Human-carnivore coexistence in a traditional rural landscape
Facilitating human-carnivore coexistence is a major conservation concern in human-dominated landscapes worldwide. Useful insights could be gained by studying and understanding the dynamics of human-carnivore coexistence in landscapes in which carnivores and humans have coexisted for a long time. We...
Published in: | Landscape Ecology |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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Language: | English |
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2014
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Online Access: | http://fox.leuphana.de/portal/de/publications/humancarnivore-coexistence-in-a-traditional-rural-landscape(2f3b3882-7e65-49d9-b23a-771461401fb0).html https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-014-0048-5 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84904987822&partnerID=8YFLogxK |
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ftuluenebcrispub:oai:pure.leuphana.de:publications/2f3b3882-7e65-49d9-b23a-771461401fb0 2023-05-15T18:41:57+02:00 Human-carnivore coexistence in a traditional rural landscape Dorresteijn, Ine Hanspach, Jan Kecskés, Attila Latková, Hana Mezey, Zsófia Sugár, Szilárd von Wehrden, Henrik Fischer, Joern 2014 http://fox.leuphana.de/portal/de/publications/humancarnivore-coexistence-in-a-traditional-rural-landscape(2f3b3882-7e65-49d9-b23a-771461401fb0).html https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-014-0048-5 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84904987822&partnerID=8YFLogxK eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess Dorresteijn , I , Hanspach , J , Kecskés , A , Latková , H , Mezey , Z , Sugár , S , von Wehrden , H & Fischer , J 2014 , ' Human-carnivore coexistence in a traditional rural landscape ' , Landscape Ecology , vol. 29 , no. 7 , pp. 1145-1155 . https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-014-0048-5 /dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/nachhaltigkeitswissenschaft Sustainability Science Carnivore conservation Eastern Europe Human-carnivore coexistence Human-dominated landscapes Ursus arctos Wildlife conflicts article 2014 ftuluenebcrispub https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-014-0048-5 2021-07-30T08:26:08Z Facilitating human-carnivore coexistence is a major conservation concern in human-dominated landscapes worldwide. Useful insights could be gained by studying and understanding the dynamics of human-carnivore coexistence in landscapes in which carnivores and humans have coexisted for a long time. We used a two-pronged approach combining ecological and social data to study coexistence of the brown bear (Ursus arctos) and humans in Transylvania, Romania. First, we surveyed 554 km of walking transects to estimate activity via a bear sign index, namely the proportion of anthills disturbed by bears, and used spatially explicit predictive models to test which biophysical and anthropogenic variables influenced bear activity. Second, we interviewed 86 shepherds and 359 villagers and community representatives to assess conflicts with bears and attitudes of shepherds towards bears. Our interdisciplinary study showed that bears and humans coexisted relatively peacefully despite occasional conflicts. Coexistence appeared to be facilitated by: (1) the availability of large forest blocks that are connected to the source population of bears in the Carpathian Mountains; (2) the use of traditional livestock management to minimize damage from bears; and (3) some tolerance among shepherds to occasional conflict with bears. In contrast, bear activity was unrelated to human settlements, and compensation for livestock losses did not influence people's attitudes toward bears. Our study shows that coexistence of humans and carnivores is possible, even without direct economic incentives. A key challenge for settings with a discontinuous history of human-carnivore coexistence is to reinstate both practices and attitudes that facilitate coexistence. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ursus arctos Leuphana University of Lüneburg: Forschungsindex FOX Landscape Ecology 29 7 1145 1155 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Leuphana University of Lüneburg: Forschungsindex FOX |
op_collection_id |
ftuluenebcrispub |
language |
English |
topic |
/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/nachhaltigkeitswissenschaft Sustainability Science Carnivore conservation Eastern Europe Human-carnivore coexistence Human-dominated landscapes Ursus arctos Wildlife conflicts |
spellingShingle |
/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/nachhaltigkeitswissenschaft Sustainability Science Carnivore conservation Eastern Europe Human-carnivore coexistence Human-dominated landscapes Ursus arctos Wildlife conflicts Dorresteijn, Ine Hanspach, Jan Kecskés, Attila Latková, Hana Mezey, Zsófia Sugár, Szilárd von Wehrden, Henrik Fischer, Joern Human-carnivore coexistence in a traditional rural landscape |
topic_facet |
/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/nachhaltigkeitswissenschaft Sustainability Science Carnivore conservation Eastern Europe Human-carnivore coexistence Human-dominated landscapes Ursus arctos Wildlife conflicts |
description |
Facilitating human-carnivore coexistence is a major conservation concern in human-dominated landscapes worldwide. Useful insights could be gained by studying and understanding the dynamics of human-carnivore coexistence in landscapes in which carnivores and humans have coexisted for a long time. We used a two-pronged approach combining ecological and social data to study coexistence of the brown bear (Ursus arctos) and humans in Transylvania, Romania. First, we surveyed 554 km of walking transects to estimate activity via a bear sign index, namely the proportion of anthills disturbed by bears, and used spatially explicit predictive models to test which biophysical and anthropogenic variables influenced bear activity. Second, we interviewed 86 shepherds and 359 villagers and community representatives to assess conflicts with bears and attitudes of shepherds towards bears. Our interdisciplinary study showed that bears and humans coexisted relatively peacefully despite occasional conflicts. Coexistence appeared to be facilitated by: (1) the availability of large forest blocks that are connected to the source population of bears in the Carpathian Mountains; (2) the use of traditional livestock management to minimize damage from bears; and (3) some tolerance among shepherds to occasional conflict with bears. In contrast, bear activity was unrelated to human settlements, and compensation for livestock losses did not influence people's attitudes toward bears. Our study shows that coexistence of humans and carnivores is possible, even without direct economic incentives. A key challenge for settings with a discontinuous history of human-carnivore coexistence is to reinstate both practices and attitudes that facilitate coexistence. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Dorresteijn, Ine Hanspach, Jan Kecskés, Attila Latková, Hana Mezey, Zsófia Sugár, Szilárd von Wehrden, Henrik Fischer, Joern |
author_facet |
Dorresteijn, Ine Hanspach, Jan Kecskés, Attila Latková, Hana Mezey, Zsófia Sugár, Szilárd von Wehrden, Henrik Fischer, Joern |
author_sort |
Dorresteijn, Ine |
title |
Human-carnivore coexistence in a traditional rural landscape |
title_short |
Human-carnivore coexistence in a traditional rural landscape |
title_full |
Human-carnivore coexistence in a traditional rural landscape |
title_fullStr |
Human-carnivore coexistence in a traditional rural landscape |
title_full_unstemmed |
Human-carnivore coexistence in a traditional rural landscape |
title_sort |
human-carnivore coexistence in a traditional rural landscape |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
http://fox.leuphana.de/portal/de/publications/humancarnivore-coexistence-in-a-traditional-rural-landscape(2f3b3882-7e65-49d9-b23a-771461401fb0).html https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-014-0048-5 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84904987822&partnerID=8YFLogxK |
genre |
Ursus arctos |
genre_facet |
Ursus arctos |
op_source |
Dorresteijn , I , Hanspach , J , Kecskés , A , Latková , H , Mezey , Z , Sugár , S , von Wehrden , H & Fischer , J 2014 , ' Human-carnivore coexistence in a traditional rural landscape ' , Landscape Ecology , vol. 29 , no. 7 , pp. 1145-1155 . https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-014-0048-5 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-014-0048-5 |
container_title |
Landscape Ecology |
container_volume |
29 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
1145 |
op_container_end_page |
1155 |
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1766231525321342976 |