Large and small herbivores have strong effects on tundra vegetation in Scandinavia and Alaska
Large and small mammalian herbivores are present in most vegetated areas in the Arctic and often have large impacts on plant community composition and ecosystem functioning. The relative importance of different herbivores and especially how their specific impact on the vegetation varies across the A...
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Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap
2021
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Online Access: | http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-186554 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7977 |
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ftumeauniv:oai:DiVA.org:umu-186554 2024-02-11T10:00:37+01:00 Large and small herbivores have strong effects on tundra vegetation in Scandinavia and Alaska Lindén, Elin Gough, Laura Olofsson, Johan 2021 application/pdf http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-186554 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7977 eng eng Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University, MD, Towson, United States Ecology and Evolution, 2021, 11:17, s. 12141-12152 orcid:0000-0002-6943-1218 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-186554 doi:10.1002/ece3.7977 PMID 34522366 ISI:000679991100001 Scopus 2-s2.0-85111636058 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Arctic diversity exclosures Herbivores plant communities Ecology Ekologi Article in journal info:eu-repo/semantics/article text 2021 ftumeauniv https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7977 2024-01-17T23:36:38Z Large and small mammalian herbivores are present in most vegetated areas in the Arctic and often have large impacts on plant community composition and ecosystem functioning. The relative importance of different herbivores and especially how their specific impact on the vegetation varies across the Arctic is however poorly understood. Here, we investigate how large and small herbivores influence vegetation density and plant community composition in four arctic vegetation types in Scandinavia and Alaska. We used a unique set of exclosures, excluding only large (reindeer and muskoxen) or all mammalian herbivores (also voles and lemmings) for at least 20 years. We found that mammalian herbivores in general decreased leaf area index, NDVI, and abundance of vascular plants in all four locations, even though the strength of the effect and which herbivore type caused these effects differed across locations. In three locations, herbivore presence caused contrasting plant communities, but not in the location with lowest productivity. Large herbivores had a negative effect on plant height, whereas small mammalian herbivores increased species diversity by decreasing dominance of the initially dominating plant species. Above- or belowground disturbances caused by herbivores were found to play an important role in shaping the vegetation in all locations. Synthesis: Based on these results, we conclude that both small and large mammalian herbivores influence vegetation in Scandinavia and Alaska in a similar way, some of which can mitigate effects of climate change. We also see important differences across locations, but these depend rather on local herbivore and plant community composition than large biogeographical differences among continents. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Climate change Tundra Alaska Umeå University: Publications (DiVA) Arctic Ecology and Evolution |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Umeå University: Publications (DiVA) |
op_collection_id |
ftumeauniv |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic diversity exclosures Herbivores plant communities Ecology Ekologi |
spellingShingle |
Arctic diversity exclosures Herbivores plant communities Ecology Ekologi Lindén, Elin Gough, Laura Olofsson, Johan Large and small herbivores have strong effects on tundra vegetation in Scandinavia and Alaska |
topic_facet |
Arctic diversity exclosures Herbivores plant communities Ecology Ekologi |
description |
Large and small mammalian herbivores are present in most vegetated areas in the Arctic and often have large impacts on plant community composition and ecosystem functioning. The relative importance of different herbivores and especially how their specific impact on the vegetation varies across the Arctic is however poorly understood. Here, we investigate how large and small herbivores influence vegetation density and plant community composition in four arctic vegetation types in Scandinavia and Alaska. We used a unique set of exclosures, excluding only large (reindeer and muskoxen) or all mammalian herbivores (also voles and lemmings) for at least 20 years. We found that mammalian herbivores in general decreased leaf area index, NDVI, and abundance of vascular plants in all four locations, even though the strength of the effect and which herbivore type caused these effects differed across locations. In three locations, herbivore presence caused contrasting plant communities, but not in the location with lowest productivity. Large herbivores had a negative effect on plant height, whereas small mammalian herbivores increased species diversity by decreasing dominance of the initially dominating plant species. Above- or belowground disturbances caused by herbivores were found to play an important role in shaping the vegetation in all locations. Synthesis: Based on these results, we conclude that both small and large mammalian herbivores influence vegetation in Scandinavia and Alaska in a similar way, some of which can mitigate effects of climate change. We also see important differences across locations, but these depend rather on local herbivore and plant community composition than large biogeographical differences among continents. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lindén, Elin Gough, Laura Olofsson, Johan |
author_facet |
Lindén, Elin Gough, Laura Olofsson, Johan |
author_sort |
Lindén, Elin |
title |
Large and small herbivores have strong effects on tundra vegetation in Scandinavia and Alaska |
title_short |
Large and small herbivores have strong effects on tundra vegetation in Scandinavia and Alaska |
title_full |
Large and small herbivores have strong effects on tundra vegetation in Scandinavia and Alaska |
title_fullStr |
Large and small herbivores have strong effects on tundra vegetation in Scandinavia and Alaska |
title_full_unstemmed |
Large and small herbivores have strong effects on tundra vegetation in Scandinavia and Alaska |
title_sort |
large and small herbivores have strong effects on tundra vegetation in scandinavia and alaska |
publisher |
Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-186554 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7977 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Tundra Alaska |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Tundra Alaska |
op_relation |
Ecology and Evolution, 2021, 11:17, s. 12141-12152 orcid:0000-0002-6943-1218 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-186554 doi:10.1002/ece3.7977 PMID 34522366 ISI:000679991100001 Scopus 2-s2.0-85111636058 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7977 |
container_title |
Ecology and Evolution |
_version_ |
1790596331365990400 |