Dual-Polarity Early Carboniferous Remagnetization of the Fisset Brook Formation, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia

Red siltstones and volcanic flows of the Fisset Brook Formation of Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, were folded or tilted in two phases, one of Late Tournaisian and the other of Mid-Namurian age. Upon thermal demagnetization, both rock types yield three components of magnetization, herein denoted as...

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Published in:Geophysical Journal International
Main Authors: Johnson, Rex J. E., Voo, Rob Van der
Other Authors: Department of Geological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1063, USA
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:unknown
Published: Blackwell Publishing Ltd 1989
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Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/71665
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1989.tb00500.x
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author Johnson, Rex J. E.
Voo, Rob Van der
author2 Department of Geological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1063, USA
author_facet Johnson, Rex J. E.
Voo, Rob Van der
author_sort Johnson, Rex J. E.
collection Unknown
container_issue 2
container_start_page 259
container_title Geophysical Journal International
container_volume 97
description Red siltstones and volcanic flows of the Fisset Brook Formation of Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, were folded or tilted in two phases, one of Late Tournaisian and the other of Mid-Namurian age. Upon thermal demagnetization, both rock types yield three components of magnetization, herein denoted as L, I and H. the L component has low unblocking temperatures and a direction conforming to that of the present-day geomagnetic field. L is inferred to be of recent origin. the intermediate I component, carried by haematite, is of synfolding origin. Directions could be obtained through vector subtraction for the demagnetization interval of 300–550 °C, and yield a mean of D/ I = 160°/+38° ( k = 90.8, Α 95 = 5.1°), after 39 per cent of the tilt correction is applied. the H component has even higher unblocking temperatures, which overlap to a large degree with those of the I component, but analysis of intersecting great circles appears to yield a best-fit direction for H which is nearly antipodal to that of the I component. H is also synfolding, and yields a mean direction of D/I = 342°/-38° ( k = 120.9, Α 95 = 6.9°) after 60 per cent of tilt correction. Both components are interpreted as secondary chemical remanent magnetizations of Late Tournaisian to Early Namurian age. A comparison of all available Carboniferous results from the craton and the northern Appalachians indicates that palaeolatitudes for Nova Scotia changed from about 20°S to about 10°S in the interval between the Early and Late Namurian and that they changed again from about 10°S to 0° between the Late Namurian and the Stephanian. Declinations show good agreement between Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and the craton, with the exception of the Meguma terrain, which underwent a counterclockwise rotation with respect to the mainland in the Late Carboniferous, as noted previously by Spariosu, Kent & Keppie (1984). Peer Reviewed http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/71665/1/j.1365-246X.1989.tb00500.x.pdf
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genre Breton Island
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genre_facet Breton Island
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Geophysical Journal International
Barr, S. M., Macdonald, A. S. & Blenkinsop, J., 1986. the Cheticamp pluton: a Cambrian granodiorite intrusion in the western Cape Breton Highlands, Nova Scotia, Can. J. Earth Sci., 23, 1686 – 1699.
Bailey, R. C. & Halls, H. C., 1984. Estimate of confidence in paleomagnetic directions derived from mixed remagnetizationcircle and direct observational data, J. Geophys., 54, 174 – 182.
Bradley, D. C., 1982. Subsidence in Late Paleozoic basins in the northern Appalachians. Tectonics, 1, 107 – 123.
Diehl, J. F. & Shive, P. N., 1981. Paleomagnetic results from the Late Carboniferous/Early Permian Casper Formation: implications for northern Appalachian tectonics, Earth planet. Sci. Lett., 54, 281 – 292.
Fisher, R. A., 1953. Dispersion on a sphere, Proc. R. Soc. A, 217, 295 – 305.
Halls, H. C., 1976. A least squares method to find a remanence direction from converging remagnetization circles, Geophys. J. R. astr. Soc., 45, 297 – 304.
Henry, S. G., 1979. Chemical demagnetization: methods, procedures and applications through vector analysis, Can. J. Earth Sci., 16, 1832 – 1841.
Hoffman, K. A. & Day, R., 1978. Separation of multicomponent NRM: a general method, Earth planet. Sci. Lett., 40, 433 – 438.
