Evolutionary model for glacial lake-outburst fans at the ice-sheet front : Development of meltwater outlets and origins of bedforms
Large-scale landforms originated from jökulhlaups or glacial lake-outburst floods (GLOFs), and their small-scale components help in recognising the sedimentary environment of the flood. The GLOF fans that developed along the Pleistocene ice-sheet margin have not been investigated in detail, and nort...
Published in: | Geomorphology |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024
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Online Access: | https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/8f7df9a5-d8dd-4769-85a8-7f0bd1704918 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2024.109125 |
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ftulundlup:oai:lup.lub.lu.se:8f7df9a5-d8dd-4769-85a8-7f0bd1704918 2024-04-28T08:24:56+00:00 Evolutionary model for glacial lake-outburst fans at the ice-sheet front : Development of meltwater outlets and origins of bedforms Weckwerth, Piotr Kalińska, Edyta Wysota, Wojciech Krawiec, Arkadiusz Alexanderson, Helena Chabowski, Marek 2024-05-15 https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/8f7df9a5-d8dd-4769-85a8-7f0bd1704918 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2024.109125 eng eng Elsevier https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/8f7df9a5-d8dd-4769-85a8-7f0bd1704918 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2024.109125 scopus:85186990191 Geomorphology; 453, no 109125 (2024) ISSN: 0169-555X Geology Glacial curvilineation Glacial lake-outburst flood Meltwater outlet Outburst fan Poland Weichselian glaciation contributiontojournal/article info:eu-repo/semantics/article text 2024 ftulundlup https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2024.109125 2024-04-09T23:55:45Z Large-scale landforms originated from jökulhlaups or glacial lake-outburst floods (GLOFs), and their small-scale components help in recognising the sedimentary environment of the flood. The GLOF fans that developed along the Pleistocene ice-sheet margin have not been investigated in detail, and north-eastern Poland, with its Megaflood Landform System and Bachanowo and Szeszupka fans, seems ideal for landform and sedimentary studies. This paper provides (1) an important opportunity to recognise the origins of glacier lake-outburst flood outlets and their evolution during two GLOFs and (2) a model of the origin of ice-marginal fans considering changes in sedimentary environment reflecting flood stages. During the first GLOF (GLOF1), the rising stage of meltwater burst triggered the formation of a supraglacial outlet and the development of the Szeszupka outburst fan. During the pulsed peak discharge, subglacial multi-channelised meltwater outburst caused the formation of the Bachanowo Gate, which was finally transformed at the flood waning stage. Such processes were associated with the widening of the floodwater subglacial routeway, when floodwater outlets rapidly spread across the glacier snout. In contrast, GLOF2 was responsible only for the Szeszupka fan erosion and development of outburst terraces. The small-scale bedforms continuum, recognised on the outburst fan surface, is associated with the development of streamlined erosional residuals, scours and their trains during the rising stage and peak discharge, while the waning stage and very end of flood conditions were favourable to the formation of pendant bars, distributive channels with erosional bars and chute bars, regardless of the feeding systems of the outburst fans. The fan deposits were OSL-dated and revealed either, likely, overly old ages or an age of 13.2 ± 0.9 ka. The latter age would imply the ‘normal’ meltwater outflow having a correlation with the events in the region. Nevertheless, this age might be considered a minimum age of the flood. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ice Sheet Lund University Publications (LUP) Geomorphology 453 109125 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Lund University Publications (LUP) |
op_collection_id |
ftulundlup |
language |
English |
topic |
Geology Glacial curvilineation Glacial lake-outburst flood Meltwater outlet Outburst fan Poland Weichselian glaciation |
spellingShingle |
Geology Glacial curvilineation Glacial lake-outburst flood Meltwater outlet Outburst fan Poland Weichselian glaciation Weckwerth, Piotr Kalińska, Edyta Wysota, Wojciech Krawiec, Arkadiusz Alexanderson, Helena Chabowski, Marek Evolutionary model for glacial lake-outburst fans at the ice-sheet front : Development of meltwater outlets and origins of bedforms |
topic_facet |
Geology Glacial curvilineation Glacial lake-outburst flood Meltwater outlet Outburst fan Poland Weichselian glaciation |
description |
Large-scale landforms originated from jökulhlaups or glacial lake-outburst floods (GLOFs), and their small-scale components help in recognising the sedimentary environment of the flood. The GLOF fans that developed along the Pleistocene ice-sheet margin have not been investigated in detail, and north-eastern Poland, with its Megaflood Landform System and Bachanowo and Szeszupka fans, seems ideal for landform and sedimentary studies. This paper provides (1) an important opportunity to recognise the origins of glacier lake-outburst flood outlets and their evolution during two GLOFs and (2) a model of the origin of ice-marginal fans considering changes in sedimentary environment reflecting flood stages. During the first GLOF (GLOF1), the rising stage of meltwater burst triggered the formation of a supraglacial outlet and the development of the Szeszupka outburst fan. During the pulsed peak discharge, subglacial multi-channelised meltwater outburst caused the formation of the Bachanowo Gate, which was finally transformed at the flood waning stage. Such processes were associated with the widening of the floodwater subglacial routeway, when floodwater outlets rapidly spread across the glacier snout. In contrast, GLOF2 was responsible only for the Szeszupka fan erosion and development of outburst terraces. The small-scale bedforms continuum, recognised on the outburst fan surface, is associated with the development of streamlined erosional residuals, scours and their trains during the rising stage and peak discharge, while the waning stage and very end of flood conditions were favourable to the formation of pendant bars, distributive channels with erosional bars and chute bars, regardless of the feeding systems of the outburst fans. The fan deposits were OSL-dated and revealed either, likely, overly old ages or an age of 13.2 ± 0.9 ka. The latter age would imply the ‘normal’ meltwater outflow having a correlation with the events in the region. Nevertheless, this age might be considered a minimum age of the flood. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Weckwerth, Piotr Kalińska, Edyta Wysota, Wojciech Krawiec, Arkadiusz Alexanderson, Helena Chabowski, Marek |
author_facet |
Weckwerth, Piotr Kalińska, Edyta Wysota, Wojciech Krawiec, Arkadiusz Alexanderson, Helena Chabowski, Marek |
author_sort |
Weckwerth, Piotr |
title |
Evolutionary model for glacial lake-outburst fans at the ice-sheet front : Development of meltwater outlets and origins of bedforms |
title_short |
Evolutionary model for glacial lake-outburst fans at the ice-sheet front : Development of meltwater outlets and origins of bedforms |
title_full |
Evolutionary model for glacial lake-outburst fans at the ice-sheet front : Development of meltwater outlets and origins of bedforms |
title_fullStr |
Evolutionary model for glacial lake-outburst fans at the ice-sheet front : Development of meltwater outlets and origins of bedforms |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evolutionary model for glacial lake-outburst fans at the ice-sheet front : Development of meltwater outlets and origins of bedforms |
title_sort |
evolutionary model for glacial lake-outburst fans at the ice-sheet front : development of meltwater outlets and origins of bedforms |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/8f7df9a5-d8dd-4769-85a8-7f0bd1704918 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2024.109125 |
genre |
Ice Sheet |
genre_facet |
Ice Sheet |
op_source |
Geomorphology; 453, no 109125 (2024) ISSN: 0169-555X |
op_relation |
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/8f7df9a5-d8dd-4769-85a8-7f0bd1704918 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2024.109125 scopus:85186990191 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2024.109125 |
container_title |
Geomorphology |
container_volume |
453 |
container_start_page |
109125 |
_version_ |
1797584931419848704 |