Seasonal evolution of the sea-ice floe size distribution in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas
The size distribution of ice floes in the polar seas affects the dynamics and thermodynamics of the ice cover, and ice-ocean models are beginning to include the floe size distribution (FSD) in their simulations. The FSD has previously been reported to follow a power law of the form x−α, where x is t...
Published in: | Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
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2018
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Online Access: | https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/en/publications/daa05e17-c4d1-46f4-990f-47e067dbc7dd https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.305 https://pureadmin.uhi.ac.uk/ws/files/3762821/305_5326_1_PB.pdf https://www.elementascience.org/article/10.1525/elementa.305/ |
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ftuhipublicatio:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/daa05e17-c4d1-46f4-990f-47e067dbc7dd 2024-09-15T17:58:50+00:00 Seasonal evolution of the sea-ice floe size distribution in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas Stern, Harry L. Schweiger, Axel J. Stark, Margaret Zhang, Jinlun Steele, Michael Hwang, Byongjun 2018-07-05 application/pdf https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/en/publications/daa05e17-c4d1-46f4-990f-47e067dbc7dd https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.305 https://pureadmin.uhi.ac.uk/ws/files/3762821/305_5326_1_PB.pdf https://www.elementascience.org/article/10.1525/elementa.305/ eng eng https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/en/publications/daa05e17-c4d1-46f4-990f-47e067dbc7dd info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Stern , H L , Schweiger , A J , Stark , M , Zhang , J , Steele , M & Hwang , B 2018 , ' Seasonal evolution of the sea-ice floe size distribution in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas ' , Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene , vol. 6 , no. 1 . https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.305 Sea ice floe size distribution Beaufort Sea Chukchi Sea power law article 2018 ftuhipublicatio https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.305 2024-08-12T23:37:04Z The size distribution of ice floes in the polar seas affects the dynamics and thermodynamics of the ice cover, and ice-ocean models are beginning to include the floe size distribution (FSD) in their simulations. The FSD has previously been reported to follow a power law of the form x−α, where x is the floe size and –α characterizes how steeply the number of floes decreases as x increases. Different studies have found different values of α and different ranges of x over which the power law applies. We found that a power law describes the FSD in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas reasonably well over floe sizes from 2 to 30 km, based on 187 visible-band satellite images (resolution 250 m) acquired during spring through fall of 2013 and 2014. The mean power-law exponent goes through a seasonal cycle in which α increases in spring, peaks in July or August, and decreases in fall. June is the transition month from spring FSD to summer FSD. This cycle is consistent with the processes of floe break-up in spring followed by preferential melting of smaller floes in summer and the return of larger floes after fall freeze-up. We also analyzed 12 high-resolution satellite images acquired near the low-resolution images in space and time. We found that the FSDs from the high-resolution images follow power laws over floe sizes from 10 m to 3 km. While the power-law exponents of the corresponding high- and low-resolution images do not always match in a strict statistical sense, they suggest the plausibility that the FSD follows a single power law over a wide range of floe sizes. This study covers a larger spatial and temporal sampling space and is based on more satellite images than previous studies. Results have been used for model calibration and validation. Article in Journal/Newspaper Beaufort Sea Chukchi Chukchi Sea Sea ice University of the Highlands and Islands: Research Database of UHI Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene 6 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of the Highlands and Islands: Research Database of UHI |
op_collection_id |
ftuhipublicatio |
language |
English |
topic |
Sea ice floe size distribution Beaufort Sea Chukchi Sea power law |
spellingShingle |
Sea ice floe size distribution Beaufort Sea Chukchi Sea power law Stern, Harry L. Schweiger, Axel J. Stark, Margaret Zhang, Jinlun Steele, Michael Hwang, Byongjun Seasonal evolution of the sea-ice floe size distribution in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas |
topic_facet |
Sea ice floe size distribution Beaufort Sea Chukchi Sea power law |
description |
The size distribution of ice floes in the polar seas affects the dynamics and thermodynamics of the ice cover, and ice-ocean models are beginning to include the floe size distribution (FSD) in their simulations. The FSD has previously been reported to follow a power law of the form x−α, where x is the floe size and –α characterizes how steeply the number of floes decreases as x increases. Different studies have found different values of α and different ranges of x over which the power law applies. We found that a power law describes the FSD in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas reasonably well over floe sizes from 2 to 30 km, based on 187 visible-band satellite images (resolution 250 m) acquired during spring through fall of 2013 and 2014. The mean power-law exponent goes through a seasonal cycle in which α increases in spring, peaks in July or August, and decreases in fall. June is the transition month from spring FSD to summer FSD. This cycle is consistent with the processes of floe break-up in spring followed by preferential melting of smaller floes in summer and the return of larger floes after fall freeze-up. We also analyzed 12 high-resolution satellite images acquired near the low-resolution images in space and time. We found that the FSDs from the high-resolution images follow power laws over floe sizes from 10 m to 3 km. While the power-law exponents of the corresponding high- and low-resolution images do not always match in a strict statistical sense, they suggest the plausibility that the FSD follows a single power law over a wide range of floe sizes. This study covers a larger spatial and temporal sampling space and is based on more satellite images than previous studies. Results have been used for model calibration and validation. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Stern, Harry L. Schweiger, Axel J. Stark, Margaret Zhang, Jinlun Steele, Michael Hwang, Byongjun |
author_facet |
Stern, Harry L. Schweiger, Axel J. Stark, Margaret Zhang, Jinlun Steele, Michael Hwang, Byongjun |
author_sort |
Stern, Harry L. |
title |
Seasonal evolution of the sea-ice floe size distribution in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas |
title_short |
Seasonal evolution of the sea-ice floe size distribution in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas |
title_full |
Seasonal evolution of the sea-ice floe size distribution in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas |
title_fullStr |
Seasonal evolution of the sea-ice floe size distribution in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas |
title_full_unstemmed |
Seasonal evolution of the sea-ice floe size distribution in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas |
title_sort |
seasonal evolution of the sea-ice floe size distribution in the beaufort and chukchi seas |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/en/publications/daa05e17-c4d1-46f4-990f-47e067dbc7dd https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.305 https://pureadmin.uhi.ac.uk/ws/files/3762821/305_5326_1_PB.pdf https://www.elementascience.org/article/10.1525/elementa.305/ |
genre |
Beaufort Sea Chukchi Chukchi Sea Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Beaufort Sea Chukchi Chukchi Sea Sea ice |
op_source |
Stern , H L , Schweiger , A J , Stark , M , Zhang , J , Steele , M & Hwang , B 2018 , ' Seasonal evolution of the sea-ice floe size distribution in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas ' , Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene , vol. 6 , no. 1 . https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.305 |
op_relation |
https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/en/publications/daa05e17-c4d1-46f4-990f-47e067dbc7dd |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.305 |
container_title |
Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
container_volume |
6 |
_version_ |
1810435798408888320 |