State of the climate in 2018
In 2018, the dominant greenhouse gases released into Earth's atmosphere-carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide-continued their increase. The annual global average carbon dioxide concentration at Earth's surface was 407.4 ± 0.1 ppm, the highest in the modern instrumental record and in i...
Published in: | Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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2019
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Online Access: | https://research.ulapland.fi/fi/publications/511ca5c6-e4ea-45d2-bbeb-a202bc25516f https://doi.org/10.1175/2019BAMSStateoftheClimate.1 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85073052511&partnerID=8YFLogxK http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85073052511&partnerID=8YFLogxK |
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Open Polar |
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LaCRIS - University of Lapland Current Research System |
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/dk/atira/pure/person/fieldofscience2010/1/17/1 name=Geosciences |
spellingShingle |
/dk/atira/pure/person/fieldofscience2010/1/17/1 name=Geosciences Ades, M. Adler, R. Aldeco, Laura S. Alejandra, G. Alfaro, Eric J. Aliaga-Nestares, Vannia Allan, Richard P. Allan, Rob Alves, Lincoln M. Amador, Jorge A. Andersen, J. K. Anderson, John Arndt, Derek S. Arosio, C. Arrigo, Kevin Azorin-Molina, César Bardin, M. Yu Barichivich, Jonathan Barreira, Sandra Baxter, Stephen Beck, H. E. Becker, Andreas Bell, Gerald D. Bellouin, Nicolas Belmont, M. Benedetti, Angela Benedict, Imme Bernhard, G. H. Berrisford, Paul Berry, David I. Bettio, Lynette Bhatt, U. S. Biskaborn, B. K. Bissolli, Peter Bjella, Kevin L. Bjerke, J. K. Blake, Eric S. Blenkinsop, Stephen Blunden, Jessica Bock, Olivier Bosilovich, Michael G. Boucher, Olivier Box, J. E. Boyer, Tim Braathen, Geir Bringas, Francis G. Bromwich, David H. Brown, Alrick Brown, R. Brown, Timothy J. Buehler, S. A. Cáceres, Luis Calderón, Blanca Camargo, Suzana J. Campbell, Jayaka D. Campos Diaz, Diego A. Cappelen, J. Carrea, Laura Carrier, Seth B. Carter, Brendan R. Castro, Anabel Y. Cetinic, Ivona Chambers, Don P. Chen, Lin Cheng, Lijing Cheng, Vincent Y.S. Christiansen, Hanne H. Christy, John R. Chung, E. S. Claus, Federico Clem, Kyle R. Coelho, Caio A.S. Coldewey-Egbers, Melanie Colwell, Steve Cooper, Owen R. Cosca, Cathy Covey, Curt Coy, Lawrence Dávila, Cristina P. Davis, Sean M. de Eyto, Elvira de Jeu, Richard A.M. De Laat, Jos Decharme, B. Degasperi, Curtis L. Degenstein, Doug Demircan, Mesut Derksen, C. Dhurmea, K. R. Di Girolamo, Larry Diamond, Howard J. Diaz, Eliecer Diniz, Fransisco A. Dlugokencky, Ed J. Dohan, Kathleen Dokulil, Martin T. Dolman, A. Johannes Domingues, Catia M. Domingues, Ricardo Donat, Markus G. Dorigo, Wouter A. Drozdov, D. S. Druckenmiller, Matthew L. Dunn, Robert J.H. Durre, Imke Dutton, Geoff S. Elkharrim, M. Elkins, James W. Epstein, H. E. Espinoza, Jhan C. Famiglietti, James S. Farrell, Sinead L. Fausto, R. S. Feely, Richard A. Feng, Z. Fenimore, Chris Fettweis, X. Fioletov, Vitali E. Flemming, Johannes Fogt, Ryan L. Forbes, B. C. Foster, Michael J. Francis, S. D. Franz, Bryan A. Frey, Richard A. Frith, Stacey M. Froidevaux, Lucien Ganter, Catherine Garforth, J. Gerland, Sebastian Gilson, John Gleason, Karin Gobron, Nadine Goetz, S. Goldenberg, Stanley B. Goni, Gustavo Gray, Alison Grooß, Jens Uwe Gruber, Alexander Gu, Guojun Guard, Charles Chip P. Gupta, S. K. Gutiérrez, Dimitri Haas, Christian Hagos, S. Hahn, Sebastian Haimberger, Leo Hall, Brad D. Halpert, Michael S. Hamlington, Benjamin D. Hanna, E. Hanssen-Bauer, I. Harris, Ian Hazeleger, Wilco He, Q. Heidinger, Andrew K. Heim, Richard R. Hemming, D. L. Hendricks, Stefan Hernández, Rafael Hersbach, H. E. Hidalgo, Hugo G. Ho, Shu Peng Ben Holmes, R. M. Hu, Chuanmin Huang, Boyin Hubbard, Katherine Hubert, Daan Hurst, Dale F. Ialongo, Iolanda Ijampy, J. A. Inness, Antje Isaac, Victor Isaksen, K. Ishii, Masayoshi Jeffries, Martin O. Jevrejeva, Svetlana Jia, G. Jiménez, C. Jin, Xiangze John, Viju Johnsen, Bjørn Johnson, Gregory C. Johnson, Kenneth S. Johnson, Bryan Jones, Philip D. Jumaux, Guillaume Kabidi, Khadija Kaiser, J. W. Karaköylü, Erdem M. Karlsen, S. R. Karnauskas, Mandy Kato, Seiji Kazemi, A. Fazl Kelble, Christopher Keller, Linda M. Kennedy, John Kholodov, A. L. Khoshkam, Mahbobeh Kidd, R. Killick, Rachel Kim, Hyungjun Kim, S. J. King, A. D. King, Brian A. Kipling, Z. Klotzbach, Philip J. Knaff, John A. Korhonen, Johanna Korshunova, Natalia N. Kramarova, Natalya A. Kratz, D. P. Kruger, Andries Kruk, Michael C. Krumpen, Thomas Labbé, L. Ladd, C. Lakatos, Mónika Lakkala, Kaisa Lander, Mark A. Landschützer, Peter Landsea, Chris W. Lareau, Neil P. Lavado-Casimiro, Waldo Lazzara, Matthew A. Lee, T. C. Leuliette, Eric L’heureux, Michelle Li, Bailing Li, Tim Lieser, Jan L. Lim, J. Y. Lin, I. I. Liu, Hongxing Locarnini, Ricardo Loeb, Norman G. Long, Craig S. López, Luis A. Lorrey, Andrew M. Loyola, Diego Lumpkin, Rick Luo, Jing Jia Luojus, K. Lyman, John M. Malkova, G. V. Manney, Gloria L. Marchenko, S. S. Marengo, José A. Marin, Dora Marquardt Collow, Allison B. Marra, John J. Marszelewski, Wlodzimierz Martens, B. Martínez-Güingla, Rodney Massom, Robert A. May, Linda Mayer, Michael Mazloff, Matthew McBride, Charlotte