Irving, E. & Strong D. F., 1985. Paleomagnetism of rocks from the Burin Peninsula, Newfoundland: hypothesis of Late Paleozoic displacement of Acadia criticized, J. geophys. Res., 90, 1949 – 1962.
Johnson, R. & Van Der Voo, R., 1985. Middle Cambrian Paleomagnetism of the Avalon terrane in Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Tectonics, 4, 629 – 651.
Kelley, D. G., & Mackasey, W. O., 1964. Basal Mississippian volcanic rocks in Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Pap. Geol. Surv. Can. 64 – 34.
Kent, D. V. & Opdyke, N. D., 1979. the early Carboniferous paleomagnetic field of North America and its bearing on tectonics of the northern Appalachians, Earth planet. Sci. Lett., 44, 365 – 372.
Kent, D. V. & Opdyke, N. D., 1985. Multicomponent magnetizations from the Mississippian Mauch Chunk Formation of the central Appalachians and their tectonic implications, J. geophys. Res., 90, 5371 – 5383.
Keppie, J. D., 1979. Geologic Map of the Province of Nova Scotia, Nova Scotia Dept. of Mines and Energy, Halifax, Nova Scotia.
Kirschvink, J. L., 1980. the least squares line and plane and the analysis of paleomagnetic data, Geophys. J. R. astr. Soc., 62, 699 – 718.
Larson, E. E., Walker, T. R., Patterson, P. E., Hoblitt, P. & Rosenbaum, J., 1982. Paleomagnetism of the Moenkopi Formation, Colorado Plateau: Basis for long term model of acquisition of CRM, J. geophys. Res., 87, 1081 – 1106.
Mcelhinny, M. W., 1973. Paleomagnetism and Plate Tectonics, Cambridge University Press, London.
Miller, J. D. & Kent, D. V., 1986a, Synfolding and prefolding magnetizations in the Upper Devonian Catskill Formation of Eastern Pannsylvania: implications for the tectonic history of ‘Acadia’, J. geophys. Res., 91, 12791 – 12803.
Miller, J. D. & Kent, D. V., 1986b. Paleomagnetism of the Upper Devonian Catskill Formation from the southern limb of the Pennsylvania salient: possible evidence of oroclinal rotation, Geophys. res. Lett., 13, 1173 – 1177.
Palmer, A. R., 1983. the decade of North American Geology 1983 time scale, Geology, 11, 503 – 504.
Payne, M. A., Shulik, S. J., Donahue, J., Rollins, H. B. & Schmidt, V. A., 1981. Paleomagnetic poles for the Carboniferous Brush Creek limestone and Buffalo siltstone from southwestern Pennsylvania, Phys. Earth planet. Int., 25, 113 – 118.
Poole, W. H., Sanford, B. V., Williams, H. & Kelley, D. G., 1970. Geology of southeastern Canada, in Geology and Economic minerals of Canada, ed. Douglas, R. S. W., pp. 229 – 305, Geol. Surv. Can. Econ. Min. Ser.
Pullaiah, G., Irving, E., Buchan, K. L. & Dunlop, D. J., 1975. Magnetization change caused by burial and uplift, Earth planet. Sci. Lett., 28, 133 – 143.
Roy, J. L., 1966. Desaimantation thermique et analyse statistique des directions de sediments Carboniferes et Permiens de l'est du Canada, Can. J. Earth Sci., 3, 139 – 161.
Roy, J. L., 1969. Paleomagnetism of the Cumberland Group and other Paleozoic formations. Can. J. Earth Sci., 6, 663 – 669.
Roy, J. L., 1977. La position stratigraphique determinee paleomagnetiquement de sediments Carboniferes de Minudie Point, Nouvelle Ecosse: a propos de l'honzon repere magnetique du Carbonifere, Can. J. Earth Sci., 4, 1116 – 1127.
Roy, J. L. & Morris, W. A., 1983. Paleomagnetic results from the Carboniferous of North America and the geomagnetic field horizon marker, Earth planet. Sci. Lett., 65, 167 – 181.
