Melt inclusion constraints on petrogenesis of the 2014-2015 Holuhraun eruption, Iceland
The 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption, on the Bárðarbunga volcanic system in central Iceland, was one of the best-monitored basaltic fissure eruptions that has ever occurred, and presents a unique opportunity to link petrological and geochemical data with geophysical observations during a major rifting e...
Published in: | Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology |
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ftumanchesterpub:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/f69109f6-5514-4620-b58a-5f6fb5ebb2f0 2023-11-12T04:19:09+01:00 Melt inclusion constraints on petrogenesis of the 2014-2015 Holuhraun eruption, Iceland Hartley, Margaret E. Bali, Eniko Maclennan, John Neave, David Halldórsson, Sæmundur A. 2018-01-12 https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/f69109f6-5514-4620-b58a-5f6fb5ebb2f0 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-017-1435-0 eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Hartley , M E , Bali , E , Maclennan , J , Neave , D & Halldórsson , S A 2018 , ' Melt inclusion constraints on petrogenesis of the 2014-2015 Holuhraun eruption, Iceland ' , Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology , vol. 173 , no. 2 , 10 . https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-017-1435-0 Iceland Holuhraun melt inclusions Crystallization melt barometry article 2018 ftumanchesterpub https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-017-1435-0 2023-10-30T09:16:35Z The 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption, on the Bárðarbunga volcanic system in central Iceland, was one of the best-monitored basaltic fissure eruptions that has ever occurred, and presents a unique opportunity to link petrological and geochemical data with geophysical observations during a major rifting episode. We present major and trace element analyses of melt inclusions and matrix glasses from a suite of ten samples collected over the course of the Holuhraun eruption. The diversity of trace element ratios such as La/Yb in Holuhraun melt inclusions reveals that the magma evolved via concurrent mixing and crystallization of diverse primary melts in the mid-crust. Using olivine–plagioclase–augite–melt (OPAM) barometry, we calculate that the Holuhraun carrier melt equilibrated at 2.1 ± 0.7 kbar (7.5 ± 2.5 km), which is in agreement with the depths of earthquakes (6 ± 1 km) between Bárðarbunga central volcano and the eruption site in the days preceding eruption onset. Using the same approach, melt inclusions equilibrated at pressures between 0.5 and 8.0 kbar, with the most probable pressure being 3.2 kbar. Diffusion chronometry reveals minimum residence timescales of 1–12 days for melt inclusion-bearing macrocrysts in the Holuhraun carrier melt. By combining timescales of diffusive dehydration of melt inclusions with the calculated pressure of H2O saturation for the Holuhraun magma, we calculate indicative magma ascent rates of 0.12–0.29 m s−1. Our petrological and geochemical data are consistent with lateral magma transport from Bárðarbunga volcano to the eruption site in a shallow- to mid-crustal dyke, as has been suggested on the basis of seismic and geodetic datasets. This result is a significant step forward in reconciling petrological and geophysical interpretations of magma transport during volcano-tectonic episodes, and provides a critical framework for the interpretation of premonitory seismic and geodetic data in volcanically active regions. Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland The University of Manchester: Research Explorer Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 173 2 |
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Open Polar |
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The University of Manchester: Research Explorer |
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ftumanchesterpub |
language |
English |
topic |
Iceland Holuhraun melt inclusions Crystallization melt barometry |
spellingShingle |
Iceland Holuhraun melt inclusions Crystallization melt barometry Hartley, Margaret E. Bali, Eniko Maclennan, John Neave, David Halldórsson, Sæmundur A. Melt inclusion constraints on petrogenesis of the 2014-2015 Holuhraun eruption, Iceland |
topic_facet |
Iceland Holuhraun melt inclusions Crystallization melt barometry |
description |
The 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption, on the Bárðarbunga volcanic system in central Iceland, was one of the best-monitored basaltic fissure eruptions that has ever occurred, and presents a unique opportunity to link petrological and geochemical data with geophysical observations during a major rifting episode. We present major and trace element analyses of melt inclusions and matrix glasses from a suite of ten samples collected over the course of the Holuhraun eruption. The diversity of trace element ratios such as La/Yb in Holuhraun melt inclusions reveals that the magma evolved via concurrent mixing and crystallization of diverse primary melts in the mid-crust. Using olivine–plagioclase–augite–melt (OPAM) barometry, we calculate that the Holuhraun carrier melt equilibrated at 2.1 ± 0.7 kbar (7.5 ± 2.5 km), which is in agreement with the depths of earthquakes (6 ± 1 km) between Bárðarbunga central volcano and the eruption site in the days preceding eruption onset. Using the same approach, melt inclusions equilibrated at pressures between 0.5 and 8.0 kbar, with the most probable pressure being 3.2 kbar. Diffusion chronometry reveals minimum residence timescales of 1–12 days for melt inclusion-bearing macrocrysts in the Holuhraun carrier melt. By combining timescales of diffusive dehydration of melt inclusions with the calculated pressure of H2O saturation for the Holuhraun magma, we calculate indicative magma ascent rates of 0.12–0.29 m s−1. Our petrological and geochemical data are consistent with lateral magma transport from Bárðarbunga volcano to the eruption site in a shallow- to mid-crustal dyke, as has been suggested on the basis of seismic and geodetic datasets. This result is a significant step forward in reconciling petrological and geophysical interpretations of magma transport during volcano-tectonic episodes, and provides a critical framework for the interpretation of premonitory seismic and geodetic data in volcanically active regions. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hartley, Margaret E. Bali, Eniko Maclennan, John Neave, David Halldórsson, Sæmundur A. |
author_facet |
Hartley, Margaret E. Bali, Eniko Maclennan, John Neave, David Halldórsson, Sæmundur A. |
author_sort |
Hartley, Margaret E. |
title |
Melt inclusion constraints on petrogenesis of the 2014-2015 Holuhraun eruption, Iceland |
title_short |
Melt inclusion constraints on petrogenesis of the 2014-2015 Holuhraun eruption, Iceland |
title_full |
Melt inclusion constraints on petrogenesis of the 2014-2015 Holuhraun eruption, Iceland |
title_fullStr |
Melt inclusion constraints on petrogenesis of the 2014-2015 Holuhraun eruption, Iceland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Melt inclusion constraints on petrogenesis of the 2014-2015 Holuhraun eruption, Iceland |
title_sort |
melt inclusion constraints on petrogenesis of the 2014-2015 holuhraun eruption, iceland |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/f69109f6-5514-4620-b58a-5f6fb5ebb2f0 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-017-1435-0 |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_source |
Hartley , M E , Bali , E , Maclennan , J , Neave , D & Halldórsson , S A 2018 , ' Melt inclusion constraints on petrogenesis of the 2014-2015 Holuhraun eruption, Iceland ' , Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology , vol. 173 , no. 2 , 10 . https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-017-1435-0 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-017-1435-0 |
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Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology |
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173 |
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1782335663413133312 |