McCabe, M. McClelland, J. W. McEvoy, Daniel J. McGree, Simon McVicar, Tim R. Mears, Carl A. Meier, Walt Meijers, Andrew Mekonnen, Ademe Mengistu Tsidu, G. Menzel, W. Paul Merchant, Christopher J. Meredith, Michael P. Merrifield, Mark A. Miller, Ben Miralles, Diego G. Misevicius, Noelia Mitchum, Gary T. Mochizuki, Y. Monselesan, Didier Montzka, Stephen A. Mora, Natali Morice, Colin Mosquera-Vásquez, Kobi Mostafa, Awatif E. Mote, T. Mudryk, L. Mühle, Jens Mullan, A. Brett Müller, Rolf Myneni, R. Nash, Eric R. Nauslar, Nicholas J. Nerem, R. Steven Newman, Paul A. Nicolas, Julien P. Nieto, Juan José Noetzli, Jeannette Osborn, Tim J. Osborne, Emily Overland, J. Oyunjargal, Lamjav Park, T. Pasch, Richard J. Pascual Ramírez, Reynaldo Pastor Saavedra, Maria Asuncion Paterson, Andrew M. Pearce, Petra R. Pelto, Mauri S. Perovich, Don Petropavlovskikh, Irina Pezza, Alexandre B. Phillips, C. Phillips, David Phoenix, G. Pinty, Bernard Pitts, Michael Po-Chedley, S. Polashenski, Chris Preimesberger, W. Purkey, Sarah G. Quispe, Nelson Rajeevan, Madhavan Rakotoarimalala, C. L. Ramos, Andrea M. Ramos, Isabel Randel, W. Raynolds, M. K. Reagan, James Reid, Phillip Reimer, Christoph Rémy, Samuel Revadekar, Jayashree V. Richardson, A. D. Richter-Menge, Jacqueline Ricker, Robert Ripaldi, A. Robinson, David A. Rodell, Matthew Rodriguez Camino, Ernesto Romanovsky, Vladimir E. Ronchail, Josyane Rosenlof, Karen H. Rösner, Benajamin Roth, Chris Rozanov, A. Rusak, James A. Rustemeier, Elke Rutishäuser, T. Sallée, Jean Baptiste Sánchez-Lugo, Ahira Santee, Michelle L. Sawaengphokhai, P. Sayouri, Amal Scambos, Ted A. Scanlon, T. Scardilli, Alvaro S. Schenzinger, Verena Schladow, S. Geoffey Schmid, Claudia Schmid, Martin Schoeneich, P. Schreck, Carl J. Selkirk, H. B. Sensoy, Serhat Shi, Lei Shiklomanov, A. I. Shiklomanov, Nikolai I. Shimpo, A. Shuman, Christopher A. Siegel, David A. Sima, Fatou Simmons, Adrian J. Smeets, C. J.P.P. Smith, Adam Smith, Sharon L. Soden, B. Sofieva, Viktoria Sparks, T. H. Spence, Jacqueline Spencer, R. G.M. Spillane, Sandra Srivastava, A. K. Stabeno, P. J. Stackhouse, Paul W. Stammerjohn, Sharon Stanitski, Diane M. Steinbrecht, Wolfgang Stella, José L. Stengel, M. Stephenson, Tannecia S. Strahan, Susan E. Streeter, Casey Streletskiy, Dimitri A. Sun-Mack, Sunny Suslova, A. Sutton, Adrienne J. Swart, Sebastiann Sweet, William Takahashi, Kenneth S. Tank, S. E. Taylor, Michael A. Tedesco, M. Thackeray, S. J. Thompson, Philip R. Timbal, Bertrand Timmermans, M. L. Tobin, Skie Tømmervik, H. Tourpali, Kleareti Trachte, Katja Tretiakov, M. Trewin, Blair C. Triñanes, Joaquin A. Trotman, Adrian R. Tschudi, Mark Tye, Mari R. van As, D. van de Wal, R. S.W. van der A, Ronald J. van der Schalie, Robin van der Schrier, Gerard van der Werf, Guido R. van Heerwaarden, Chiel Van Meerbeeck, Cedric J. Verburg, Piet Vieira, G. Vincent, Lucie A. Vömel, Holger Vose, Russell S. Walker, D. A. Walsh, J. E. Wang, Bin Wang, Hui Wang, Lei Wang, M. Wang, Mengqiu Wang, Ray Wang, Sheng Hung Wanninkhof, Rik Watanabe, Shohei Weber, Mark Webster, Melinda Weerts, Albrecht Weller, Robert A. Westberry, Toby K. Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A. Widlansky, Matthew J. Wijffels, Susan E. Wilber, Anne C. Wild, Jeanette D. Willett, Kate M. Wong, Takmeng Wood, E. F. Woolway, R. Iestyn Xue, Yan Yin, Xungang Yu, Lisan Zambrano, Eduardo Zeyaeyan, Sadegh Zhang, Huai Min Zhang, Peiqun Zhao, Guanguo Zhao, Lin Zhou, Xinjia Zhu, Zhiwei Ziemke, Jerry R. Ziese, Markus Andersen, Andrea Griffin, Jessicca Hammer, Gregory Love-Brotak, S. Elizabeth Misch, Deborah J. Riddle, Deborah B. Veasey, Sara W. State of the climate in 2018 |
topic_facet |
/dk/atira/pure/person/fieldofscience2010/1/17/1 name=Geosciences |
description |
In 2018, the dominant greenhouse gases released into Earth's atmosphere-carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide-continued their increase. The annual global average carbon dioxide concentration at Earth's surface was 407.4 ± 0.1 ppm, the highest in the modern instrumental record and in ice core records dating back 800 000 years. Combined, greenhouse gases and several halogenated gases contribute just over 3 W m −2 to radiative forcing and represent a nearly 43% increase since 1990. Carbon dioxide is responsible for about 65% of this radiative forcing. With a weak La Niña in early 2018 transitioning to a weak El Niño by the year's end, the global surface (land and ocean) temperature was the fourth highest on record, with only 2015 through 2017 being warmer. Several European countries reported record high annual temperatures. There were also more high, and fewer low, temperature extremes than in nearly all of the 68-year extremes record. Madagascar recorded a record daily temperature of 40.5°C in Morondava in March, while South Korea set its record high of 41.0°C in August in Hongcheon. Nawabshah, Pakistan, recorded its highest temperature of 50.2°C, which may be a new daily world record for April. Globally, the annual lower troposphere temperature was third to seventh highest, depending on the dataset analyzed. The lower stratospheric temperature was approximately fifth lowest. The 2018 Arctic land surface temperature was 1.2°C above the 1981-2010 average, tying for third highest in the 118-year record, following 2016 and 2017. June's Arctic snow cover extent was almost half