Roy, J. L. & Park, J. K., 1969. Paleomagnetism of the Hopewell Group, New Brunswick, J. geophys. Res., 74, 594 – 604.
Roy, J. L. & Park, J. K., 1974. the magnetization process of certain red beds: vector analysis of chemical and thermal results, Can. J. Earth Sci. 11, 437 – 471.
Roy, J. L., Robertson, W. A. & Park, J. K., 1968. the stability of the magnetization of the Hurley Creek Formation, J. geophys. Res., 73, 697 – 702.
Scotese, C. R., 1985. The assembly of Pangea: Middle and Late Paleozoic paleomagnetic remits from North America, PhD thesis, University of Chicago.
Scotese, C. R., Van Der Voo, R., Johnson, R. & Giles, P. S., 1984, Paleomagnetic results from the Carboniferous of Nova Scotia, in Plate Reconstructions from Paleozoic Paleomegnetism, eds Van der Voo, R., Scotese, C. R. & Bonhommet, N., pp. 63–81, Am. geophys. Un. Geodyn. Ser., 12.
Scott, G. R., 1979. Paleomagnetic studies of the Early Carboniferous St. Joe limestone, Arkansas, J. geophys. Res., 84, 6277 – 6285.
Seguin, M. K., Singh, A. & Fyffe, L., 1985. New paleomagnetic data from Carboniferous volcanics and redbeds from central New Brunswick, Geophys. Res. Lett., 12, 81 – 84.
Spariosu, D. J., Kent, D. V. & Keppie, J. D., 1984. Late Paleozoic motions of the Meguma terrane, Nova Scotia: new paleomagnetic evidence, in Plate Reconstructions from Paleozoic Paleomagnetism, eds Van der Voo, R., Scotese, C. R., & Bonhommet, N., pp. 82–98, Am. geophys. Un. Geodyn. Ser., N. 12.
Van Der Voo, R., 1989. Paleomagnetism of continental North America: the craton, its margins, and the Appalachian belt, in Geophysical Framework of the Continental United States, eds Pakiser, L. C. & Mooney, W. D., Mem., geol. Soc. Am., in press.
Van Der Voo, R. & Johnson, R., 1985. Paleomagnetism of the Dunn Point Formation (Nova Scotia): high paleolatitudes for the Avalon terrane in the Late Ordovician, Geophys. Res. Lett., 12, 337 – 340.
Walker, T. R., Larson, E. E. & Holblitt, R. P., 1981. Nature and origin of hematite in the Moenkopi Formation (Triassic), Colorado Plateau: a contribution to the origin of magnetism in red beds, J. geophys. Res., 86, 317 – 333.
Williams, H., 1978. Tectonic lithofacies map of the Appalachian orogen, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's. Newfoundland.
Williams, H. & Hatcher, R. D., Jr., 1983, Appalachian suspect terranes, in Contributions to the Tectonics and Geophysics of Mountain Chains, eds. Hatcher, R. D., Jr., Williams, H., & Zietz, I., pp. 33–54, Mem. geol. Soc. Am. 158.
Wisniowiecki, M. J., Van Der Voo, R., Mccabe, C. & Kelly, W. C., 1983. A Pennsylvanian paleomagnetic pole from the mineralized late Cambrian Bonneterre Formation, southeast Missouri, J. geophys. Res., 88, 6540 – 6548.
