Fast magma ascent, revised estimates from the deglaciation of Iceland
Partial melting of asthenospheric mantle generates magma that supplies volcanic systems. The timescale of melt extraction from the mantle has been hotly debated. Microstructural measurements of permeability typically suggest relatively slow melt extraction (1 m/yr) whereas geochemical (Uranium-decay...
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ftucambridgeesc:oai:eprints.esc.cam.ac.uk:4896 2023-05-15T16:48:00+02:00 Fast magma ascent, revised estimates from the deglaciation of Iceland Rees Jones, David W. Rudge, John F. 2020 text http://eprints.esc.cam.ac.uk/4896/ http://eprints.esc.cam.ac.uk/4896/1/1910.08318v2.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116324 en eng Elsevier http://eprints.esc.cam.ac.uk/4896/1/1910.08318v2.pdf Rees Jones, David W. and Rudge, John F. (2020) Fast magma ascent, revised estimates from the deglaciation of Iceland. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 542. p. 116324. ISSN 0012821X DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116324 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116324> 02 - Geodynamics Geophysics and Tectonics Article PeerReviewed 2020 ftucambridgeesc https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116324 2021-05-20T22:16:34Z Partial melting of asthenospheric mantle generates magma that supplies volcanic systems. The timescale of melt extraction from the mantle has been hotly debated. Microstructural measurements of permeability typically suggest relatively slow melt extraction (1 m/yr) whereas geochemical (Uranium-decay series) and geophysical observations suggest much faster melt extraction (100 m/yr). The deglaciation of Iceland triggered additional mantle melting and magma flux at the surface. The rapid response has been used to argue for relatively rapid melt extraction. However, this episode must, at least to some extent, be unrepresentative, because the rates of magma eruption at the surface increased about thirty-fold relative to the steady state. Our goal is to quantify this unrepresentativeness. We develop a one-dimensional, time-dependent and nonlinear (far from steady-state), model forced by the most recent, and best mapped, Icelandic deglaciation. We find that 30 m/yr is the best estimate of the steady-state maximum melt velocity. This is a factor of about 3 smaller than previously claimed, but still relatively fast. We translate these estimates to other mid-ocean ridges accounting for differences in passive and active upwelling and degree of melting. We find that fast melt extraction greater than about 10 m/yr prevails globally. Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland University of Cambridge, Department of Earth Sciences: ESC Publications Earth and Planetary Science Letters 542 116324 |
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Open Polar |
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University of Cambridge, Department of Earth Sciences: ESC Publications |
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ftucambridgeesc |
language |
English |
topic |
02 - Geodynamics Geophysics and Tectonics |
spellingShingle |
02 - Geodynamics Geophysics and Tectonics Rees Jones, David W. Rudge, John F. Fast magma ascent, revised estimates from the deglaciation of Iceland |
topic_facet |
02 - Geodynamics Geophysics and Tectonics |
description |
Partial melting of asthenospheric mantle generates magma that supplies volcanic systems. The timescale of melt extraction from the mantle has been hotly debated. Microstructural measurements of permeability typically suggest relatively slow melt extraction (1 m/yr) whereas geochemical (Uranium-decay series) and geophysical observations suggest much faster melt extraction (100 m/yr). The deglaciation of Iceland triggered additional mantle melting and magma flux at the surface. The rapid response has been used to argue for relatively rapid melt extraction. However, this episode must, at least to some extent, be unrepresentative, because the rates of magma eruption at the surface increased about thirty-fold relative to the steady state. Our goal is to quantify this unrepresentativeness. We develop a one-dimensional, time-dependent and nonlinear (far from steady-state), model forced by the most recent, and best mapped, Icelandic deglaciation. We find that 30 m/yr is the best estimate of the steady-state maximum melt velocity. This is a factor of about 3 smaller than previously claimed, but still relatively fast. We translate these estimates to other mid-ocean ridges accounting for differences in passive and active upwelling and degree of melting. We find that fast melt extraction greater than about 10 m/yr prevails globally. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rees Jones, David W. Rudge, John F. |
author_facet |
Rees Jones, David W. Rudge, John F. |
author_sort |
Rees Jones, David W. |
title |
Fast magma ascent, revised estimates from the deglaciation of Iceland |
title_short |
Fast magma ascent, revised estimates from the deglaciation of Iceland |
title_full |
Fast magma ascent, revised estimates from the deglaciation of Iceland |
title_fullStr |
Fast magma ascent, revised estimates from the deglaciation of Iceland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Fast magma ascent, revised estimates from the deglaciation of Iceland |
title_sort |
fast magma ascent, revised estimates from the deglaciation of iceland |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://eprints.esc.cam.ac.uk/4896/ http://eprints.esc.cam.ac.uk/4896/1/1910.08318v2.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116324 |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_relation |
http://eprints.esc.cam.ac.uk/4896/1/1910.08318v2.pdf Rees Jones, David W. and Rudge, John F. (2020) Fast magma ascent, revised estimates from the deglaciation of Iceland. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 542. p. 116324. ISSN 0012821X DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116324 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116324> |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116324 |
container_title |
Earth and Planetary Science Letters |
container_volume |
542 |
container_start_page |
116324 |
_version_ |
1766038093881671680 |