Spring photosynthetic onset and net CO2 uptake in Alaska triggered by landscape thawing
The springtime transition to regional-scale onset of photosynthesis and net ecosystem carbon uptake in boreal and tundra ecosystems are linked to the soil freeze-thaw state. We present evidence from diagnostic and inversion models constrained by satellite fluorescence and airborne CO2 from 2012 to 2...
Published in: | Global Change Biology |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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Wiley-Blackwell
2018
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Online Access: | https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/ea6a9bd2-5f1b-47a6-b4a5-d6f3f8d6ba59 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14283 |
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ftulundlup:oai:lup.lub.lu.se:ea6a9bd2-5f1b-47a6-b4a5-d6f3f8d6ba59 2024-05-19T07:45:43+00:00 Spring photosynthetic onset and net CO2 uptake in Alaska triggered by landscape thawing Parazoo, Nicholas C. Arneth, Almut Pugh, Thomas A.M. Smith, Ben Steiner, Nicholas Luus, Kristina Commane, Roisin Benmergui, Josh Stofferahn, Eric Liu, Junjie Rödenbeck, Christian Kawa, Randy Euskirchen, Eugenie Zona, Donatella Arndt, Kyle Oechel, Walt Miller, Charles 2018-08 https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/ea6a9bd2-5f1b-47a6-b4a5-d6f3f8d6ba59 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14283 eng eng Wiley-Blackwell https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/ea6a9bd2-5f1b-47a6-b4a5-d6f3f8d6ba59 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14283 pmid:29688596 scopus:85047660466 Global Change Biology; 24(8), pp 3416-3435 (2018) ISSN: 1354-1013 Geosciences Multidisciplinary Boreal Carbon cycle Eddy covariance Freeze-thaw Inversion Remote sensing Tundra Vegetation fluorescence contributiontojournal/article info:eu-repo/semantics/article text 2018 ftulundlup https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14283 2024-04-30T23:32:16Z The springtime transition to regional-scale onset of photosynthesis and net ecosystem carbon uptake in boreal and tundra ecosystems are linked to the soil freeze-thaw state. We present evidence from diagnostic and inversion models constrained by satellite fluorescence and airborne CO2 from 2012 to 2014 indicating the timing and magnitude of spring carbon uptake in Alaska correlates with landscape thaw and ecoregion. Landscape thaw in boreal forests typically occurs in late April (DOY 111 ± 7) with a 29 ± 6 day lag until photosynthetic onset. North Slope tundra thaws 3 weeks later (DOY 133 ± 5) but experiences only a 20 ± 5 day lag until photosynthetic onset. These time lag differences reflect efficient cold season adaptation in tundra shrub and the longer dehardening period for boreal evergreens. Despite the short transition from thaw to photosynthetic onset in tundra, synchrony of tundra respiration with snow melt and landscape thaw delays the transition from net carbon loss (at photosynthetic onset) to net uptake by 13 ± 7 days, thus reducing the tundra net carbon uptake period. Two global CO2 inversions using a CASA-GFED model prior estimate earlier northern high latitude net carbon uptake compared to our regional inversion, which we attribute to (i) early photosynthetic-onset model prior bias, (ii) inverse method (scaling factor + optimization window), and (iii) sparsity of available Alaskan CO2 observations. Another global inversion with zero prior estimates the same timing for net carbon uptake as the regional model but smaller seasonal amplitude. The analysis of Alaskan eddy covariance observations confirms regional scale findings for tundra, but indicates that photosynthesis and net carbon uptake occur up to 1 month earlier in evergreens than captured by models or CO2 inversions, with better correlation to above-freezing air temperature than date of primary thaw. Further collection and analysis of boreal evergreen species over multiple years and at additional subarctic flux towers are critically needed. Article in Journal/Newspaper north slope Subarctic Tundra Alaska Lund University Publications (LUP) Global Change Biology 24 8 3416 3435 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Lund University Publications (LUP) |
op_collection_id |
ftulundlup |
language |
English |
topic |
Geosciences Multidisciplinary Boreal Carbon cycle Eddy covariance Freeze-thaw Inversion Remote sensing Tundra Vegetation fluorescence |
spellingShingle |