of what it was 35 years ago. Across Greenland, however, regional summer temperatures were generally below or near average. Additionally, a satellite survey of 47 glaciers in Greenland indicated a net increase in area for the first time since records began in 1999. Increasing permafrost temperatures were reported at most observation sites in the Arctic, with the overall increase of 0.1°-0.2°C between 2017 and 2018 being comparable to the ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ades, M. Adler, R. Aldeco, Laura S. Alejandra, G. Alfaro, Eric J. Aliaga-Nestares, Vannia Allan, Richard P. Allan, Rob Alves, Lincoln M. Amador, Jorge A. Andersen, J. K. Anderson, John Arndt, Derek S. Arosio, C. Arrigo, Kevin Azorin-Molina, César Bardin, M. Yu Barichivich, Jonathan Barreira, Sandra Baxter, Stephen Beck, H. E. Becker, Andreas Bell, Gerald D. Bellouin, Nicolas Belmont, M. Benedetti, Angela Benedict, Imme Bernhard, G. H. Berrisford, Paul Berry, David I. Bettio, Lynette Bhatt, U. S. Biskaborn, B. K. Bissolli, Peter Bjella, Kevin L. Bjerke, J. K. Blake, Eric S. Blenkinsop, Stephen Blunden, Jessica Bock, Olivier Bosilovich, Michael G. Boucher, Olivier Box, J. E. Boyer, Tim Braathen, Geir Bringas, Francis G. Bromwich, David H. Brown, Alrick Brown, R. Brown, Timothy J. Buehler, S. A. Cáceres, Luis Calderón, Blanca Camargo, Suzana J. Campbell, Jayaka D. Campos Diaz, Diego A. Cappelen, J. Carrea, Laura Carrier, Seth B. Carter, Brendan R. Castro, Anabel Y. Cetinic, Ivona Chambers, Don P. Chen, Lin Cheng, Lijing Cheng, Vincent Y.S. Christiansen, Hanne H. Christy, John R. Chung, E. S. Claus, Federico Clem, Kyle R. Coelho, Caio A.S. Coldewey-Egbers, Melanie Colwell, Steve Cooper, Owen R. Cosca, Cathy Covey, Curt Coy, Lawrence Dávila, Cristina P. Davis, Sean M. de Eyto, Elvira de Jeu, Richard A.M. De Laat, Jos Decharme, B. Degasperi, Curtis L. Degenstein, Doug Demircan, Mesut Derksen, C. Dhurmea, K. R. Di Girolamo, Larry Diamond, Howard J. Diaz, Eliecer Diniz, Fransisco A. Dlugokencky, Ed J. Dohan, Kathleen Dokulil, Martin T. Dolman, A. Johannes Domingues, Catia M. Domingues, Ricardo Donat, Markus G. Dorigo, Wouter A. Drozdov, D. S. Druckenmiller, Matthew L. Dunn, Robert J.H. Durre, Imke Dutton, Geoff S. Elkharrim, M. Elkins, James W. Epstein, H. E. Espinoza, Jhan C. Famiglietti, James S. Farrell, Sinead L. Fausto, R. S. Feely, Richard A. Feng, Z. Fenimore, Chris Fettweis, X. Fioletov, Vitali E. Flemming, Johannes Fogt, Ryan L. Forbes, B. C. Foster, Michael J. Francis, S. D. Franz, Bryan A. Frey, Richard A. Frith, Stacey M. Froidevaux, Lucien Ganter, Catherine Garforth, J. Gerland, Sebastian Gilson, John Gleason, Karin Gobron, Nadine Goetz, S. Goldenberg, Stanley B. Goni, Gustavo Gray, Alison Grooß, Jens Uwe Gruber, Alexander Gu, Guojun Guard, Charles Chip P. Gupta, S. K. Gutiérrez, Dimitri Haas, Christian Hagos, S. Hahn, Sebastian Haimberger, Leo Hall, Brad D. Halpert, Michael S. Hamlington, Benjamin D. Hanna, E. Hanssen-Bauer, I. Harris, Ian Hazeleger, Wilco He, Q. Heidinger, Andrew K. Heim, Richard R. Hemming, D. L. Hendricks, Stefan Hernández, Rafael Hersbach, H. E. Hidalgo, Hugo G. Ho, Shu Peng Ben Holmes, R. M. Hu, Chuanmin Huang, Boyin Hubbard, Katherine Hubert, Daan Hurst, Dale F. Ialongo, Iolanda Ijampy, J. A. Inness, Antje Isaac, Victor Isaksen, K. Ishii, Masayoshi Jeffries, Martin O. Jevrejeva, Svetlana Jia, G. Jiménez, C. Jin, Xiangze John, Viju Johnsen, Bjørn Johnson, Gregory C. Johnson, Kenneth S. Johnson, Bryan Jones, Philip D. Jumaux, Guillaume Kabidi, Khadija Kaiser, J. W. Karaköylü, Erdem M. Karlsen, S. R. Karnauskas, Mandy Kato, Seiji Kazemi, A. Fazl Kelble, Christopher Keller, Linda M. Kennedy, John Kholodov, A. L. Khoshkam, Mahbobeh Kidd, R. Killick, Rachel Kim, Hyungjun Kim, S. J. King, A. D. King, Brian A. Kipling, Z. Klotzbach, Philip J. Knaff, John A. Korhonen, Johanna Korshunova, Natalia N. Kramarova, Natalya A. Kratz, D. P. Kruger, Andries Kruk, Michael C. Krumpen, Thomas Labbé, L. Ladd, C. Lakatos, Mónika Lakkala, Kaisa Lander, Mark A. Landschützer, Peter Landsea, Chris W. Lareau, Neil P. Lavado-Casimiro, Waldo Lazzara, Matthew A. Lee, T. C. Leuliette, Eric L’heureux, Michelle Li, Bailing Li, Tim Lieser, Jan L. Lim, J. Y. Lin, I. I. Liu, Hongxing Locarnini, Ricardo Loeb, Norman G. Long, Craig S. López, Luis A. Lorrey, Andrew M. Loyola, Diego Lumpkin, Rick Luo, Jing Jia Luojus, K. Lyman, John M. Malkova, G. V. Manney, Gloria L. Marchenko, S. S. Marengo, José A. Marin, Dora Marquardt Collow, Allison B. Marra, John J. Marszelewski, Wlodzimierz Martens, B. Martínez-Güingla, Rodney Massom, Robert A. May, Linda Mayer, Michael Mazloff, Matthew McBride, Charlotte McCabe, M. McClelland, J. W. McEvoy, Daniel J. McGree, Simon McVicar, Tim R. Mears, Carl A. Meier, Walt Meijers, Andrew Mekonnen, Ademe Mengistu Tsidu, G. Menzel, W. Paul Merchant, Christopher J. Meredith, Michael P. Merrifield, Mark A. Miller, Ben Miralles, Diego G. Misevicius, Noelia Mitchum, Gary T. Mochizuki, Y. Monselesan, Didier Montzka, Stephen A. Mora, Natali Morice, Colin Mosquera-Vásquez, Kobi Mostafa, Awatif E. Mote, T. Mudryk, L. Mühle, Jens Mullan, A. Brett Müller, Rolf Myneni, R. Nash, Eric R. Nauslar, Nicholas J. Nerem, R. Steven Newman, Paul A. Nicolas, Julien P. Nieto, Juan José Noetzli, Jeannette Osborn, Tim J. Osborne, Emily Overland, J. Oyunjargal, Lamjav Park, T. Pasch, Richard J. Pascual