An assessment of the carbon balance of Arctic tundra: comparisons among observations, process models, and atmospheric inversions
Although Arctic tundra has been estimated to cover only 8% of the global land surface, the large and potentially labile carbon pools currently stored in tundra soils have the potential for large emissions of carbon (C) under a warming climate. These emissions as radiatively active greenhouse gases i...
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Online Access: | https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/3147358 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-3185-2012 |
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ftulundlup:oai:lup.lub.lu.se:634a55a9-948b-450f-9e02-0635be46e549 2023-05-15T14:41:19+02:00 An assessment of the carbon balance of Arctic tundra: comparisons among observations, process models, and atmospheric inversions McGuire, A. D. Christensen, Torben Hayes, D. Heroult, Arnaud Euskirchen, E. Kimball, J. S. Koven, C. Lafleur, P. Miller, Paul Oechel, W. Peylin, P. Williams, M. Yi, Y. 2012 https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/3147358 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-3185-2012 eng eng Copernicus GmbH https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/3147358 http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-3185-2012 wos:000308290200024 scopus:84867459354 Biogeosciences; 9(8), pp 3185-3204 (2012) ISSN: 1726-4189 Physical Geography contributiontojournal/article info:eu-repo/semantics/article text 2012 ftulundlup https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-3185-2012 2023-02-01T23:29:46Z Although Arctic tundra has been estimated to cover only 8% of the global land surface, the large and potentially labile carbon pools currently stored in tundra soils have the potential for large emissions of carbon (C) under a warming climate. These emissions as radiatively active greenhouse gases in the form of both CO2 and CH4 could amplify global warming. Given the potential sensitivity of these ecosystems to climate change and the expectation that the Arctic will experience appreciable warming over the next century, it is important to assess whether responses of C exchange in tundra regions are likely to enhance or mitigate warming. In this study we compared analyses of C exchange of Arctic tundra between 1990 and 2006 among observations, regional and global applications of process-based terrestrial biosphere models, and atmospheric inversion models. Syntheses of flux observations and inversion models indicate that the annual exchange of CO2 between Arctic tundra and the atmosphere has large uncertainties that cannot be distinguished from neutral balance. The mean estimate from an ensemble of process-based model simulations suggests that Arctic tundra has acted as a sink for atmospheric CO2 in recent decades, but based on the uncertainty estimates it cannot be determined with confidence whether these ecosystems represent a weak or a strong sink. Tundra was 0.6 A degrees C warmer in the 2000s compared to the 1990s. The central estimates of the observations, process-based models, and inversion models each identify stronger sinks in the 2000s compared with the 1990s. Some of the process models indicate that this occurred because net primary production increased more in response to warming than heterotrophic respiration. Similarly, the observations and the applications of regional process-based models suggest that CH4 emissions from Arctic tundra have increased from the 1990s to 2000s because of the sensitivity of CH4 emissions to warmer temperatures. Based on our analyses of the estimates from observations, ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Climate change Global warming Tundra Lund University Publications (LUP) Arctic Biogeosciences 9 8 3185 3204 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Lund University Publications (LUP) |
op_collection_id |
ftulundlup |
language |
English |
topic |
Physical Geography |
spellingShingle |
Physical Geography McGuire, A. D. Christensen, Torben Hayes, D. Heroult, Arnaud Euskirchen, E. Kimball, J. S. Koven, C. Lafleur, P. Miller, Paul Oechel, W. Peylin, P. Williams, M. Yi, Y. An assessment of the carbon balance of Arctic tundra: comparisons among observations, process models, and atmospheric inversions |
topic_facet |
Physical Geography |
description |
Although Arctic tundra has been estimated to cover only 8% of the global land surface, the large and potentially labile carbon pools currently stored in tundra soils have the potential for large emissions of carbon (C) under a warming climate. These emissions as radiatively active greenhouse gases in the form of both CO2 and CH4 could amplify global warming. Given the potential sensitivity of these ecosystems to climate change and the expectation that the Arctic will experience appreciable warming over the next century, it is important to assess whether responses of C exchange in tundra regions are likely to enhance or mitigate warming. In this study we compared analyses of C exchange of Arctic tundra between 1990 and 2006 among observations, regional and global applications of process-based terrestrial biosphere models, and atmospheric inversion models. Syntheses of flux observations and inversion models indicate that the annual exchange of CO2 between Arctic tundra and the atmosphere has large uncertainties that cannot be distinguished from neutral balance. The mean estimate from an ensemble of process-based model simulations suggests that Arctic tundra has acted as a sink for atmospheric CO2 in recent decades, but based on the uncertainty estimates it cannot be determined with confidence whether these ecosystems represent a weak or a strong sink. Tundra was 0.6 A degrees C warmer in the 2000s compared to the 1990s. The central estimates of the observations, process-based models, and inversion models each identify stronger sinks in the 2000s compared with the 1990s. Some of the process models indicate that this occurred because net primary production increased more in response to warming than heterotrophic respiration. Similarly, the observations and the applications of regional process-based models suggest that CH4 emissions from Arctic tundra have increased from the 1990s to 2000s because of the sensitivity of CH4 emissions to warmer temperatures. Based on our analyses of the estimates from observations, ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
McGuire, A. D. Christensen, Torben Hayes, D. Heroult, Arnaud Euskirchen, E. Kimball, J. S. Koven, C. Lafleur, P. Miller, Paul Oechel, W. Peylin, P. Williams, M. Yi, Y. |
author_facet |
McGuire, A. D. Christensen, Torben Hayes, D. Heroult, Arnaud Euskirchen, E. Kimball, J. S. Koven, C. Lafleur, P. Miller, Paul Oechel, W. Peylin, P. Williams, M. Yi, Y. |
author_sort |
McGuire, A. D. |
title |
An assessment of the carbon balance of Arctic tundra: comparisons among observations, process models, and atmospheric inversions |
title_short |
An assessment of the carbon balance of Arctic tundra: comparisons among observations, process models, and atmospheric inversions |
title_full |
An assessment of the carbon balance of Arctic tundra: comparisons among observations, process models, and atmospheric inversions |
title_fullStr |
An assessment of the carbon balance of Arctic tundra: comparisons among observations, process models, and atmospheric inversions |
title_full_unstemmed |
An assessment of the carbon balance of Arctic tundra: comparisons among observations, process models, and atmospheric inversions |
title_sort |
assessment of the carbon balance of arctic tundra: comparisons among observations, process models, and atmospheric inversions |
publisher |
Copernicus GmbH |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/3147358 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-3185-2012 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Global warming Tundra |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Global warming Tundra |
op_source |
Biogeosciences; 9(8), pp 3185-3204 (2012) ISSN: 1726-4189 |
op_relation |
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/3147358 http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-3185-2012 wos:000308290200024 scopus:84867459354 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-3185-2012 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
3185 |
op_container_end_page |
3204 |
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1766313113959792640 |