Air pollution, physical activity and ischaemic heart disease : a prospective cohort study of interaction effects
OBJECTIVE: To assess a possible interaction effect between physical activity and air pollution on first incidence of ischaemic heart disease (IHD). DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Umeå, Northern Sweden. PARTICIPANTS: We studied 34 748 adult participants of Västerbotten Intervention Progra...
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Umeå universitet, Avdelningen för hållbar hälsa
2021
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ftumeauniv:oai:DiVA.org:umu-182321 2023-10-09T21:54:36+02:00 Air pollution, physical activity and ischaemic heart disease : a prospective cohort study of interaction effects Raza, Wasif Krachler, Benno Forsberg, Bertil Nilsson Sommar, Johan 2021 application/pdf http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-182321 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040912 eng eng Umeå universitet, Avdelningen för hållbar hälsa BMJ Open, 2021, 11:4, orcid:0000-0002-0159-6657 orcid:0000-0002-8854-498x http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-182321 doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040912 PMID 33849846 ISI:000641483900005 Scopus 2-s2.0-85104106625 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess coronary heart disease ischaemic heart disease public health Occupational Health and Environmental Health Arbetsmedicin och miljömedicin Article in journal info:eu-repo/semantics/article text 2021 ftumeauniv https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040912 2023-09-22T14:01:30Z OBJECTIVE: To assess a possible interaction effect between physical activity and air pollution on first incidence of ischaemic heart disease (IHD). DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Umeå, Northern Sweden. PARTICIPANTS: We studied 34 748 adult participants of Västerbotten Intervention Programme cohort from 1990 to January 2014. Annual particulate matter concentrations (PM2.5 and PM10) at the participants' residential addresses were modelled and a questionnaire on frequency of exercise and active commuting was completed at baseline. Cox proportional hazards modelling was used to estimate (1) association with physical activity at different levels of air pollution and (2) the association with particulate matter at different levels of physical activity. OUTCOME: First incidence of IHD. RESULTS: Over a mean follow-up of 12.4 years, there were 1148 IHD cases. Overall, we observed an increased risk of IHD among individuals with higher concentrations of particles at their home address. Exercise at least twice a week was associated with a lower risk of IHD among participants with high residential PM2.5 (hazard ratio (HR) 0.60; 95% CI: 0.44 to 0.82) and PM10 (HR 0.55; 95% CI: 0.4 to 0.76). The same beneficial effect was not observed with low residential PM2.5 (HR 0.94; 95% CI: 0.72 to 1.22) and PM10 (HR 0.99; 95% CI: 0.76 to 1.29). An increased risk associated with higher long-term exposure to particles was only observed among participants that exercised in training clothes at most one a week and among those not performing any active commuting. However, only the interaction effect on HRs for exercise was statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Exercise was associated with a lower risk of first incidence of IHD among individuals with higher residential particle concentrations. An air pollution-associated risk was only observed among those who exercised less. The findings support the promotion of physical activity and a mitigation of air pollution. Article in Journal/Newspaper Northern Sweden Umeå University: Publications (DiVA) BMJ Open 11 4 e040912 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Umeå University: Publications (DiVA) |
op_collection_id |
ftumeauniv |
language |
English |
topic |
coronary heart disease ischaemic heart disease public health Occupational Health and Environmental Health Arbetsmedicin och miljömedicin |
spellingShingle |
coronary heart disease ischaemic heart disease public health Occupational Health and Environmental Health Arbetsmedicin och miljömedicin Raza, Wasif Krachler, Benno Forsberg, Bertil Nilsson Sommar, Johan Air pollution, physical activity and ischaemic heart disease : a prospective cohort study of interaction effects |
topic_facet |
coronary heart disease ischaemic heart disease public health Occupational Health and Environmental Health Arbetsmedicin och miljömedicin |
description |
OBJECTIVE: To assess a possible interaction effect between physical activity and air pollution on first incidence of ischaemic heart disease (IHD). DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Umeå, Northern Sweden. PARTICIPANTS: We studied 34 748 adult participants of Västerbotten Intervention Programme cohort from 1990 to January 2014. Annual particulate matter concentrations (PM2.5 and PM10) at the participants' residential addresses were modelled and a questionnaire on frequency of exercise and active commuting was completed at baseline. Cox proportional hazards modelling was used to estimate (1) association with physical activity at different levels of air pollution and (2) the association with particulate matter at different levels of physical activity. OUTCOME: First incidence of IHD. RESULTS: Over a mean follow-up of 12.4 years, there were 1148 IHD cases. Overall, we observed an increased risk of IHD among individuals with higher concentrations of particles at their home address. Exercise at least twice a week was associated with a lower risk of IHD among participants with high residential PM2.5 (hazard ratio (HR) 0.60; 95% CI: 0.44 to 0.82) and PM10 (HR 0.55; 95% CI: 0.4 to 0.76). The same beneficial effect was not observed with low residential PM2.5 (HR 0.94; 95% CI: 0.72 to 1.22) and PM10 (HR 0.99; 95% CI: 0.76 to 1.29). An increased risk associated with higher long-term exposure to particles was only observed among participants that exercised in training clothes at most one a week and among those not performing any active commuting. However, only the interaction effect on HRs for exercise was statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Exercise was associated with a lower risk of first incidence of IHD among individuals with higher residential particle concentrations. An air pollution-associated risk was only observed among those who exercised less. The findings support the promotion of physical activity and a mitigation of air pollution. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Raza, Wasif Krachler, Benno Forsberg, Bertil Nilsson Sommar, Johan |
author_facet |
Raza, Wasif Krachler, Benno Forsberg, Bertil Nilsson Sommar, Johan |
author_sort |
Raza, Wasif |
title |
Air pollution, physical activity and ischaemic heart disease : a prospective cohort study of interaction effects |
title_short |
Air pollution, physical activity and ischaemic heart disease : a prospective cohort study of interaction effects |
title_full |
Air pollution, physical activity and ischaemic heart disease : a prospective cohort study of interaction effects |
title_fullStr |
Air pollution, physical activity and ischaemic heart disease : a prospective cohort study of interaction effects |
title_full_unstemmed |
Air pollution, physical activity and ischaemic heart disease : a prospective cohort study of interaction effects |
title_sort |
air pollution, physical activity and ischaemic heart disease : a prospective cohort study of interaction effects |
publisher |
Umeå universitet, Avdelningen för hållbar hälsa |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-182321 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040912 |
genre |
Northern Sweden |
genre_facet |
Northern Sweden |
op_relation |
BMJ Open, 2021, 11:4, orcid:0000-0002-0159-6657 orcid:0000-0002-8854-498x http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-182321 doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040912 PMID 33849846 ISI:000641483900005 Scopus 2-s2.0-85104106625 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040912 |
container_title |
BMJ Open |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
e040912 |
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1779318247683784704 |