Ramírez, Reynaldo Pastor Saavedra, Maria Asuncion Paterson, Andrew M. Pearce, Petra R. Pelto, Mauri S. Perovich, Don Petropavlovskikh, Irina Pezza, Alexandre B. Phillips, C. Phillips, David Phoenix, G. Pinty, Bernard Pitts, Michael Po-Chedley, S. Polashenski, Chris Preimesberger, W. Purkey, Sarah G. Quispe, Nelson Rajeevan, Madhavan Rakotoarimalala, C. L. Ramos, Andrea M. Ramos, Isabel Randel, W. Raynolds, M. K. Reagan, James Reid, Phillip Reimer, Christoph Rémy, Samuel Revadekar, Jayashree V. Richardson, A. D. Richter-Menge, Jacqueline Ricker, Robert Ripaldi, A. Robinson, David A. Rodell, Matthew Rodriguez Camino, Ernesto Romanovsky, Vladimir E. Ronchail, Josyane Rosenlof, Karen H. Rösner, Benajamin Roth, Chris Rozanov, A. Rusak, James A. Rustemeier, Elke Rutishäuser, T. Sallée, Jean Baptiste Sánchez-Lugo, Ahira Santee, Michelle L. Sawaengphokhai, P. Sayouri, Amal Scambos, Ted A. Scanlon, T. Scardilli, Alvaro S. Schenzinger, Verena Schladow, S. Geoffey Schmid, Claudia Schmid, Martin Schoeneich, P. Schreck, Carl J. Selkirk, H. B. Sensoy, Serhat Shi, Lei Shiklomanov, A. I. Shiklomanov, Nikolai I. Shimpo, A. Shuman, Christopher A. Siegel, David A. Sima, Fatou Simmons, Adrian J. Smeets, C. J.P.P. Smith, Adam Smith, Sharon L. Soden, B. Sofieva, Viktoria Sparks, T. H. Spence, Jacqueline Spencer, R. G.M. Spillane, Sandra Srivastava, A. K. Stabeno, P. J. Stackhouse, Paul W. Stammerjohn, Sharon Stanitski, Diane M. Steinbrecht, Wolfgang Stella, José L. Stengel, M. Stephenson, Tannecia S. Strahan, Susan E. Streeter, Casey Streletskiy, Dimitri A. Sun-Mack, Sunny Suslova, A. Sutton, Adrienne J. Swart, Sebastiann Sweet, William Takahashi, Kenneth S. Tank, S. E. Taylor, Michael A. Tedesco, M. Thackeray, S. J. Thompson, Philip R. Timbal, Bertrand Timmermans, M. L. Tobin, Skie Tømmervik, H. Tourpali, Kleareti Trachte, Katja Tretiakov, M. Trewin, Blair C. Triñanes, Joaquin A. Trotman, Adrian R. Tschudi, Mark Tye, Mari R. van As, D. van de Wal, R. S.W. van der A, Ronald J. van der Schalie, Robin van der Schrier, Gerard van der Werf, Guido R. van Heerwaarden, Chiel Van Meerbeeck, Cedric J. Verburg, Piet Vieira, G. Vincent, Lucie A. Vömel, Holger Vose, Russell S. Walker, D. A. Walsh, J. E. Wang, Bin Wang, Hui Wang, Lei Wang, M. Wang, Mengqiu Wang, Ray Wang, Sheng Hung Wanninkhof, Rik Watanabe, Shohei Weber, Mark Webster, Melinda Weerts, Albrecht Weller, Robert A. Westberry, Toby K. Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A. Widlansky, Matthew J. Wijffels, Susan E. Wilber, Anne C. Wild, Jeanette D. Willett, Kate M. Wong, Takmeng Wood, E. F. Woolway, R. Iestyn Xue, Yan Yin, Xungang Yu, Lisan Zambrano, Eduardo Zeyaeyan, Sadegh Zhang, Huai Min Zhang, Peiqun Zhao, Guanguo Zhao, Lin Zhou, Xinjia Zhu, Zhiwei Ziemke, Jerry R. Ziese, Markus Andersen, Andrea Griffin, Jessicca Hammer, Gregory Love-Brotak, S. Elizabeth Misch, Deborah J. Riddle, Deborah B. Veasey, Sara W. |
author_facet |
Ades, M. Adler, R. Aldeco, Laura S. Alejandra, G. Alfaro, Eric J. Aliaga-Nestares, Vannia Allan, Richard P. Allan, Rob Alves, Lincoln M. Amador, Jorge A. Andersen, J. K. Anderson, John Arndt, Derek S. Arosio, C. Arrigo, Kevin Azorin-Molina, César Bardin, M. Yu Barichivich, Jonathan Barreira, Sandra Baxter, Stephen Beck, H. E. Becker, Andreas Bell, Gerald D. Bellouin, Nicolas Belmont, M. Benedetti, Angela Benedict, Imme Bernhard, G. H. Berrisford, Paul Berry, David I. Bettio, Lynette Bhatt, U. S. Biskaborn, B. K. Bissolli, Peter Bjella, Kevin L. Bjerke, J. K. Blake, Eric S. Blenkinsop, Stephen Blunden, Jessica Bock, Olivier Bosilovich, Michael G. Boucher, Olivier Box, J. E. Boyer, Tim Braathen, Geir Bringas, Francis G. Bromwich, David H. Brown, Alrick Brown, R. Brown, Timothy J. Buehler, S. A. Cáceres, Luis Calderón, Blanca Camargo, Suzana J. Campbell, Jayaka D. Campos Diaz, Diego A. Cappelen, J. Carrea, Laura Carrier, Seth B. Carter, Brendan R. Castro, Anabel Y. Cetinic, Ivona Chambers, Don P. Chen, Lin Cheng, Lijing Cheng, Vincent Y.S. Christiansen, Hanne H. Christy, John R. Chung, E. S. Claus, Federico Clem, Kyle R. Coelho, Caio A.S. Coldewey-Egbers, Melanie Colwell, Steve Cooper, Owen R. Cosca, Cathy Covey, Curt Coy, Lawrence Dávila, Cristina P. Davis, Sean M. de Eyto, Elvira de Jeu, Richard A.M. De Laat, Jos Decharme, B. Degasperi, Curtis L. Degenstein, Doug Demircan, Mesut Derksen, C. Dhurmea, K. R. Di Girolamo, Larry Diamond, Howard J. Diaz, Eliecer Diniz, Fransisco A. Dlugokencky, Ed J. Dohan, Kathleen Dokulil, Martin T. Dolman, A. Johannes Domingues, Catia M. Domingues, Ricardo Donat, Markus G. Dorigo, Wouter A. Drozdov, D. S. Druckenmiller, Matthew L. Dunn, Robert J.H. Durre, Imke Dutton, Geoff S. Elkharrim, M. Elkins, James W. Epstein, H. E. Espinoza, Jhan C. Famiglietti, James S. Farrell, Sinead L. Fausto, R. S. Feely, Richard A. Feng, Z. Fenimore, Chris Fettweis, X. Fioletov, Vitali E. Flemming, Johannes Fogt, Ryan L. Forbes, B. C. Foster, Michael J. Francis, S. D. Franz, Bryan A. Frey, Richard A. Frith, Stacey M. Froidevaux, Lucien Ganter, Catherine Garforth, J. Gerland, Sebastian Gilson, John Gleason, Karin Gobron, Nadine Goetz, S. Goldenberg, Stanley B. Goni, Gustavo Gray, Alison Grooß, Jens Uwe Gruber, Alexander Gu, Guojun Guard, Charles Chip P. Gupta, S. K. Gutiérrez, Dimitri Haas, Christian Hagos, S. Hahn, Sebastian Haimberger, Leo Hall, Brad D. Halpert, Michael S. Hamlington, Benjamin