Zijderveld, J. D. A., 1967. AC demagnetization of rocks: analysis of results, in Methods in Paleomagnetism, eds Collinson, D. W., Creer, K. M. & Runcorn, S. K., pp. 254 – 286, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
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spelling ftumdeepblue:oai:deepblue.lib.umich.edu:2027.42/71665 2025-06-15T14:24:32+00:00 Dual-Polarity Early Carboniferous Remagnetization of the Fisset Brook Formation, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia Johnson, Rex J. E. Voo, Rob Van der Department of Geological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1063, USA 1989-05 1336005 bytes 3109 bytes application/pdf text/plain https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/71665 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1989.tb00500.x unknown Blackwell Publishing Ltd https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/71665 Geophysical Journal International Barr, S. M., Macdonald, A. S. & Blenkinsop, J., 1986. the Cheticamp pluton: a Cambrian granodiorite intrusion in the western Cape Breton Highlands, Nova Scotia, Can. J. Earth Sci., 23, 1686 – 1699. Bailey, R. C. & Halls, H. C., 1984. Estimate of confidence in paleomagnetic directions derived from mixed remagnetizationcircle and direct observational data, J. Geophys., 54, 174 – 182. Bradley, D. C., 1982. Subsidence in Late Paleozoic basins in the northern Appalachians. Tectonics, 1, 107 – 123. Diehl, J. F. & Shive, P. N., 1981. Paleomagnetic results from the Late Carboniferous/Early Permian Casper Formation: implications for northern Appalachian tectonics, Earth planet. Sci. Lett., 54, 281 – 292. Fisher, R. A., 1953. Dispersion on a sphere, Proc. R. Soc. A, 217, 295 – 305. Halls, H. C., 1976. A least squares method to find a remanence direction from converging remagnetization circles, Geophys. J. R. astr. Soc., 45, 297 – 304. Henry, S. G., 1979. Chemical demagnetization: methods, procedures and applications through vector analysis, Can. J. Earth Sci., 16, 1832 – 1841. Hoffman, K. A. & Day, R., 1978. Separation of multicomponent NRM: a general method, Earth planet. Sci. Lett., 40, 433 – 438. Irving, E. & Strong D. F., 1985. Paleomagnetism of rocks from the Burin Peninsula, Newfoundland: hypothesis of Late Paleozoic displacement of Acadia criticized, J. geophys. Res., 90, 1949 – 1962. Johnson, R. & Van Der Voo, R., 1985. Middle Cambrian Paleomagnetism of the Avalon terrane in Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Tectonics, 4, 629 – 651. Kelley, D. G., & Mackasey, W. O., 1964. Basal Mississippian volcanic rocks in Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Pap. Geol. Surv. Can. 64 – 34. Kent, D. V. & Opdyke, N. D., 1979. the early Carboniferous paleomagnetic field of North America and its bearing on tectonics of the northern Appalachians, Earth planet. Sci. Lett., 44, 365 – 372. Kent, D. V. & Opdyke, N. D., 1985. Multicomponent magnetizations from the Mississippian Mauch Chunk Formation of the central Appalachians and their tectonic implications, J. geophys. Res., 90, 5371 – 5383. Keppie, J. D., 1979. Geologic Map of the Province of Nova Scotia, Nova Scotia Dept. of Mines and Energy, Halifax, Nova Scotia. Kirschvink, J. L., 1980. the least squares line and plane and the analysis of paleomagnetic data, Geophys. J. R. astr. Soc., 62, 699 – 718. Larson, E. E., Walker, T. R., Patterson, P. E., Hoblitt, P. & Rosenbaum, J., 1982. Paleomagnetism of the Moenkopi Formation, Colorado Plateau: Basis for long term model of acquisition of CRM, J. geophys. Res., 87, 1081 – 1106. Mcelhinny, M. W., 1973. Paleomagnetism and Plate Tectonics, Cambridge University Press, London. Miller, J. D. & Kent, D. V., 1986a, Synfolding and prefolding magnetizations in the Upper Devonian Catskill Formation of Eastern Pannsylvania: implications for the tectonic history of ‘Acadia’, J. geophys. Res., 91, 12791 – 12803. Miller, J. D. & Kent, D. V., 1986b. Paleomagnetism of the Upper Devonian Catskill Formation from the southern limb of the Pennsylvania salient: possible evidence of oroclinal rotation, Geophys. res. Lett., 13, 1173 – 1177. Palmer, A. R., 