An Introduction to the Biology of Northern Krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica Sars)
This chapter provides a background to research on Northern krill biology, starting with a description of its morphology and identifying features, and the historical path to its eventual position as a single-species genus. There is a lack of any euphausiid fossil material, so phylogenetic analysis ha...
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ftuhipublicatio:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/8aefcd53-19d4-4718-ba7e-7fa07cceb3c4 2024-09-09T19:27:22+00:00 An Introduction to the Biology of Northern Krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica Sars) Tarling, Geraint A. Ensor, Natalie S. Fregin, Torsten Goodall-Copestake, William P. Fretwell, Peter 2010-10-16 https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/en/publications/8aefcd53-19d4-4718-ba7e-7fa07cceb3c4 https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-381308-4.00001-7 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780123813084000017 eng eng Elsevier https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/en/publications/8aefcd53-19d4-4718-ba7e-7fa07cceb3c4 urn:ISBN:978-0-12-381308-4 info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess Tarling , G A , Ensor , N S , Fregin , T , Goodall-Copestake , W P & Fretwell , P 2010 , An Introduction to the Biology of Northern Krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica Sars) . in Advances in Marine Biology . vol. 57 , Elsevier , pp. 1-40 . https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-381308-4.00001-7 bookPart 2010 ftuhipublicatio https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-381308-4.00001-7 2024-08-12T23:37:04Z This chapter provides a background to research on Northern krill biology, starting with a description of its morphology and identifying features, and the historical path to its eventual position as a single-species genus. There is a lack of any euphausiid fossil material, so phylogenetic analysis has relied on comparative morphology and ontogeny and, more recently, genetic methods. Although details differ, the consensus of these approaches is that Meganyctiphanes is most closely related to the genus Thysanoessa. The light organs (or photophores) are well developed in Northern krill and the control of luminescence in these organs is described. A consideration of the distribution of the species shows that it principally occupies shelf and slope waters of both the western and eastern coasts of the North Atlantic, with a southern limit at the boundary with sub-tropical waters (plus parts of the Mediterranean) and a northern limit at the boundary with Arctic water masses. Recent evidence of a northward expansion of these distributional limits is considered further. There have been a variety of techniques used to sample and survey Northern krill populations for a variety of purposes, which this chapter collates and assesses in terms of their effectiveness. Northern krill play an important ecological role, both as a contributor to the carbon pump through the transport of faecal material to the deeper layers, and as a key prey item for groundfish, squid, baleen whales, and seabirds. The commercial exploitation of Northern krill has been slow to emerge since its potential was considered by Mauchline [Mauchline, J (1980). The biology of mysids and euphausiids. Adv. Mar. Biol. 18, 1–681]. However, new uses for products derived from krill are currently being found, which may lead to a new wave of exploitation. Book Part Arctic baleen whales Meganyctiphanes norvegica North Atlantic Northern krill University of the Highlands and Islands: Research Database of UHI Arctic 1 40 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of the Highlands and Islands: Research Database of UHI |
op_collection_id |
ftuhipublicatio |
language |
English |
description |
This chapter provides a background to research on Northern krill biology, starting with a description of its morphology and identifying features, and the historical path to its eventual position as a single-species genus. There is a lack of any euphausiid fossil material, so phylogenetic analysis has relied on comparative morphology and ontogeny and, more recently, genetic methods. Although details differ, the consensus of these approaches is that Meganyctiphanes is most closely related to the genus Thysanoessa. The light organs (or photophores) are well developed in Northern krill and the control of luminescence in these organs is described. A consideration of the distribution of the species shows that it principally occupies shelf and slope waters of both the western and eastern coasts of the North Atlantic, with a southern limit at the boundary with sub-tropical waters (plus parts of the Mediterranean) and a northern limit at the boundary with Arctic water masses. Recent evidence of a northward expansion of these distributional limits is considered further. There have been a variety of techniques used to sample and survey Northern krill populations for a variety of purposes, which this chapter collates and assesses in terms of their effectiveness. Northern krill play an important ecological role, both as a contributor to the carbon pump through the transport of faecal material to the deeper layers, and as a key prey item for groundfish, squid, baleen whales, and seabirds. The commercial exploitation of Northern krill has been slow to emerge since its potential was considered by Mauchline [Mauchline, J (1980). The biology of mysids and euphausiids. Adv. Mar. Biol. 18, 1–681]. However, new uses for products derived from krill are currently being found, which may lead to a new wave of exploitation. |
format |
Book Part |
author |
Tarling, Geraint A. Ensor, Natalie S. Fregin, Torsten Goodall-Copestake, William P. Fretwell, Peter |
spellingShingle |
Tarling, Geraint A. Ensor, Natalie S. Fregin, Torsten Goodall-Copestake, William P. Fretwell, Peter An Introduction to the Biology of Northern Krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica Sars) |
author_facet |
Tarling, Geraint A. Ensor, Natalie S. Fregin, Torsten Goodall-Copestake, William P. Fretwell, Peter |
author_sort |
Tarling, Geraint A. |
title |
An Introduction to the Biology of Northern Krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica Sars) |
title_short |
An Introduction to the Biology of Northern Krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica Sars) |
title_full |
An Introduction to the Biology of Northern Krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica Sars) |
title_fullStr |
An Introduction to the Biology of Northern Krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica Sars) |
title_full_unstemmed |
An Introduction to the Biology of Northern Krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica Sars) |
title_sort |
introduction to the biology of northern krill (meganyctiphanes norvegica sars) |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/en/publications/8aefcd53-19d4-4718-ba7e-7fa07cceb3c4 https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-381308-4.00001-7 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780123813084000017 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic baleen whales Meganyctiphanes norvegica North Atlantic Northern krill |
genre_facet |
Arctic baleen whales Meganyctiphanes norvegica North Atlantic Northern krill |
op_source |
Tarling , G A , Ensor , N S , Fregin , T , Goodall-Copestake , W P & Fretwell , P 2010 , An Introduction to the Biology of Northern Krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica Sars) . in Advances in Marine Biology . vol. 57 , Elsevier , pp. 1-40 . https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-381308-4.00001-7 |
op_relation |
https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/en/publications/8aefcd53-19d4-4718-ba7e-7fa07cceb3c4 urn:ISBN:978-0-12-381308-4 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-381308-4.00001-7 |
container_start_page |
1 |
op_container_end_page |
40 |
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1809896804116856832 |