Higher vascular plant abundance associated with decreased ecosystem respiration after 20 years of warming in the forest–tundra ecotone
The on-going climate warming is promoting shrub abundance in high latitudes, but the effect of this phenomenon on ecosystem functioning is expected to depend on whether deciduous or evergreen species increase in response to warming. To explore effects of long-term warming on shrubs and further on ec...
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Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap
2024
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Online Access: | http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-217205 https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.14466 |
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ftumeauniv:oai:DiVA.org:umu-217205 2024-05-19T07:33:53+00:00 Higher vascular plant abundance associated with decreased ecosystem respiration after 20 years of warming in the forest–tundra ecotone Myrsky, Eero Mikola, Juha Kaarlejärvi, Elina Olofsson, Johan Sjögersten, Sofie Tupek, Boris Männistö, Minna K. Stark, Sari 2024 application/pdf http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-217205 https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.14466 eng eng UmeÃ¥ universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, Rovaniemi, Finland; Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Natural Resources Unit, Rovaniemi, Finland; Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki, Finland Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Natural Resources Unit, Rovaniemi, Finland Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, Rovaniemi, Finland Functional Ecology, 0269-8463, 2024, 38:1, s. 219-232 orcid:0000-0002-6943-1218 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-217205 doi:10.1111/1365-2435.14466 ISI:001108546800001 Scopus 2-s2.0-85177473764 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess arctic greening climate change CO2 exchange deciduous dwarf shrubs evergreen dwarf shrubs moth outbreaks Ecology Ekologi Climate Research Klimatforskning Article in journal info:eu-repo/semantics/article text 2024 ftumeauniv https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.14466 2024-04-30T23:35:21Z The on-going climate warming is promoting shrub abundance in high latitudes, but the effect of this phenomenon on ecosystem functioning is expected to depend on whether deciduous or evergreen species increase in response to warming. To explore effects of long-term warming on shrubs and further on ecosystem functioning, we analysed vegetation and ecosystem CO2 exchange after 20 years of warming in the forest–tundra ecotone in subarctic Sweden. A previous study conducted 9 years earlier had found increased evergreen Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum in the forest and increased deciduous Betula nana in the tundra. Following current understanding, we expected continued increase in shrub abundance that would be stronger in tundra than in forest. We expected warming to increase ecosystem respiration (Re) and gross primary productivity (GPP), with a greater increase in Re in tundra due to increased deciduous shrub abundance, leading to a less negative net ecosystem exchange and reduced ecosystem C sink strength. As predicted, vascular plant abundances were higher in the warmed plots with a stronger response in tundra than in forest. However, whereas B. nana had increased in abundance since the last survey, E. hermaphroditum abundance had declined due to several moth and rodent outbreaks during the past decade. In contrast to predictions, Re was significantly lower in the warmed plots irrespective of habitat, and GPP increased marginally only in the forest. The lower Re and a higher GPP under warming in the forest together led to increased net C sink. Re was negatively associated with the total vascular plant abundance. Our results highlight the importance of disturbance regimes for vegetation responses to warming. Climate warming may promote species with both a high capacity to grow under warmer conditions and a resilience towards herbivore outbreaks. Negative correlation between Re and total vascular plant abundance further indicate that the indirect impacts of increased plants on soil microclimate may become ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Greening Arctic Betula nana Climate change Empetrum nigrum Subarctic Tundra Umeå University: Publications (DiVA) Functional Ecology |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Umeå University: Publications (DiVA) |
op_collection_id |
ftumeauniv |
language |
English |
topic |
