Toxicity characterisation of Gambierdiscus species from the Canary Islands
In the last decade, several outbreaks of ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) have been reported in the Canary Islands (central northeast Atlantic Ocean), confirming ciguatera as an emerging alimentary risk in this region. Five Gambierdiscus species, G. australes, G. excentricus, G. silvae, G. carolinianu...
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MDPI AG
2020
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Online Access: | https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/157d8265-635e-4901-9cb3-014058a9a0a0 https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12020134 |
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ftulundlup:oai:lup.lub.lu.se:157d8265-635e-4901-9cb3-014058a9a0a0 2024-05-19T07:45:50+00:00 Toxicity characterisation of Gambierdiscus species from the Canary Islands Rossignoli, Araceli E. Tudó, Angels Bravo, Isabel Díaz, Patricio A. Diogène, Jorge Riobó, Pilar 2020 https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/157d8265-635e-4901-9cb3-014058a9a0a0 https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12020134 eng eng MDPI AG https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/157d8265-635e-4901-9cb3-014058a9a0a0 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12020134 scopus:85081200498 pmid:32098095 Toxins; 12(2), no 134 (2020) ISSN: 2072-6651 Microbiology Food Science Canary Islands Ciguatera Ciguatoxins Erythrocyte lysis assay Maitotoxins Neuroblastoma cytotoxicity assay contributiontojournal/article info:eu-repo/semantics/article text 2020 ftulundlup https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12020134 2024-04-23T23:58:21Z In the last decade, several outbreaks of ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) have been reported in the Canary Islands (central northeast Atlantic Ocean), confirming ciguatera as an emerging alimentary risk in this region. Five Gambierdiscus species, G. australes, G. excentricus, G. silvae, G. carolinianus and G. caribaeus, have been detected in macrophytes from this area and are known to produce the ciguatoxins (CTXs) that cause CFP. A characterization of the toxicity of these species is the first step in identifying locations in the Canary Islands at risk of CFP. Therefore, in this study the toxicity of 63 strains of these five Gambierdiscus species were analysed using the erythrocyte lysis assay to evaluate their maitotoxin (MTX) content. In addition, 20 of the strains were also analysed in a neuroblastoma Neuro-2a (N2a) cytotoxicity assay to determine their CTX-like toxicity. The results allowed the different species to be grouped according to their ratios of CTX-like and MTX-like toxicity. MTX-like toxicity was especially high in G. excentricus and G. australes but much lower in the other species and lowest in G. silvae. CTX-like toxicity was highest in G. excentricus, which produced the toxin in amounts ranging between 128.2 ± 25.68 and 510.6 ± 134.2 fg CTX1B equivalents (eq) cell-1 (mean ± SD). In the other species, CTX concentrations were as follows: G. carolinianus (100.84 ± 18.05 fg CTX1B eq cell-1), G. australes (31.1 ± 0.56 to 107.16 ± 21.88 fg CTX1B eq cell-1), G. silvae (12.19 ± 0.62 to 76.79 ± 4.97 fg CTX1B eq cell-1) and G. caribaeus (<LOD to 90.37 ± 15.89 fg CTX1B eq cell-1). Unlike the similar CTX-like toxicity of G. australes and G. silvae strains from different locations, G. excentricus and G. caribaeus differed considerably according to the origin of the strain. These differences emphasise the importance of species identification to assess the regional risk of CFP. Article in Journal/Newspaper Northeast Atlantic Lund University Publications (LUP) Toxins 12 2 134 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Lund University Publications (LUP) |
op_collection_id |
ftulundlup |
language |
English |
topic |
Microbiology Food Science Canary Islands Ciguatera Ciguatoxins Erythrocyte lysis assay Maitotoxins Neuroblastoma cytotoxicity assay |
spellingShingle |
Microbiology Food Science Canary Islands Ciguatera Ciguatoxins Erythrocyte lysis assay Maitotoxins Neuroblastoma cytotoxicity assay Rossignoli, Araceli E. Tudó, Angels Bravo, Isabel Díaz, Patricio A. Diogène, Jorge Riobó, Pilar Toxicity characterisation of Gambierdiscus species from the Canary Islands |
topic_facet |
Microbiology Food Science Canary Islands Ciguatera Ciguatoxins Erythrocyte lysis assay Maitotoxins Neuroblastoma cytotoxicity assay |
description |
In the last decade, several outbreaks of ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) have been reported in the Canary Islands (central northeast Atlantic Ocean), confirming ciguatera as an emerging alimentary risk in this region. Five Gambierdiscus species, G. australes, G. excentricus, G. silvae, G. carolinianus and G. caribaeus, have been detected in macrophytes from this area and are known to produce the ciguatoxins (CTXs) that cause CFP. A characterization of the toxicity of these species is the first step in identifying locations in the Canary Islands at risk of CFP. Therefore, in this study the toxicity of 63 strains of these five Gambierdiscus species were analysed using the erythrocyte lysis assay to evaluate their maitotoxin (MTX) content. In addition, 20 of the strains were also analysed in a neuroblastoma Neuro-2a (N2a) cytotoxicity assay to determine their CTX-like toxicity. The results allowed the different species to be grouped according to their ratios of CTX-like and MTX-like toxicity. MTX-like toxicity was especially high in G. excentricus and G. australes but much lower in the other species and lowest in G. silvae. CTX-like toxicity was highest in G. excentricus, which produced the toxin in amounts ranging between 128.2 ± 25.68 and 510.6 ± 134.2 fg CTX1B equivalents (eq) cell-1 (mean ± SD). In the other species, CTX concentrations were as follows: G. carolinianus (100.84 ± 18.05 fg CTX1B eq cell-1), G. australes (31.1 ± 0.56 to 107.16 ± 21.88 fg CTX1B eq cell-1), G. silvae (12.19 ± 0.62 to 76.79 ± 4.97 fg CTX1B eq cell-1) and G. caribaeus (<LOD to 90.37 ± 15.89 fg CTX1B eq cell-1). Unlike the similar CTX-like toxicity of G. australes and G. silvae strains from different locations, G. excentricus and G. caribaeus differed considerably according to the origin of the strain. These differences emphasise the importance of species identification to assess the regional risk of CFP. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rossignoli, Araceli E. Tudó, Angels Bravo, Isabel Díaz, Patricio A. Diogène, Jorge Riobó, Pilar |
author_facet |
Rossignoli, Araceli E. Tudó, Angels Bravo, Isabel Díaz, Patricio A. Diogène, Jorge Riobó, Pilar |
author_sort |
Rossignoli, Araceli E. |
title |
Toxicity characterisation of Gambierdiscus species from the Canary Islands |
title_short |
Toxicity characterisation of Gambierdiscus species from the Canary Islands |
title_full |
Toxicity characterisation of Gambierdiscus species from the Canary Islands |
title_fullStr |
Toxicity characterisation of Gambierdiscus species from the Canary Islands |
title_full_unstemmed |
Toxicity characterisation of Gambierdiscus species from the Canary Islands |
title_sort |
toxicity characterisation of gambierdiscus species from the canary islands |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/157d8265-635e-4901-9cb3-014058a9a0a0 https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12020134 |
genre |
Northeast Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Northeast Atlantic |
op_source |
Toxins; 12(2), no 134 (2020) ISSN: 2072-6651 |
op_relation |
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/157d8265-635e-4901-9cb3-014058a9a0a0 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12020134 scopus:85081200498 pmid:32098095 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12020134 |
container_title |
Toxins |
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12 |
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2 |
container_start_page |
134 |
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1799485964059410432 |