Pollen evidence of pleistocene and holocene vegetation on the Allegheny plateau, Maryland
When the Wisconsin ice sheet stood at its maximum position, tundra vegetation bordered the ice sheet. In the eastern United States, tundra extended at least 300 km due south of the ice border at 2700 ft (800 m) elevation on the Allegheny plateau. Spruce and jack (and/or red) pine forest grew at lowe...
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ftumdeepblue:oai:deepblue.lib.umich.edu:2027.42/33998 2023-08-20T04:07:15+02:00 Pollen evidence of pleistocene and holocene vegetation on the Allegheny plateau, Maryland Maxwell, Jean A. Davis, Margaret Bryan Department of Anthropology, the University of Michigan, USA Great Lakes Research Division, the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA 1972-12 3516334 bytes 3118 bytes application/pdf text/plain https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/33998 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WPN-4DV17GN-7X/2/e377972b14b180072468cb0bdb988944 https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(72)90089-0 en_US eng Elsevier Maxwell, Jean A., Davis, Margaret Bryan (1972/12)."Pollen evidence of pleistocene and holocene vegetation on the Allegheny plateau, Maryland." Quaternary Research 2(4): 506-530. <http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/33998> http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WPN-4DV17GN-7X/2/e377972b14b180072468cb0bdb988944 https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/33998 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(72)90089-0 Quaternary Research IndexNoFollow Geology and Earth Sciences Science Article 1972 ftumdeepblue https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(72)90089-0 2023-07-31T20:48:29Z When the Wisconsin ice sheet stood at its maximum position, tundra vegetation bordered the ice sheet. In the eastern United States, tundra extended at least 300 km due south of the ice border at 2700 ft (800 m) elevation on the Allegheny plateau. Spruce and jack (and/or red) pine forest grew at lower elevations in Virginia. On the coastal plain, and farther south, in the piedmont of northern Georgia, jack pine dominated the forest vegetation over a large region.As the ice sheet receded, the vegetation underwent a series of changes. Coniferous forest was replaced by deciduous forest, beginning 13,600 B.P. in Georgia. The frequency of white pine began to increase in Virginia at about the same time, and the frequencies of deciduous trees, about 1000 yr later. On the Allegheny plateau, no change took place in the tundra vegetation until 12,700 B.P., when tundra was replaced by open, spruce woodland. Jack and/or red pine grew mixed with, or nearby, the spruce. Pollen from deciduous trees (mainly oak, ash, and hornbeam) reached the site in greater quantity than before. Possibly the increase indicates a change in prevailing wind direction.On the Allegheny plateau, 10,500 years ago, the boreal woodland was replaced by a mixed coniferus-deciduous forest which included white pine. At about the same time (or perhaps a thousand years later), a similar change occurred in Connecticut. At lower elevations in the Shenandoah Valley, spruce forests including white pine were replaced by oak and other hardwoods.In the early Holocene, at a time we unfortunately were not able to pinpoint by radiocarbon dating, deciduous forest began to grow on the Allegheny plateau. Later there was a series of changes in the composition of the forest. High frequencies of oak pollen occur throughout the sequence, with successive maxima of hemlock, beech, and finally, hickory. High percentages of chestnut pollen occur with a maximum approximately coincident with the maximum of beech. These changes are probably significant both from stratigraphic and ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Ice Sheet Tundra University of Michigan: Deep Blue Quaternary Research 2 4 506 530 |
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University of Michigan: Deep Blue |
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ftumdeepblue |
language |
English |
topic |
Geology and Earth Sciences Science |
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Geology and Earth Sciences Science Maxwell, Jean A. Davis, Margaret Bryan Pollen evidence of pleistocene and holocene vegetation on the Allegheny plateau, Maryland |
topic_facet |
Geology and Earth Sciences Science |
description |
When the Wisconsin ice sheet stood at its maximum position, tundra vegetation bordered the ice sheet. In the eastern United States, tundra extended at least 300 km due south of the ice border at 2700 ft (800 m) elevation on the Allegheny plateau. Spruce and jack (and/or red) pine forest grew at lower elevations in Virginia. On the coastal plain, and farther south, in the piedmont of northern Georgia, jack pine dominated the forest vegetation over a large region.As the ice sheet receded, the vegetation underwent a series of changes. Coniferous forest was replaced by deciduous forest, beginning 13,600 B.P. in Georgia. The frequency of white pine began to increase in Virginia at about the same time, and the frequencies of deciduous trees, about 1000 yr later. On the Allegheny plateau, no change took place in the tundra vegetation until 12,700 B.P., when tundra was replaced by open, spruce woodland. Jack and/or red pine grew mixed with, or nearby, the spruce. Pollen from deciduous trees (mainly oak, ash, and hornbeam) reached the site in greater quantity than before. Possibly the increase indicates a change in prevailing wind direction.On the Allegheny plateau, 10,500 years ago, the boreal woodland was replaced by a mixed coniferus-deciduous forest which included white pine. At about the same time (or perhaps a thousand years later), a similar change occurred in Connecticut. At lower elevations in the Shenandoah Valley, spruce forests including white pine were replaced by oak and other hardwoods.In the early Holocene, at a time we unfortunately were not able to pinpoint by radiocarbon dating, deciduous forest began to grow on the Allegheny plateau. Later there was a series of changes in the composition of the forest. High frequencies of oak pollen occur throughout the sequence, with successive maxima of hemlock, beech, and finally, hickory. High percentages of chestnut pollen occur with a maximum approximately coincident with the maximum of beech. These changes are probably significant both from stratigraphic and ... |
author2 |
Department of Anthropology, the University of Michigan, USA Great Lakes Research Division, the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Maxwell, Jean A. Davis, Margaret Bryan |
author_facet |
Maxwell, Jean A. Davis, Margaret Bryan |
author_sort |
Maxwell, Jean A. |
title |
Pollen evidence of pleistocene and holocene vegetation on the Allegheny plateau, Maryland |
title_short |
Pollen evidence of pleistocene and holocene vegetation on the Allegheny plateau, Maryland |
title_full |
Pollen evidence of pleistocene and holocene vegetation on the Allegheny plateau, Maryland |
title_fullStr |
Pollen evidence of pleistocene and holocene vegetation on the Allegheny plateau, Maryland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Pollen evidence of pleistocene and holocene vegetation on the Allegheny plateau, Maryland |
title_sort |
pollen evidence of pleistocene and holocene vegetation on the allegheny plateau, maryland |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
1972 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/33998 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WPN-4DV17GN-7X/2/e377972b14b180072468cb0bdb988944 https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(72)90089-0 |
genre |
Ice Sheet Tundra |
genre_facet |
Ice Sheet Tundra |
op_relation |
Maxwell, Jean A., Davis, Margaret Bryan (1972/12)."Pollen evidence of pleistocene and holocene vegetation on the Allegheny plateau, Maryland." Quaternary Research 2(4): 506-530. <http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/33998> http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WPN-4DV17GN-7X/2/e377972b14b180072468cb0bdb988944 https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/33998 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(72)90089-0 Quaternary Research |
op_rights |
IndexNoFollow |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(72)90089-0 |
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Quaternary Research |
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2 |
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4 |
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506 |
op_container_end_page |
530 |
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1774718735675817984 |