State–dependent shifts between nocturnal and diurnal activity in salmon
Animal species have usually evolved to be active at a specific time of the daily cycle, and so are either diurnal, nocturnal or crepuscular. However, we show here that the daily timing of activity in juvenile Atlantic salmon is related to the life-history strategy that they have adopted (i.e. the ag...
Published in: | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences |
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ftuglasgow:oai:eprints.gla.ac.uk:71319 2023-05-15T15:32:39+02:00 State–dependent shifts between nocturnal and diurnal activity in salmon Metcalfe, N.B. Fraser, N.H.C. Burns, M.D. 1998 https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/71319/ unknown The Royal Society Metcalfe, N.B. <http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/10179.html> , Fraser, N.H.C. and Burns, M.D. (1998) State–dependent shifts between nocturnal and diurnal activity in salmon. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B: Biological Sciences <https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/journal_volume/Proceedings_of_the_Royal_Society_of_London_Series_B=3A_Biological_Sciences.html>, 265(1405), pp. 1503-1507. (doi:10.1098/rspb.1998.0464 <https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1998.0464>) (PMCID:PMC1689326) Articles PeerReviewed 1998 ftuglasgow https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1998.0464 2022-09-22T22:11:02Z Animal species have usually evolved to be active at a specific time of the daily cycle, and so are either diurnal, nocturnal or crepuscular. However, we show here that the daily timing of activity in juvenile Atlantic salmon is related to the life-history strategy that they have adopted (i.e. the age at which they will migrate to the sea) and their current state (body size/relative nutritional state). Salmon can detect food more easily by day than by night, but the risk of predation is greater. Nocturnal foraging should generally be preferred, but the greater the need for growth, the greater should be the shift towards diurnal activity. In line with this prediction, all ¢sh were predominantly nocturnal, but salmon preparing to migrate to the sea, which would experience size-dependent mortality during the forthcoming migration, were more diurnal than ¢sh of the same age and size that were delaying migration for a further year. Moreover, the proportion of activity by day was negatively correlated with body size within the intending migrants. It has previously been shown that overwinter survival in fish delaying migration is maximized not by growth but by minimizing exposure to predators. As predicted, daytime activity in these fish was correlated with the prior rate of weight loss, fish being more diurnal when their risk of starvation was greater. To our knowledge, these are the first quantitative demonstrations of state-dependent variation in the timing of daily activity. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon University of Glasgow: Enlighten - Publications Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 265 1405 1503 1507 |
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University of Glasgow: Enlighten - Publications |
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ftuglasgow |
language |
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description |
Animal species have usually evolved to be active at a specific time of the daily cycle, and so are either diurnal, nocturnal or crepuscular. However, we show here that the daily timing of activity in juvenile Atlantic salmon is related to the life-history strategy that they have adopted (i.e. the age at which they will migrate to the sea) and their current state (body size/relative nutritional state). Salmon can detect food more easily by day than by night, but the risk of predation is greater. Nocturnal foraging should generally be preferred, but the greater the need for growth, the greater should be the shift towards diurnal activity. In line with this prediction, all ¢sh were predominantly nocturnal, but salmon preparing to migrate to the sea, which would experience size-dependent mortality during the forthcoming migration, were more diurnal than ¢sh of the same age and size that were delaying migration for a further year. Moreover, the proportion of activity by day was negatively correlated with body size within the intending migrants. It has previously been shown that overwinter survival in fish delaying migration is maximized not by growth but by minimizing exposure to predators. As predicted, daytime activity in these fish was correlated with the prior rate of weight loss, fish being more diurnal when their risk of starvation was greater. To our knowledge, these are the first quantitative demonstrations of state-dependent variation in the timing of daily activity. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Metcalfe, N.B. Fraser, N.H.C. Burns, M.D. |
spellingShingle |
Metcalfe, N.B. Fraser, N.H.C. Burns, M.D. State–dependent shifts between nocturnal and diurnal activity in salmon |
author_facet |
Metcalfe, N.B. Fraser, N.H.C. Burns, M.D. |
author_sort |
Metcalfe, N.B. |
title |
State–dependent shifts between nocturnal and diurnal activity in salmon |
title_short |
State–dependent shifts between nocturnal and diurnal activity in salmon |
title_full |
State–dependent shifts between nocturnal and diurnal activity in salmon |
title_fullStr |
State–dependent shifts between nocturnal and diurnal activity in salmon |
title_full_unstemmed |
State–dependent shifts between nocturnal and diurnal activity in salmon |
title_sort |
state–dependent shifts between nocturnal and diurnal activity in salmon |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
1998 |
url |
https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/71319/ |
genre |
Atlantic salmon |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon |
op_relation |
Metcalfe, N.B. <http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/10179.html> , Fraser, N.H.C. and Burns, M.D. (1998) State–dependent shifts between nocturnal and diurnal activity in salmon. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B: Biological Sciences <https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/journal_volume/Proceedings_of_the_Royal_Society_of_London_Series_B=3A_Biological_Sciences.html>, 265(1405), pp. 1503-1507. (doi:10.1098/rspb.1998.0464 <https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1998.0464>) (PMCID:PMC1689326) |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1998.0464 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences |
container_volume |
265 |
container_issue |
1405 |
container_start_page |
1503 |
op_container_end_page |
1507 |
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1766363142552551424 |