Responses of tundra plant community carbon flux to experimental warming, dominant species removal and elevation
Rising temperatures can influence ecosystem processes both directly and indirectly, through effects on plant species and communities. An improved understanding of direct versus indirect effects of warming on ecosystem processes is needed for robust predictions of the impacts of climate change on ter...
Published in: | Functional Ecology |
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Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap
2020
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Online Access: | http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-170816 https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13567 |
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ftumeauniv:oai:DiVA.org:umu-170816 2023-10-09T21:49:30+02:00 Responses of tundra plant community carbon flux to experimental warming, dominant species removal and elevation Sundqvist, Maja K. Sanders, Nathan J. Dorrepaal, Ellen Lindén, Elin Metcalfe, Daniel B. Newman, Gregory S. Olofsson, Johan Wardle, David A. Classen, Aimee T. 2020 application/pdf http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-170816 https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13567 eng eng Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden; The Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, The Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Functional Ecology, 0269-8463, 2020, 34:7, s. 1497-1506 orcid:0000-0001-5947-839x orcid:0000-0002-6943-1218 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-170816 doi:10.1111/1365-2435.13567 ISI:000529607900001 Scopus 2-s2.0-85083997702 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess carbon ecosystem respiration global warming gross primary productivity leaf area index normalized difference vegetation index plant-plant interactions Climate Research Klimatforskning Physical Geography Naturgeografi Article in journal info:eu-repo/semantics/article text 2020 ftumeauniv https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13567 2023-09-22T13:59:38Z Rising temperatures can influence ecosystem processes both directly and indirectly, through effects on plant species and communities. An improved understanding of direct versus indirect effects of warming on ecosystem processes is needed for robust predictions of the impacts of climate change on terrestrial ecosystem carbon (C) dynamics.To explore potential direct and indirect effects of warming on C dynamics in arctic tundra heath, we established a warming (open top chambers) and dominant plant species (Empetrum hermaphroditum Hagerup) removal experiment at a high and low elevation site. We measured the individual and interactive effects of warming, dominant species removal and elevation on plant species cover, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), leaf area index (LAI), temperature, soil moisture and instantaneous net ecosystem CO2 exchange.We hypothesized that ecosystems would be stronger CO2 sinks at the low elevation site, and that warming and species removal would weaken the CO2 sink because warming should increase ecosystem respiration (ER) and species removal should reduce gross primary productivity (GPP). Furthermore, we hypothesized that warming and species removal would have the greatest impact on processes at the high elevation where site temperature should be most limiting and dominant species may buffer the overall community to environmental stress more compared to the low elevation site where plants are more likely to compete with the dominant species.The instantaneous CO2 flux, which reflected a weak CO2 sink, was similar at both elevations. Neither experimental warming nor dominant species removal significantly changed GPP or instantaneous net ecosystem CO2 exchange even though species removal significantly reduced ER, NDVI and LAI.Our results show that even the loss of dominant plant species may not result in significant landscape‐scale responses of net ecosystem CO2 exchange to warming. They also show that NDVI and LAI may be limited in their ability to predict changes in GPP in ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Climate change Global warming Tundra Umeå University: Publications (DiVA) Arctic Functional Ecology 34 7 1497 1506 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Umeå University: Publications (DiVA) |
op_collection_id |
ftumeauniv |
language |
English |
topic |
carbon ecosystem respiration global warming gross primary productivity leaf area index normalized difference vegetation index plant-plant interactions Climate Research Klimatforskning Physical Geography Naturgeografi |
spellingShingle |
carbon ecosystem respiration global warming gross primary productivity leaf area index normalized difference vegetation index plant-plant interactions Climate Research Klimatforskning Physical Geography Naturgeografi Sundqvist, Maja K. Sanders, Nathan J. Dorrepaal, Ellen Lindén, Elin Metcalfe, Daniel B. Newman, Gregory S. Olofsson, Johan Wardle, David A. Classen, Aimee T. Responses of tundra plant community carbon flux to experimental warming, dominant species removal and elevation |
topic_facet |
carbon ecosystem respiration global warming gross primary productivity leaf area index normalized difference vegetation index plant-plant interactions Climate Research Klimatforskning Physical Geography Naturgeografi |
description |
Rising temperatures can influence ecosystem processes both directly and indirectly, through effects on plant species and communities. An improved understanding of direct versus indirect effects of warming on ecosystem processes is needed for robust predictions of the impacts of climate change on terrestrial ecosystem carbon (C) dynamics.To explore potential direct and indirect effects of warming on C dynamics in arctic tundra heath, we established a warming (open top chambers) and dominant plant species (Empetrum hermaphroditum Hagerup) removal experiment at a high and low elevation site. We measured the individual and interactive effects of warming, dominant species removal and elevation on plant species cover, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), leaf area index (LAI), temperature, soil moisture and instantaneous net ecosystem CO2 exchange.We hypothesized that ecosystems would be stronger CO2 sinks at the low elevation site, and that warming and species removal would weaken the CO2 sink because warming should increase ecosystem respiration (ER) and species removal should reduce gross primary productivity (GPP). Furthermore, we hypothesized that warming and species removal would have the greatest impact on processes at the high elevation where site temperature should be most limiting and dominant species may buffer the overall community to environmental stress more compared to the low elevation site where plants are more likely to compete with the dominant species.The instantaneous CO2 flux, which reflected a weak CO2 sink, was similar at both elevations. Neither experimental warming nor dominant species removal significantly changed GPP or instantaneous net ecosystem CO2 exchange even though species removal significantly reduced ER, NDVI and LAI.Our results show that even the loss of dominant plant species may not result in significant landscape‐scale responses of net ecosystem CO2 exchange to warming. They also show that NDVI and LAI may be limited in their ability to predict changes in GPP in ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sundqvist, Maja K. Sanders, Nathan J. Dorrepaal, Ellen Lindén, Elin Metcalfe, Daniel B. Newman, Gregory S. Olofsson, Johan Wardle, David A. Classen, Aimee T. |
author_facet |
Sundqvist, Maja K. Sanders, Nathan J. Dorrepaal, Ellen Lindén, Elin Metcalfe, Daniel B. Newman, Gregory S. Olofsson, Johan Wardle, David A. Classen, Aimee T. |
author_sort |
Sundqvist, Maja K. |
title |
Responses of tundra plant community carbon flux to experimental warming, dominant species removal and elevation |
title_short |
Responses of tundra plant community carbon flux to experimental warming, dominant species removal and elevation |
title_full |
Responses of tundra plant community carbon flux to experimental warming, dominant species removal and elevation |
title_fullStr |
Responses of tundra plant community carbon flux to experimental warming, dominant species removal and elevation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Responses of tundra plant community carbon flux to experimental warming, dominant species removal and elevation |
title_sort |
responses of tundra plant community carbon flux to experimental warming, dominant species removal and elevation |
publisher |
Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-170816 https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13567 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Global warming Tundra |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Global warming Tundra |
op_relation |
Functional Ecology, 0269-8463, 2020, 34:7, s. 1497-1506 orcid:0000-0001-5947-839x orcid:0000-0002-6943-1218 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-170816 doi:10.1111/1365-2435.13567 ISI:000529607900001 Scopus 2-s2.0-85083997702 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13567 |
container_title |
Functional Ecology |
container_volume |
34 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
1497 |
op_container_end_page |
1506 |
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1779312528978870272 |