1983. the decade of North American Geology 1983 time scale, Geology, 11, 503 – 504. Payne, M. A., Shulik, S. J., Donahue, J., Rollins, H. B. & Schmidt, V. A., 1981. Paleomagnetic poles for the Carboniferous Brush Creek limestone and Buffalo siltstone from southwestern Pennsylvania, Phys. Earth planet. Int., 25, 113 – 118. Poole, W. H., Sanford, B. V., Williams, H. & Kelley, D. G., 1970. Geology of southeastern Canada, in Geology and Economic minerals of Canada, ed. Douglas, R. S. W., pp. 229 – 305, Geol. Surv. Can. Econ. Min. Ser. Pullaiah, G., Irving, E., Buchan, K. L. & Dunlop, D. J., 1975. Magnetization change caused by burial and uplift, Earth planet. Sci. Lett., 28, 133 – 143. Roy, J. L., 1966. Desaimantation thermique et analyse statistique des directions de sediments Carboniferes et Permiens de l'est du Canada, Can. J. Earth Sci., 3, 139 – 161. Roy, J. L., 1969. Paleomagnetism of the Cumberland Group and other Paleozoic formations. Can. J. Earth Sci., 6, 663 – 669. Roy, J. L., 1977. La position stratigraphique determinee paleomagnetiquement de sediments Carboniferes de Minudie Point, Nouvelle Ecosse: a propos de l'honzon repere magnetique du Carbonifere, Can. J. Earth Sci., 4, 1116 – 1127. Roy, J. L. & Morris, W. A., 1983. Paleomagnetic results from the Carboniferous of North America and the geomagnetic field horizon marker, Earth planet. Sci. Lett., 65, 167 – 181. Roy, J. L. & Park, J. K., 1969. Paleomagnetism of the Hopewell Group, New Brunswick, J. geophys. Res., 74, 594 – 604. Roy, J. L. & Park, J. K., 1974. the magnetization process of certain red beds: vector analysis of chemical and thermal results, Can. J. Earth Sci. 11, 437 – 471. Roy, J. L., Robertson, W. A. & Park, J. K., 1968. the stability of the magnetization of the Hurley Creek Formation, J. geophys. Res., 73, 697 – 702. Scotese, C. R., 1985. The assembly of Pangea: Middle and Late Paleozoic paleomagnetic remits from North America, PhD thesis, University of Chicago. Scotese, C. R., Van Der Voo, R., Johnson, R. & Giles, P. S., 1984, Paleomagnetic results from the Carboniferous of Nova Scotia, in Plate Reconstructions from Paleozoic Paleomegnetism, eds Van der Voo, R., Scotese, C. R. & Bonhommet, N., pp. 63–81, Am. geophys. Un. Geodyn. Ser., 12. Scott, G. R., 1979. Paleomagnetic studies of the Early Carboniferous St. Joe limestone, Arkansas, J. geophys. Res., 84, 6277 – 6285. Seguin, M. K., Singh, A. & Fyffe, L., 1985. New paleomagnetic data from Carboniferous volcanics and redbeds from central New Brunswick, Geophys. Res. Lett., 12, 81 – 84. Spariosu, D. J., Kent, D. V. & Keppie, J. D., 1984. Late Paleozoic motions of the Meguma terrane, Nova Scotia: new paleomagnetic evidence, in Plate Reconstructions from Paleozoic Paleomagnetism, eds Van der Voo, R., Scotese, C. R., & Bonhommet, N., pp. 82–98, Am. geophys. Un. Geodyn. Ser., N. 12. Van Der Voo, R., 1989. Paleomagnetism of continental North America: the craton, its margins, and the Appalachian belt, in Geophysical Framework of the Continental United States, eds Pakiser, L. C. & Mooney, W. D., Mem., geol. Soc. Am., in press. Van Der Voo, R. & Johnson, R., 1985. Paleomagnetism of the Dunn Point Formation (Nova Scotia): high paleolatitudes for the Avalon terrane in the Late Ordovician, Geophys. Res. Lett., 12, 337 – 340. Walker, T. R., Larson, E. E. & Holblitt, R. P., 1981. Nature and origin of hematite in the Moenkopi Formation (Triassic), Colorado Plateau: a contribution to the origin of magnetism in red beds, J. geophys. Res., 86, 317 – 333. Williams, H., 1978. Tectonic lithofacies map of the Appalachian orogen, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's. Newfoundland. Williams, H. & Hatcher, R. D., Jr., 1983, Appalachian suspect terranes, in Contributions to the Tectonics and Geophysics of Mountain Chains, eds. Hatcher, R. D., Jr., Williams, H., & Zietz, I., pp. 33–54, Mem. geol. Soc. Am. 158. Wisniowiecki, M. J., Van Der Voo, R., Mccabe, C. & Kelly, W. C., 1983. A Pennsylvanian paleomagnetic pole from the mineralized late Cambrian Bonneterre Formation, southeast Missouri, J. geophys. Res., 88, 6540 – 6548. Zijderveld, J. D. A., 1967. AC demagnetization of rocks: analysis of results, in Methods in Paleomagnetism, eds Collinson, D. W., Creer, K. M. & Runcorn, S. K., pp. 254 – 286, Elsevier, Amsterdam. 