arctic greening climate change CO2 exchange deciduous dwarf shrubs evergreen dwarf shrubs moth outbreaks Ecology Ekologi Climate Research Klimatforskning |
spellingShingle |
arctic greening climate change CO2 exchange deciduous dwarf shrubs evergreen dwarf shrubs moth outbreaks Ecology Ekologi Climate Research Klimatforskning Myrsky, Eero Mikola, Juha Kaarlejärvi, Elina Olofsson, Johan Sjögersten, Sofie Tupek, Boris Männistö, Minna K. Stark, Sari Higher vascular plant abundance associated with decreased ecosystem respiration after 20 years of warming in the forest–tundra ecotone |
topic_facet |
arctic greening climate change CO2 exchange deciduous dwarf shrubs evergreen dwarf shrubs moth outbreaks Ecology Ekologi Climate Research Klimatforskning |
description |
The on-going climate warming is promoting shrub abundance in high latitudes, but the effect of this phenomenon on ecosystem functioning is expected to depend on whether deciduous or evergreen species increase in response to warming. To explore effects of long-term warming on shrubs and further on ecosystem functioning, we analysed vegetation and ecosystem CO2 exchange after 20 years of warming in the forest–tundra ecotone in subarctic Sweden. A previous study conducted 9 years earlier had found increased evergreen Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum in the forest and increased deciduous Betula nana in the tundra. Following current understanding, we expected continued increase in shrub abundance that would be stronger in tundra than in forest. We expected warming to increase ecosystem respiration (Re) and gross primary productivity (GPP), with a greater increase in Re in tundra due to increased deciduous shrub abundance, leading to a less negative net ecosystem exchange and reduced ecosystem C sink strength. As predicted, vascular plant abundances were higher in the warmed plots with a stronger response in tundra than in forest. However, whereas B. nana had increased in abundance since the last survey, E. hermaphroditum abundance had declined due to several moth and rodent outbreaks during the past decade. In contrast to predictions, Re was significantly lower in the warmed plots irrespective of habitat, and GPP increased marginally only in the forest. The lower Re and a higher GPP under warming in the forest together led to increased net C sink. Re was negatively associated with the total vascular plant abundance. Our results highlight the importance of disturbance regimes for vegetation responses to warming. Climate warming may promote species with both a high capacity to grow under warmer conditions and a resilience towards herbivore outbreaks. Negative correlation between Re and total vascular plant abundance further indicate that the indirect impacts of increased plants on soil microclimate may become ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Myrsky, Eero Mikola, Juha Kaarlejärvi, Elina Olofsson, Johan Sjögersten, Sofie Tupek, Boris Männistö, Minna K. Stark, Sari |
author_facet |
Myrsky, Eero Mikola, Juha Kaarlejärvi, Elina Olofsson, Johan Sjögersten, Sofie Tupek, Boris Männistö, Minna K. Stark, Sari |
author_sort |
Myrsky, Eero |
title |
Higher vascular plant abundance associated with decreased ecosystem respiration after 20 years of warming in the forest–tundra ecotone |
title_short |
Higher vascular plant abundance associated with decreased ecosystem respiration after 20 years of warming in the forest–tundra ecotone |
title_full |
Higher vascular plant abundance associated with decreased ecosystem respiration after 20 years of warming in the forest–tundra ecotone |
title_fullStr |
Higher vascular plant abundance associated with decreased ecosystem respiration after 20 years of warming in the forest–tundra ecotone |
title_full_unstemmed |
Higher vascular plant abundance associated with decreased ecosystem respiration after 20 years of warming in the forest–tundra ecotone |
title_sort |
higher vascular plant abundance associated with decreased ecosystem respiration after 20 years of warming in the forest–tundra ecotone |
publisher |
Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-217205 https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.14466 |
genre |
Arctic Greening Arctic Betula nana Climate change Empetrum nigrum Subarctic Tundra |
genre_facet |
Arctic Greening Arctic Betula nana Climate change Empetrum nigrum Subarctic Tundra |
op_relation |
Functional Ecology, 0269-8463, 2024, 38:1, s. 219-232 orcid:0000-0002-6943-1218 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-217205 doi:10.1111/1365-2435.14466 ISI:001108546800001 Scopus 2-s2.0-85177473764 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.14466 |
container_title |
Functional Ecology |
_version_ |
1799471924202438656 |