D. Hanna, E. Hanssen-Bauer, I. Harris, Ian Hazeleger, Wilco He, Q. Heidinger, Andrew K. Heim, Richard R. Hemming, D. L. Hendricks, Stefan Hernández, Rafael Hersbach, H. E. Hidalgo, Hugo G. Ho, Shu Peng Ben Holmes, R. M. Hu, Chuanmin Huang, Boyin Hubbard, Katherine Hubert, Daan Hurst, Dale F. Ialongo, Iolanda Ijampy, J. A. Inness, Antje Isaac, Victor Isaksen, K. Ishii, Masayoshi Jeffries, Martin O. Jevrejeva, Svetlana Jia, G. Jiménez, C. Jin, Xiangze John, Viju Johnsen, Bjørn Johnson, Gregory C. Johnson, Kenneth S. Johnson, Bryan Jones, Philip D. Jumaux, Guillaume Kabidi, Khadija Kaiser, J. W. Karaköylü, Erdem M. Karlsen, S. R. Karnauskas, Mandy Kato, Seiji Kazemi, A. Fazl Kelble, Christopher Keller, Linda M. Kennedy, John Kholodov, A. L. Khoshkam, Mahbobeh Kidd, R. Killick, Rachel Kim, Hyungjun Kim, S. J. King, A. D. King, Brian A. Kipling, Z. Klotzbach, Philip J. Knaff, John A. Korhonen, Johanna Korshunova, Natalia N. Kramarova, Natalya A. Kratz, D. P. Kruger, Andries Kruk, Michael C. Krumpen, Thomas Labbé, L. Ladd, C. Lakatos, Mónika Lakkala, Kaisa Lander, Mark A. Landschützer, Peter Landsea, Chris W. Lareau, Neil P. Lavado-Casimiro, Waldo Lazzara, Matthew A. Lee, T. C. Leuliette, Eric L’heureux, Michelle Li, Bailing Li, Tim Lieser, Jan L. Lim, J. Y. Lin, I. I. Liu, Hongxing Locarnini, Ricardo Loeb, Norman G. Long, Craig S. López, Luis A. Lorrey, Andrew M. Loyola, Diego Lumpkin, Rick Luo, Jing Jia Luojus, K. Lyman, John M. Malkova, G. V. Manney, Gloria L. Marchenko, S. S. Marengo, José A. Marin, Dora Marquardt Collow, Allison B. Marra, John J. Marszelewski, Wlodzimierz Martens, B. Martínez-Güingla, Rodney Massom, Robert A. May, Linda Mayer, Michael Mazloff, Matthew McBride, Charlotte McCabe, M. McClelland, J. W. McEvoy, Daniel J. McGree, Simon McVicar, Tim R. Mears, Carl A. Meier, Walt Meijers, Andrew Mekonnen, Ademe Mengistu Tsidu, G. Menzel, W. Paul Merchant, Christopher J. Meredith, Michael P. Merrifield, Mark A. Miller, Ben Miralles, Diego G. Misevicius, Noelia Mitchum, Gary T. Mochizuki, Y. Monselesan, Didier Montzka, Stephen A. Mora, Natali Morice, Colin Mosquera-Vásquez, Kobi Mostafa, Awatif E. Mote, T. Mudryk, L. Mühle, Jens Mullan, A. Brett Müller, Rolf Myneni, R. Nash, Eric R. Nauslar, Nicholas J. Nerem, R. Steven Newman, Paul A. Nicolas, Julien P. Nieto, Juan José Noetzli, Jeannette Osborn, Tim J. Osborne, Emily Overland, J. Oyunjargal, Lamjav Park, T. Pasch, Richard J. Pascual Ramírez, Reynaldo Pastor Saavedra, Maria Asuncion Paterson, Andrew M. Pearce, Petra R. Pelto, Mauri S. Perovich, Don Petropavlovskikh, Irina Pezza, Alexandre B. Phillips, C. Phillips, David Phoenix, G. Pinty, Bernard Pitts, Michael Po-Chedley, S. Polashenski, Chris Preimesberger, W. Purkey, Sarah G. Quispe, Nelson Rajeevan, Madhavan Rakotoarimalala, C. L. Ramos, Andrea M. Ramos, Isabel Randel, W. Raynolds, M. K. Reagan, James Reid, Phillip Reimer, Christoph Rémy, Samuel Revadekar, Jayashree V. Richardson, A. D. Richter-Menge, Jacqueline Ricker, Robert Ripaldi, A. Robinson, David A. Rodell, Matthew Rodriguez Camino, Ernesto Romanovsky, Vladimir E. Ronchail, Josyane Rosenlof, Karen H. Rösner, Benajamin Roth, Chris Rozanov, A. Rusak, James A. Rustemeier, Elke Rutishäuser, T. Sallée, Jean Baptiste Sánchez-Lugo, Ahira Santee, Michelle L. Sawaengphokhai, P. Sayouri, Amal Scambos, Ted A. Scanlon, T. Scardilli, Alvaro S. Schenzinger, Verena Schladow, S. Geoffey Schmid, Claudia Schmid, Martin Schoeneich, P. Schreck, Carl J. Selkirk, H. B. Sensoy, Serhat Shi, Lei Shiklomanov, A. I. Shiklomanov, Nikolai I. Shimpo, A. Shuman, Christopher A. Siegel, David A. Sima, Fatou Simmons, Adrian J. Smeets, C. J.P.P. Smith, Adam Smith, Sharon L. Soden, B. Sofieva, Viktoria Sparks, T. H. Spence, Jacqueline Spencer, R. G.M. Spillane, Sandra Srivastava, A. K. Stabeno, P. J. Stackhouse, Paul W. Stammerjohn, Sharon Stanitski, Diane M. Steinbrecht, Wolfgang Stella, José L. Stengel, M. Stephenson, Tannecia S. Strahan, Susan E. Streeter, Casey Streletskiy, Dimitri A. Sun-Mack, Sunny Suslova, A. Sutton, Adrienne J. Swart, Sebastiann Sweet, William Takahashi, Kenneth S. Tank, S. E. Taylor, Michael A. Tedesco, M. Thackeray, S. J. Thompson, Philip R. Timbal, Bertrand Timmermans, M. L. Tobin, Skie Tømmervik, H. Tourpali, Kleareti Trachte, Katja Tretiakov, M. Trewin, Blair C. Triñanes, Joaquin A. Trotman, Adrian R. Tschudi, Mark Tye, Mari R. van As, D. van de Wal, R. S.W. van der A, Ronald J. van der Schalie, Robin van der Schrier, Gerard van der Werf, Guido R. van Heerwaarden, Chiel Van Meerbeeck, Cedric J. Verburg, Piet Vieira, G. Vincent, Lucie A. Vömel, Holger Vose, Russell S. Walker, D. A. Walsh, J. E. Wang, Bin Wang, Hui Wang, Lei Wang, M. Wang, Mengqiu Wang, Ray Wang, Sheng Hung Wanninkhof, Rik Watanabe, Shohei Weber, Mark Webster, Melinda Weerts, Albrecht Weller, Robert A. Westberry, Toby K. Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A. Widlansky, Matthew J. Wijffels, Susan E. Wilber, Anne C. Wild, Jeanette D. Willett, Kate M. Wong, Takmeng Wood, E. F. Woolway, R. Iestyn Xue, Yan Yin, Xungang Yu, Lisan Zambrano, Eduardo Zeyaeyan, Sadegh Zhang, Huai Min Zhang, Peiqun Zhao, Guanguo Zhao, Lin Zhou, Xinjia Zhu, Zhiwei Ziemke, Jerry R. Ziese, Markus Andersen, Andrea Griffin, Jessicca Hammer, Gregory Love-Brotak, S. Elizabeth Misch, Deborah J. Riddle, Deborah B. Veasey, Sara W. |
author_sort |
Ades, M. |
title |
