Photophysiological cycles in Arctic krill are entrained by weak midday twilight during the Polar Night
Light plays a fundamental role in the ecology of organisms in nearly all habitats on Earth and is central for processes such as vision and the entrainment of the circadian clock. The poles represent extreme light regimes with an annual light cycle including periods of Midnight Sun and Polar Night. T...
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Online Access: | https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/en/publications/bb54ff2e-8381-4154-b0b9-cf3c3531399d https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001413 https://pureadmin.uhi.ac.uk/ws/files/16814057/journal.pbio.3001413.pdf |
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ftuhipublicatio:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/bb54ff2e-8381-4154-b0b9-cf3c3531399d 2024-05-19T07:33:15+00:00 Photophysiological cycles in Arctic krill are entrained by weak midday twilight during the Polar Night Cohen, Jonathan H. Last, Kim S. Charpentier, Corie L. Cottier, Finlo Daase, Malin Hobbs, Laura Johnsen, Geir Berge, Jørgen Hedenström, Anders 2021-10-19 application/pdf https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/en/publications/bb54ff2e-8381-4154-b0b9-cf3c3531399d https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001413 https://pureadmin.uhi.ac.uk/ws/files/16814057/journal.pbio.3001413.pdf eng eng https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/en/publications/bb54ff2e-8381-4154-b0b9-cf3c3531399d info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Cohen , J H , Last , K S , Charpentier , C L , Cottier , F , Daase , M , Hobbs , L , Johnsen , G , Berge , J & Hedenström , A (ed.) 2021 , ' Photophysiological cycles in Arctic krill are entrained by weak midday twilight during the Polar Night ' , PLoS Biology , vol. 19 , no. 10 , e3001413 . https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001413 Light Twilight Sunlight Vision Zooplankton Latitude Circadian rhythms Acoustics article 2021 ftuhipublicatio https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001413 2024-05-02T00:07:13Z Light plays a fundamental role in the ecology of organisms in nearly all habitats on Earth and is central for processes such as vision and the entrainment of the circadian clock. The poles represent extreme light regimes with an annual light cycle including periods of Midnight Sun and Polar Night. The Arctic Ocean extends to the North Pole, and marine light extremes reach their maximum extent in this habitat. During the Polar Night, traditional definitions of day and night and seasonal photoperiod become irrelevant since there are only “twilight” periods defined by the sun’s elevation below the horizon at midday; we term this “midday twilight.” Here, we characterize light across a latitudinal gradient (76.5° N to 81° N) during Polar Night in January. Our light measurements demonstrate that the classical solar diel light cycle dominant at lower latitudes is modulated during Arctic Polar Night by lunar and auroral components. We therefore question whether this particular ambient light environment is relevant to behavioral and visual processes. We reveal from acoustic field observations that the zooplankton community is undergoing diel vertical migration (DVM) behavior. Furthermore, using electroretinogram (ERG) recording under constant darkness, we show that the main migratory species, Arctic krill (Thysanoessa inermis) show endogenous increases in visual sensitivity during the subjective night. This change in sensitivity is comparable to that under exogenous dim light acclimations, although differences in speed of vision suggest separate mechanisms. We conclude that the extremely weak midday twilight experienced by krill at high latitudes during the darkest parts of the year has physiological and ecological relevance. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic krill Arctic Arctic Ocean North Pole polar night Zooplankton midnight sun Thysanoessa inermis University of the Highlands and Islands: Research Database of UHI PLOS Biology 19 10 e3001413 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of the Highlands and Islands: Research Database of UHI |
op_collection_id |
ftuhipublicatio |
language |
English |
topic |
Light Twilight Sunlight Vision Zooplankton Latitude Circadian rhythms Acoustics |
spellingShingle |
