Twentieth century North Atlantic jet variability
Long records of the latitude and speed of the North Atlantic eddy-driven jet stream since 1871 are presented from the newly available Twentieth Century Reanalysis. These jet variations underlie the variability associated with patterns such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and have considerabl...
Published in: | Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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John Wiley and Sons Ltd
2016
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2197 https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:32324652-5bc9-4470-bcea-22e11f3946b2 |
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ftuloxford:oai:ora.ox.ac.uk:uuid:32324652-5bc9-4470-bcea-22e11f3946b2 2023-05-15T17:28:43+02:00 Twentieth century North Atlantic jet variability Woollings, T Czuchnicki, C Franzke, C 2016-07-28 https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2197 https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:32324652-5bc9-4470-bcea-22e11f3946b2 eng eng John Wiley and Sons Ltd doi:10.1002/qj.2197 https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:32324652-5bc9-4470-bcea-22e11f3946b2 https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2197 info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess Journal article 2016 ftuloxford https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2197 2022-06-28T20:09:15Z Long records of the latitude and speed of the North Atlantic eddy-driven jet stream since 1871 are presented from the newly available Twentieth Century Reanalysis. These jet variations underlie the variability associated with patterns such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and have considerable societal impact through variations in the prevailing westerly winds. While the NAO combines variations in the latitude and speed of the jet, these two characteristics are shown to have quite different seasonal cycles and interannual variability, suggesting that they may have different dynamical influences. In general, the features exhibited in shorter records are shown to be robust, for example the strong skewness of the NAO distribution. Related to this is a clear multimodality of the jet latitude distribution, which suggests the existence of preferred positions of the jet. Decadal variations in jet latitude are shown to correspond to changes in the occurrence of these preferred positions. However, it is the speed rather than the latitude of the jet that exhibits the strongest decadal variability, and in most seasons this is clearly distinct from a white-noise representation of the seasonal means. When viewed in this longer term context, the variations of recent decades do not appear unusual and recent values of jet latitude and speed are not unprecedented in the historical record. © 2013 Royal Meteorological Society. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation ORA - Oxford University Research Archive Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 140 680 783 791 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
ORA - Oxford University Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftuloxford |
language |
English |
description |
Long records of the latitude and speed of the North Atlantic eddy-driven jet stream since 1871 are presented from the newly available Twentieth Century Reanalysis. These jet variations underlie the variability associated with patterns such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and have considerable societal impact through variations in the prevailing westerly winds. While the NAO combines variations in the latitude and speed of the jet, these two characteristics are shown to have quite different seasonal cycles and interannual variability, suggesting that they may have different dynamical influences. In general, the features exhibited in shorter records are shown to be robust, for example the strong skewness of the NAO distribution. Related to this is a clear multimodality of the jet latitude distribution, which suggests the existence of preferred positions of the jet. Decadal variations in jet latitude are shown to correspond to changes in the occurrence of these preferred positions. However, it is the speed rather than the latitude of the jet that exhibits the strongest decadal variability, and in most seasons this is clearly distinct from a white-noise representation of the seasonal means. When viewed in this longer term context, the variations of recent decades do not appear unusual and recent values of jet latitude and speed are not unprecedented in the historical record. © 2013 Royal Meteorological Society. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Woollings, T Czuchnicki, C Franzke, C |
spellingShingle |
Woollings, T Czuchnicki, C Franzke, C Twentieth century North Atlantic jet variability |
author_facet |
Woollings, T Czuchnicki, C Franzke, C |
author_sort |
Woollings, T |
title |
Twentieth century North Atlantic jet variability |
title_short |
Twentieth century North Atlantic jet variability |
title_full |
Twentieth century North Atlantic jet variability |
title_fullStr |
Twentieth century North Atlantic jet variability |
title_full_unstemmed |
Twentieth century North Atlantic jet variability |
title_sort |
twentieth century north atlantic jet variability |
publisher |
John Wiley and Sons Ltd |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2197 https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:32324652-5bc9-4470-bcea-22e11f3946b2 |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_relation |
doi:10.1002/qj.2197 https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:32324652-5bc9-4470-bcea-22e11f3946b2 https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2197 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2197 |
container_title |
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society |
container_volume |
140 |
container_issue |
680 |
container_start_page |
783 |
op_container_end_page |
791 |
_version_ |
1766121574738427904 |