1989 Royal Astronomical Society Avalon Zone Overprint Magnetization Palaeomagnetism Terrains Geology and Earth Sciences Science Article 1989 ftumdeepblue https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1989.tb00500.x 2025-06-04T05:59:22Z Red siltstones and volcanic flows of the Fisset Brook Formation of Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, were folded or tilted in two phases, one of Late Tournaisian and the other of Mid-Namurian age. Upon thermal demagnetization, both rock types yield three components of magnetization, herein denoted as L, I and H. the L component has low unblocking temperatures and a direction conforming to that of the present-day geomagnetic field. L is inferred to be of recent origin. the intermediate I component, carried by haematite, is of synfolding origin. Directions could be obtained through vector subtraction for the demagnetization interval of 300–550 °C, and yield a mean of D/ I = 160°/+38° ( k = 90.8, Α 95 = 5.1°), after 39 per cent of the tilt correction is applied. the H component has even higher unblocking temperatures, which overlap to a large degree with those of the I component, but analysis of intersecting great circles appears to yield a best-fit direction for H which is nearly antipodal to that of the I component. H is also synfolding, and yields a mean direction of D/I = 342°/-38° ( k = 120.9, Α 95 = 6.9°) after 60 per cent of tilt correction. Both components are interpreted as secondary chemical remanent magnetizations of Late Tournaisian to Early Namurian age. A comparison of all available Carboniferous results from the craton and the northern Appalachians indicates that palaeolatitudes for Nova Scotia changed from about 20°S to about 10°S in the interval between the Early and Late Namurian and that they changed again from about 10°S to 0° between the Late Namurian and the Stephanian. Declinations show good agreement between Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and the craton, with the exception of the Meguma terrain, which underwent a counterclockwise rotation with respect to the mainland in the Late Carboniferous, as noted previously by Spariosu, Kent & Keppie (1984). Peer Reviewed http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/71665/1/j.1365-246X.1989.tb00500.x.pdf Article in Journal/Newspaper Breton Island Newfoundland Unknown Breton Island ENVELOPE(141.383,141.383,-66.800,-66.800) Geophysical Journal International 97 2 259 273
spellingShingle Avalon Zone
Overprint Magnetization
Palaeomagnetism
Terrains
Geology and Earth Sciences
Science
Johnson, Rex J. E.
Voo, Rob Van der
Dual-Polarity Early Carboniferous Remagnetization of the Fisset Brook Formation, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia
title Dual-Polarity Early Carboniferous Remagnetization of the Fisset Brook Formation, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia
title_full Dual-Polarity Early Carboniferous Remagnetization of the Fisset Brook Formation, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia
title_fullStr Dual-Polarity Early Carboniferous Remagnetization of the Fisset Brook Formation, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia
title_full_unstemmed Dual-Polarity Early Carboniferous Remagnetization of the Fisset Brook Formation, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia
title_short Dual-Polarity Early Carboniferous Remagnetization of the Fisset Brook Formation, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia
title_sort dual-polarity early carboniferous remagnetization of the fisset brook formation, cape breton island, nova scotia
topic Avalon Zone
Overprint Magnetization
Palaeomagnetism
Terrains
Geology and Earth Sciences
Science
topic_facet Avalon Zone
Overprint Magnetization
Palaeomagnetism
Terrains
Geology and Earth Sciences
Science
url https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/71665
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1989.tb00500.x