State of the climate in 2018 |
title_short |
State of the climate in 2018 |
title_full |
State of the climate in 2018 |
title_fullStr |
State of the climate in 2018 |
title_full_unstemmed |
State of the climate in 2018 |
title_sort |
state of the climate in 2018 |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://research.ulapland.fi/fi/publications/511ca5c6-e4ea-45d2-bbeb-a202bc25516f https://doi.org/10.1175/2019BAMSStateoftheClimate.1 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85073052511&partnerID=8YFLogxK http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85073052511&partnerID=8YFLogxK |
geographic |
Arctic Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Greenland |
genre |
Arctic Greenland Ice ice core permafrost |
genre_facet |
Arctic Greenland Ice ice core permafrost |
op_source |
Ades , M , Adler , R , Aldeco , L S , Alejandra , G , Alfaro , E J , Aliaga-Nestares , V , Allan , R P , Allan , R , Alves , L M , Amador , J A , Andersen , J K , Anderson , J , Arndt , D S , Arosio , C , Arrigo , K , Azorin-Molina , C , Bardin , M Y , Barichivich , J , Barreira , S , Baxter , S , Beck , H E , Becker , A , Bell , G D , Bellouin , N , Belmont , M , Benedetti , A , Benedict , I , Bernhard , G H , Berrisford , P , Berry , D I , Bettio , L , Bhatt , U S , Biskaborn , B K , Bissolli , P , Bjella , K L , Bjerke , J K , Blake , E S , Blenkinsop , S , Blunden , J , Bock , O , Bosilovich , M G , Boucher , O , Box , J E , Boyer , T , Braathen , G , Bringas , F G , Bromwich , D H , Brown , A , Brown , R , Brown , T J , Buehler , S A , Cáceres , L , Calderón , B , Camargo , S J , Campbell , J D , Campos Diaz , D A , Cappelen , J , Carrea , L , Carrier , S B , Carter , B R , Castro , A Y , Cetinic , I , Chambers , D P , Chen , L , Cheng , L , Cheng , V Y S , Christiansen , H H , Christy , J R , Chung , E S , Claus , F , Clem , K R , Coelho , C A S , Coldewey-Egbers , M , Colwell , S , Cooper , O R , Cosca , C , Covey , C , Coy , L , Dávila , C P , Davis , S M , de Eyto , E , de Jeu , R A M , De Laat , J , Decharme , B , Degasperi , C L , Degenstein , D , Demircan , M , Derksen , C , Dhurmea , K R , Di Girolamo , L , Diamond , H J , Diaz , E , Diniz , F A , Dlugokencky , E J , Dohan , K , Dokulil , M T , Dolman , A J , Domingues , C M , Domingues , R , Donat , M G , Dorigo , W A , Drozdov , D S , Druckenmiller , M L , Dunn , R J H , Durre , I , Dutton , G S , Elkharrim , M , Elkins , J W , Epstein , H E , Espinoza , J C , Famiglietti , J S , Farrell , S L , Fausto , R S , Feely , R A , Feng , Z , Fenimore , C , Fettweis , X , Fioletov , V E , Flemming , J , Fogt , R L , Forbes , B C , Foster , M J , Francis , S D , Franz , B A , Frey , R A , Frith , S M , Froidevaux , L , Ganter , C , Garforth , J , Gerland , S , Gilson , J , Gleason , K , Gobron , N , Goetz , S |
op_relation |
https://research.ulapland.fi/fi/publications/511ca5c6-e4ea-45d2-bbeb-a202bc25516f |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1175/2019BAMSStateoftheClimate.1 |
container_title |
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society |
container_volume |
100 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
Si |
op_container_end_page |
S306 |
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1802640880071344128 |
spelling |
ftulaplandcdispu:oai:lacris.ulapland.fi:publications/511ca5c6-e4ea-45d2-bbeb-a202bc25516f 2024-06-23T07:50:06+00:00 State of the climate in 2018 Ades, M. Adler, R. Aldeco, Laura S. Alejandra, G. Alfaro, Eric J. Aliaga-Nestares, Vannia Allan, Richard P. Allan, Rob Alves, Lincoln M. Amador, Jorge A. Andersen, J. K. Anderson, John Arndt, Derek S. Arosio, C. Arrigo, Kevin Azorin-Molina, César Bardin, M. Yu Barichivich, Jonathan Barreira, Sandra Baxter, Stephen Beck, H. E. Becker, Andreas Bell, Gerald D. Bellouin, Nicolas Belmont, M. Benedetti, Angela Benedict, Imme Bernhard, G. H. Berrisford, Paul Berry, David I. Bettio, Lynette Bhatt, U. S. Biskaborn, B. K. Bissolli, Peter Bjella, Kevin L. Bjerke, J. K. Blake, Eric S. Blenkinsop, Stephen Blunden, Jessica Bock, Olivier Bosilovich, Michael G. Boucher, Olivier Box, J. E. Boyer, Tim Braathen, Geir Bringas, Francis G. Bromwich, David H. Brown, Alrick Brown, R. Brown, Timothy J. Buehler, S. A. Cáceres, Luis Calderón, Blanca Camargo, Suzana J. Campbell, Jayaka D. Campos Diaz, Diego A. Cappelen, J. Carrea, Laura Carrier, Seth B. Carter, Brendan R. Castro, Anabel Y. Cetinic, Ivona Chambers, Don P. Chen, Lin Cheng, Lijing Cheng, Vincent Y.S. Christiansen, Hanne H. Christy, John R. Chung, E. S. Claus, Federico Clem, Kyle R. Coelho, Caio A.S. Coldewey-Egbers, Melanie Colwell, Steve Cooper, Owen R. Cosca, Cathy Covey, Curt Coy, Lawrence Dávila, Cristina P. Davis, Sean M. de Eyto, Elvira de Jeu, Richard A.M. De Laat, Jos Decharme, B. Degasperi, Curtis L. Degenstein, Doug Demircan, Mesut Derksen, C. Dhurmea, K. R. Di Girolamo, Larry Diamond, Howard J. Diaz, Eliecer Diniz, Fransisco A. Dlugokencky, Ed J. Dohan, Kathleen Dokulil, Martin T. Dolman, A. Johannes Domingues, Catia M. Domingues, Ricardo Donat, Markus G. Dorigo, Wouter A. Drozdov, D. S. Druckenmiller, Matthew L. Dunn, Robert J.H. Durre, Imke Dutton, Geoff S. Elkharrim, M. Elkins, James W. Epstein, H. E. Espinoza, Jhan C. Famiglietti, James S. Farrell, Sinead L. Fausto, R. S. Feely, Richard A. Feng, Z. Fenimore, Chris Fettweis, X. Fioletov, Vitali E. Flemming, Johannes