Geosciences Multidisciplinary Boreal Carbon cycle Eddy covariance Freeze-thaw Inversion Remote sensing Tundra Vegetation fluorescence Parazoo, Nicholas C. Arneth, Almut Pugh, Thomas A.M. Smith, Ben Steiner, Nicholas Luus, Kristina Commane, Roisin Benmergui, Josh Stofferahn, Eric Liu, Junjie Rödenbeck, Christian Kawa, Randy Euskirchen, Eugenie Zona, Donatella Arndt, Kyle Oechel, Walt Miller, Charles Spring photosynthetic onset and net CO2 uptake in Alaska triggered by landscape thawing |
topic_facet |
Geosciences Multidisciplinary Boreal Carbon cycle Eddy covariance Freeze-thaw Inversion Remote sensing Tundra Vegetation fluorescence |
description |
The springtime transition to regional-scale onset of photosynthesis and net ecosystem carbon uptake in boreal and tundra ecosystems are linked to the soil freeze-thaw state. We present evidence from diagnostic and inversion models constrained by satellite fluorescence and airborne CO2 from 2012 to 2014 indicating the timing and magnitude of spring carbon uptake in Alaska correlates with landscape thaw and ecoregion. Landscape thaw in boreal forests typically occurs in late April (DOY 111 ± 7) with a 29 ± 6 day lag until photosynthetic onset. North Slope tundra thaws 3 weeks later (DOY 133 ± 5) but experiences only a 20 ± 5 day lag until photosynthetic onset. These time lag differences reflect efficient cold season adaptation in tundra shrub and the longer dehardening period for boreal evergreens. Despite the short transition from thaw to photosynthetic onset in tundra, synchrony of tundra respiration with snow melt and landscape thaw delays the transition from net carbon loss (at photosynthetic onset) to net uptake by 13 ± 7 days, thus reducing the tundra net carbon uptake period. Two global CO2 inversions using a CASA-GFED model prior estimate earlier northern high latitude net carbon uptake compared to our regional inversion, which we attribute to (i) early photosynthetic-onset model prior bias, (ii) inverse method (scaling factor + optimization window), and (iii) sparsity of available Alaskan CO2 observations. Another global inversion with zero prior estimates the same timing for net carbon uptake as the regional model but smaller seasonal amplitude. The analysis of Alaskan eddy covariance observations confirms regional scale findings for tundra, but indicates that photosynthesis and net carbon uptake occur up to 1 month earlier in evergreens than captured by models or CO2 inversions, with better correlation to above-freezing air temperature than date of primary thaw. Further collection and analysis of boreal evergreen species over multiple years and at additional subarctic flux towers are critically needed. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Parazoo, Nicholas C. Arneth, Almut Pugh, Thomas A.M. Smith, Ben Steiner, Nicholas Luus, Kristina Commane, Roisin Benmergui, Josh Stofferahn, Eric Liu, Junjie Rödenbeck, Christian Kawa, Randy Euskirchen, Eugenie Zona, Donatella Arndt, Kyle Oechel, Walt Miller, Charles |
author_facet |
Parazoo, Nicholas C. Arneth, Almut Pugh, Thomas A.M. Smith, Ben Steiner, Nicholas Luus, Kristina Commane, Roisin Benmergui, Josh Stofferahn, Eric Liu, Junjie Rödenbeck, Christian Kawa, Randy Euskirchen, Eugenie Zona, Donatella Arndt, Kyle Oechel, Walt Miller, Charles |
author_sort |
Parazoo, Nicholas C. |
title |
Spring photosynthetic onset and net CO2 uptake in Alaska triggered by landscape thawing |
title_short |
Spring photosynthetic onset and net CO2 uptake in Alaska triggered by landscape thawing |
title_full |
Spring photosynthetic onset and net CO2 uptake in Alaska triggered by landscape thawing |
title_fullStr |
Spring photosynthetic onset and net CO2 uptake in Alaska triggered by landscape thawing |
title_full_unstemmed |
Spring photosynthetic onset and net CO2 uptake in Alaska triggered by landscape thawing |
title_sort |
spring photosynthetic onset and net co2 uptake in alaska triggered by landscape thawing |
publisher |
Wiley-Blackwell |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/ea6a9bd2-5f1b-47a6-b4a5-d6f3f8d6ba59 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14283 |
genre |
north slope Subarctic Tundra Alaska |
genre_facet |
north slope Subarctic Tundra Alaska |
op_source |
Global Change Biology; 24(8), pp 3416-3435 (2018) ISSN: 1354-1013 |
op_relation |
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/ea6a9bd2-5f1b-47a6-b4a5-d6f3f8d6ba59 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14283 pmid:29688596 scopus:85047660466 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14283 |
container_title |
Global Change Biology |
container_volume |
24 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
3416 |
op_container_end_page |
3435 |
_version_ |
1799485813449293824 |