Influence of diet and foraging strategy on reproductive success in two morphologically similar sympatric seabirds

• Published in: Bird Study
• Main Authors: Robertson, Gail S., Bolton, Mark, Monaghan, Pat
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: unknown
• Published: British Trust for Ornithology 2016
• Subjects: Arctic; Common tern; Sterna hirundo; Sterna paradisaea
• Online Access: https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/130162/

Capsule: Morphologically similar sympatrically breeding species differ in diet and foraging strategies, which could explain interspecific variation in breeding success and reproductive output. Aims: To compare provisioning rate and diet of nestling Arctic (Sterna paradisaea) and Common Terns (Sterna hirundo), and examine how variation in provisioning behaviour influences reproductive parameters. Methods: Arctic and Common Tern nests were observed from June to July 2011 on Coquet Island, northeast England. We compared chick provisioning rate, diet and energy delivery rate between species, and examined whether these parameters were associated with interspecific differences in chick growth and survival, and total number of chicks fledged. Results: Arctic Terns delivered higher percentages of smaller Sandeels (Ammodytes marinus) and juvenile fish to chicks than did Common Terns, which delivered comparatively high percentages of larger Sprats (Sprattus sprattus). Although chick growth rate and survival were not significantly different between species, Common Terns fledged more chicks than Arctic Terns due to a tendency for larger clutch sizes. Conclusion: Our study suggests that interspecific differences in diet and foraging strategies can support total reproductive output in morphologically similar species.