Light Twilight Sunlight Vision Zooplankton Latitude Circadian rhythms Acoustics Cohen, Jonathan H. Last, Kim S. Charpentier, Corie L. Cottier, Finlo Daase, Malin Hobbs, Laura Johnsen, Geir Berge, Jørgen Photophysiological cycles in Arctic krill are entrained by weak midday twilight during the Polar Night |
topic_facet |
Light Twilight Sunlight Vision Zooplankton Latitude Circadian rhythms Acoustics |
description |
Light plays a fundamental role in the ecology of organisms in nearly all habitats on Earth and is central for processes such as vision and the entrainment of the circadian clock. The poles represent extreme light regimes with an annual light cycle including periods of Midnight Sun and Polar Night. The Arctic Ocean extends to the North Pole, and marine light extremes reach their maximum extent in this habitat. During the Polar Night, traditional definitions of day and night and seasonal photoperiod become irrelevant since there are only “twilight” periods defined by the sun’s elevation below the horizon at midday; we term this “midday twilight.” Here, we characterize light across a latitudinal gradient (76.5° N to 81° N) during Polar Night in January. Our light measurements demonstrate that the classical solar diel light cycle dominant at lower latitudes is modulated during Arctic Polar Night by lunar and auroral components. We therefore question whether this particular ambient light environment is relevant to behavioral and visual processes. We reveal from acoustic field observations that the zooplankton community is undergoing diel vertical migration (DVM) behavior. Furthermore, using electroretinogram (ERG) recording under constant darkness, we show that the main migratory species, Arctic krill (Thysanoessa inermis) show endogenous increases in visual sensitivity during the subjective night. This change in sensitivity is comparable to that under exogenous dim light acclimations, although differences in speed of vision suggest separate mechanisms. We conclude that the extremely weak midday twilight experienced by krill at high latitudes during the darkest parts of the year has physiological and ecological relevance. |
author2 |
Hedenström, Anders |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Cohen, Jonathan H. Last, Kim S. Charpentier, Corie L. Cottier, Finlo Daase, Malin Hobbs, Laura Johnsen, Geir Berge, Jørgen |
author_facet |
Cohen, Jonathan H. Last, Kim S. Charpentier, Corie L. Cottier, Finlo Daase, Malin Hobbs, Laura Johnsen, Geir Berge, Jørgen |
author_sort |
Cohen, Jonathan H. |
title |
Photophysiological cycles in Arctic krill are entrained by weak midday twilight during the Polar Night |
title_short |
Photophysiological cycles in Arctic krill are entrained by weak midday twilight during the Polar Night |
title_full |
Photophysiological cycles in Arctic krill are entrained by weak midday twilight during the Polar Night |
title_fullStr |
Photophysiological cycles in Arctic krill are entrained by weak midday twilight during the Polar Night |
title_full_unstemmed |
Photophysiological cycles in Arctic krill are entrained by weak midday twilight during the Polar Night |
title_sort |
photophysiological cycles in arctic krill are entrained by weak midday twilight during the polar night |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/en/publications/bb54ff2e-8381-4154-b0b9-cf3c3531399d https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001413 https://pureadmin.uhi.ac.uk/ws/files/16814057/journal.pbio.3001413.pdf |
genre |
Arctic Arctic krill Arctic Arctic Ocean North Pole polar night Zooplankton midnight sun Thysanoessa inermis |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic krill Arctic Arctic Ocean North Pole polar night Zooplankton midnight sun Thysanoessa inermis |
op_source |
Cohen , J H , Last , K S , Charpentier , C L , Cottier , F , Daase , M , Hobbs , L , Johnsen , G , Berge , J & Hedenström , A (ed.) 2021 , ' Photophysiological cycles in Arctic krill are entrained by weak midday twilight during the Polar Night ' , PLoS Biology , vol. 19 , no. 10 , e3001413 . https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001413 |
op_relation |
https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/en/publications/bb54ff2e-8381-4154-b0b9-cf3c3531399d |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001413 |
container_title |
PLOS Biology |
container_volume |
19 |
container_issue |
10 |
container_start_page |
e3001413 |
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1799471329247756288 |