Fogt, Ryan L. Forbes, B. C. Foster, Michael J. Francis, S. D. Franz, Bryan A. Frey, Richard A. Frith, Stacey M. Froidevaux, Lucien Ganter, Catherine Garforth, J. Gerland, Sebastian Gilson, John Gleason, Karin Gobron, Nadine Goetz, S. Goldenberg, Stanley B. Goni, Gustavo Gray, Alison Grooß, Jens Uwe Gruber, Alexander Gu, Guojun Guard, Charles Chip P. Gupta, S. K. Gutiérrez, Dimitri Haas, Christian Hagos, S. Hahn, Sebastian Haimberger, Leo Hall, Brad D. Halpert, Michael S. Hamlington, Benjamin D. Hanna, E. Hanssen-Bauer, I. Harris, Ian Hazeleger, Wilco He, Q. Heidinger, Andrew K. Heim, Richard R. Hemming, D. L. Hendricks, Stefan Hernández, Rafael Hersbach, H. E. Hidalgo, Hugo G. Ho, Shu Peng Ben Holmes, R. M. Hu, Chuanmin Huang, Boyin Hubbard, Katherine Hubert, Daan Hurst, Dale F. Ialongo, Iolanda Ijampy, J. A. Inness, Antje Isaac, Victor Isaksen, K. Ishii, Masayoshi Jeffries, Martin O. Jevrejeva, Svetlana Jia, G. Jiménez, C. Jin, Xiangze John, Viju Johnsen, Bjørn Johnson, Gregory C. Johnson, Kenneth S. Johnson, Bryan Jones, Philip D. Jumaux, Guillaume Kabidi, Khadija Kaiser, J. W. Karaköylü, Erdem M. Karlsen, S. R. Karnauskas, Mandy Kato, Seiji Kazemi, A. Fazl Kelble, Christopher Keller, Linda M. Kennedy, John Kholodov, A. L. Khoshkam, Mahbobeh Kidd, R. Killick, Rachel Kim, Hyungjun Kim, S. J. King, A. D. King, Brian A. Kipling, Z. Klotzbach, Philip J. Knaff, John A. Korhonen, Johanna Korshunova, Natalia N. Kramarova, Natalya A. Kratz, D. P. Kruger, Andries Kruk, Michael C. Krumpen, Thomas Labbé, L. Ladd, C. Lakatos, Mónika Lakkala, Kaisa Lander, Mark A. Landschützer, Peter Landsea, Chris W. Lareau, Neil P. Lavado-Casimiro, Waldo Lazzara, Matthew A. Lee, T. C. Leuliette, Eric L’heureux, Michelle Li, Bailing Li, Tim Lieser, Jan L. Lim, J. Y. Lin, I. I. Liu, Hongxing Locarnini, Ricardo Loeb, Norman G. Long, Craig S. López, Luis A. Lorrey, Andrew M. Loyola, Diego Lumpkin, Rick Luo, Jing Jia Luojus, K. Lyman, John M. Malkova, G. V. Manney, Gloria L. Marchenko, S. S. Marengo, José A. Marin, Dora Marquardt Collow, Allison B. Marra, John J. Marszelewski, Wlodzimierz Martens, B. Martínez-Güingla, Rodney Massom, Robert A. May, Linda Mayer, Michael Mazloff, Matthew McBride, Charlotte McCabe, M. McClelland, J. W. McEvoy, Daniel J. McGree, Simon McVicar, Tim R. Mears, Carl A. Meier, Walt Meijers, Andrew Mekonnen, Ademe Mengistu Tsidu, G. Menzel, W. Paul Merchant, Christopher J. Meredith, Michael P. Merrifield, Mark A. Miller, Ben Miralles, Diego G. Misevicius, Noelia Mitchum, Gary T. Mochizuki, Y. Monselesan, Didier Montzka, Stephen A. Mora, Natali Morice, Colin Mosquera-Vásquez, Kobi Mostafa, Awatif E. Mote, T. Mudryk, L. Mühle, Jens Mullan, A. Brett Müller, Rolf Myneni, R. Nash, Eric R. Nauslar, Nicholas J. Nerem, R. Steven Newman, Paul A. Nicolas, Julien P. Nieto, Juan José Noetzli, Jeannette Osborn, Tim J. Osborne, Emily Overland, J. Oyunjargal, Lamjav Park, T. Pasch, Richard J. Pascual Ramírez, Reynaldo Pastor Saavedra, Maria Asuncion Paterson, Andrew M. Pearce, Petra R. Pelto, Mauri S. Perovich, Don Petropavlovskikh, Irina Pezza, Alexandre B. Phillips, C. Phillips, David Phoenix, G. Pinty, Bernard Pitts, Michael Po-Chedley, S. Polashenski, Chris Preimesberger, W. Purkey, Sarah G. Quispe, Nelson Rajeevan, Madhavan Rakotoarimalala, C. L. Ramos, Andrea M. Ramos, Isabel Randel, W. Raynolds, M. K. Reagan, James Reid, Phillip Reimer, Christoph Rémy, Samuel Revadekar, Jayashree V. Richardson, A. D. Richter-Menge, Jacqueline Ricker, Robert Ripaldi, A. Robinson, David A. Rodell, Matthew Rodriguez Camino, Ernesto Romanovsky, Vladimir E. Ronchail, Josyane Rosenlof, Karen H. Rösner, Benajamin Roth, Chris Rozanov, A. Rusak, James A. Rustemeier, Elke Rutishäuser, T. Sallée, Jean Baptiste Sánchez-Lugo, Ahira Santee, Michelle L. Sawaengphokhai, P. Sayouri, Amal Scambos, Ted A. Scanlon, T. Scardilli, Alvaro S. Schenzinger, Verena Schladow, S. Geoffey Schmid, Claudia Schmid, Martin Schoeneich, P. Schreck, Carl J. Selkirk, H. B. Sensoy, Serhat Shi, Lei Shiklomanov, A. I. Shiklomanov, Nikolai I. Shimpo, A. Shuman, Christopher A. Siegel, David A. Sima, Fatou Simmons, Adrian J. Smeets, C. J.P.P. Smith, Adam Smith, Sharon L. Soden, B. Sofieva, Viktoria Sparks, T. H. Spence, Jacqueline Spencer, R. G.M. Spillane, Sandra Srivastava, A. K. Stabeno, P. J. Stackhouse, Paul W. Stammerjohn, Sharon Stanitski, Diane M. Steinbrecht, Wolfgang Stella, José L. Stengel, M. Stephenson, Tannecia S. Strahan, Susan E. Streeter, Casey Streletskiy, Dimitri A. Sun-Mack, Sunny Suslova, A. Sutton, Adrienne J. Swart, Sebastiann Sweet, William Takahashi, Kenneth S. Tank, S. E. Taylor, Michael A. Tedesco, M. Thackeray, S. J. Thompson, Philip R. Timbal, Bertrand Timmermans, M. L. Tobin, Skie Tømmervik, H. Tourpali, Kleareti Trachte, Katja Tretiakov, M. Trewin, Blair C. Triñanes, Joaquin A. Trotman, Adrian R. Tschudi, Mark Tye, Mari R. van As, D. van de Wal, R. S.W. van der A, Ronald J. van der Schalie, Robin van der Schrier, Gerard van der Werf, Guido R. van Heerwaarden, Chiel Van Meerbeeck, Cedric J. Verburg, Piet Vieira, G. Vincent, Lucie A. Vömel, Holger Vose, Russell S. Walker, D. A. Walsh, J. E. Wang, Bin Wang, Hui Wang, Lei Wang, M. Wang, Mengqiu Wang, Ray Wang, Sheng Hung Wanninkhof, Rik Watanabe, Shohei Weber, Mark Webster, Melinda Weerts, Albrecht Weller, Robert A. Westberry, Toby K. Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A. Widlansky, Matthew J. Wijffels, Susan E. Wilber, Anne C. Wild, Jeanette D. Willett, Kate M. Wong, Takmeng Wood, E. F. Woolway, R. Iestyn Xue, Yan Yin, Xungang Yu, Lisan Zambrano, Eduardo Zeyaeyan, Sadegh Zhang, Huai Min Zhang, Peiqun Zhao, Guanguo Zhao, Lin Zhou, Xinjia Zhu, Zhiwei Ziemke, Jerry R. Ziese, Markus Andersen, Andrea Griffin, Jessicca Hammer, Gregory Love-Brotak, S. Elizabeth Misch, Deborah J. Riddle, Deborah B. Veasey, Sara W. 2019-01-01 https://research.ulapland.fi/fi/publications/511ca5c6-e4ea-45d2-bbeb-a202bc25516f https://doi.org/10.1175/2019BAMSStateoftheClimate.1 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85073052511&partnerID=8YFLogxK http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85073052511&partnerID=8YFLogxK eng eng https://research.ulapland.fi/fi/publications/511ca5c6-e4ea-45d2-bbeb-a202bc25516f info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Ades , M , Adler , R , Aldeco , L S , Alejandra , G , Alfaro , E J , Aliaga-Nestares , V , Allan , R P , Allan , R , Alves , L M , Amador , J A , Andersen , J K , Anderson , J , Arndt , D S , Arosio , C , Arrigo , K , Azorin-Molina , C , Bardin , M Y , Barichivich , J , Barreira , S , Baxter , S , Beck , H E , Becker , A , Bell , G D , Bellouin , N , Belmont , M , Benedetti , A , Benedict , I , Bernhard , G H , Berrisford , P , Berry , D I , Bettio , L , Bhatt , U S , Biskaborn , B K , Bissolli , P , Bjella , K L , Bjerke , J K , Blake , E S , Blenkinsop , S , Blunden , J , Bock , O , Bosilovich , M G , Boucher , O , Box , J E , Boyer , T , Braathen , G , Bringas , F G , Bromwich , D H , Brown , A , Brown , R , Brown , T J , Buehler , S A , Cáceres , L , Calderón , B , Camargo , S J , Campbell , J D , Campos Diaz , D A , Cappelen , J , Carrea , L , Carrier , S B , Carter , B R , Castro , A Y , Cetinic , I , Chambers , D P , Chen , L , Cheng , L , Cheng , V Y S , Christiansen , H H , Christy , J R , Chung , E S , Claus , F , Clem , K R , Coelho , C A S , Coldewey-Egbers , M , Colwell , S , Cooper , O R , Cosca , C , Covey , C , Coy , L , Dávila , C P , Davis , S M , de Eyto , E , de Jeu , R A M , De Laat , J , Decharme , B , Degasperi , C L , Degenstein , D , Demircan , M , Derksen , C , Dhurmea , K R , Di Girolamo , L , Diamond , H J , Diaz , E , Diniz , F A , Dlugokencky , E J , Dohan , K , Dokulil , M T , Dolman , A J , Domingues , C M , Domingues , R , Donat , M G , Dorigo , W A , Drozdov , D S , Druckenmiller , M L , Dunn , R J H , Durre , I , Dutton , G S , Elkharrim , M , Elkins , J W , Epstein , H E , Espinoza , J C , Famiglietti , J S , Farrell , S L , Fausto , R S , Feely , R A , Feng , Z , Fenimore , C , Fettweis , X , Fioletov , V E , Flemming , J , Fogt , R L , Forbes , B C , Foster , M J , Francis , S D , Franz , B A , Frey , R A , Frith , S M , Froidevaux , L , Ganter , C , Garforth , J , Gerland , S , Gilson , J , Gleason , K , Gobron , N , Goetz , S /dk/atira/pure/person/fieldofscience2010/1/17/1 name=Geosciences article 2019 ftulaplandcdispu https://doi.org/10.1175/2019BAMSStateoftheClimate.1 2024-05-27T23:39:57Z In 2018, the dominant greenhouse gases released into Earth's atmosphere-carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide-continued their increase. The annual global average carbon dioxide concentration at Earth's surface was 407.4 ± 0.1 ppm, the highest in the modern instrumental record and in ice core records dating back 800 000 years. Combined, greenhouse gases and several halogenated gases contribute just over 3 W m −2 to radiative forcing and represent a nearly 43% increase since 1990. Carbon dioxide is responsible for about 65% of this radiative forcing. With a weak La Niña in early 2018 transitioning to a weak El Niño by the year's end, the global surface (land and ocean) temperature was the fourth highest on record, with only 2015 through 2017 being warmer. Several European countries reported record high annual temperatures. There were also more high, and fewer low, temperature extremes than in nearly all of the 68-year extremes record. Madagascar recorded a record daily temperature of 40.5°C in Morondava in March, while South Korea set its record high of 41.0°C in August in Hongcheon. Nawabshah, Pakistan, recorded its highest temperature of 50.2°C, which may be a new daily world record for April. Globally, the annual lower troposphere temperature was third to seventh highest, depending on the dataset analyzed. The lower stratospheric temperature was approximately fifth lowest. The 2018 Arctic land surface temperature was 1.2°C above the 1981-2010 average, tying for third highest in the 118-year record, following 2016 and 2017. June's Arctic snow cover extent was almost half of what it was 35 years ago. Across Greenland, however, regional summer temperatures were generally below or near average. Additionally, a satellite survey of 47 glaciers in Greenland indicated a net increase in area for the first time since records began in 1999. Increasing permafrost temperatures were reported at most observation sites in the Arctic, with the overall increase of 0.1°-0.2°C between 2017 and 2018 being comparable to the ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Greenland Ice ice core permafrost LaCRIS - University of Lapland Current Research System Arctic Greenland Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 100 9 Si S306 |