Territory surveillance and prey management: Wolves keep track of space and time
Identifying behavioral mechanisms that underlie observed movement patterns is difficult when animals employ sophisticated cognitive‐based strategies. Such strategies may arise when timing of return visits is important, for instance to allow for resource renewal or territorial patrolling. We fitted s...
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ftubpotsdam:oai:kobv.de-opus4-uni-potsdam:46298 2023-05-15T15:50:59+02:00 Territory surveillance and prey management: Wolves keep track of space and time Schlägel, Ulrike E. (Dr.) Merrill, Evelyn H. Lewis, Mark A. 2017 https://publishup.uni-potsdam.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/46298 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3176 eng eng https://publishup.uni-potsdam.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/46298 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3176 info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess Institut für Biochemie und Biologie article doc-type:article 2017 ftubpotsdam https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3176 2023-03-26T22:32:58Z Identifying behavioral mechanisms that underlie observed movement patterns is difficult when animals employ sophisticated cognitive‐based strategies. Such strategies may arise when timing of return visits is important, for instance to allow for resource renewal or territorial patrolling. We fitted spatially explicit random‐walk models to GPS movement data of six wolves (Canis lupus; Linnaeus, 1758) from Alberta, Canada to investigate the importance of the following: (1) territorial surveillance likely related to renewal of scent marks along territorial edges, to reduce intraspecific risk among packs, and (2) delay in return to recently hunted areas, which may be related to anti‐predator responses of prey under varying prey densities. The movement models incorporated the spatiotemporal variable “time since last visit,” which acts as a wolf's memory index of its travel history and is integrated into the movement decision along with its position in relation to territory boundaries and information on local prey densities. We used a model selection framework to test hypotheses about the combined importance of these variables in wolf movement strategies. Time‐dependent movement for territory surveillance was supported by all wolf movement tracks. Wolves generally avoided territory edges, but this avoidance was reduced as time since last visit increased. Time‐dependent prey management was weak except in one wolf. This wolf selected locations with longer time since last visit and lower prey density, which led to a longer delay in revisiting high prey density sites. Our study shows that we can use spatially explicit random walks to identify behavioral strategies that merge environmental information and explicit spatiotemporal information on past movements (i.e., “when” and “where”) to make movement decisions. The approach allows us to better understand cognition‐based movement in relation to dynamic environments and resources. Article in Journal/Newspaper Canis lupus University of Potsdam: publish.UP Canada Ecology and Evolution 7 20 8388 8405 |
institution |
Open Polar |
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University of Potsdam: publish.UP |
op_collection_id |
ftubpotsdam |
language |
English |
topic |
Institut für Biochemie und Biologie |
spellingShingle |
Institut für Biochemie und Biologie Schlägel, Ulrike E. (Dr.) Merrill, Evelyn H. Lewis, Mark A. Territory surveillance and prey management: Wolves keep track of space and time |
topic_facet |
Institut für Biochemie und Biologie |
description |
Identifying behavioral mechanisms that underlie observed movement patterns is difficult when animals employ sophisticated cognitive‐based strategies. Such strategies may arise when timing of return visits is important, for instance to allow for resource renewal or territorial patrolling. We fitted spatially explicit random‐walk models to GPS movement data of six wolves (Canis lupus; Linnaeus, 1758) from Alberta, Canada to investigate the importance of the following: (1) territorial surveillance likely related to renewal of scent marks along territorial edges, to reduce intraspecific risk among packs, and (2) delay in return to recently hunted areas, which may be related to anti‐predator responses of prey under varying prey densities. The movement models incorporated the spatiotemporal variable “time since last visit,” which acts as a wolf's memory index of its travel history and is integrated into the movement decision along with its position in relation to territory boundaries and information on local prey densities. We used a model selection framework to test hypotheses about the combined importance of these variables in wolf movement strategies. Time‐dependent movement for territory surveillance was supported by all wolf movement tracks. Wolves generally avoided territory edges, but this avoidance was reduced as time since last visit increased. Time‐dependent prey management was weak except in one wolf. This wolf selected locations with longer time since last visit and lower prey density, which led to a longer delay in revisiting high prey density sites. Our study shows that we can use spatially explicit random walks to identify behavioral strategies that merge environmental information and explicit spatiotemporal information on past movements (i.e., “when” and “where”) to make movement decisions. The approach allows us to better understand cognition‐based movement in relation to dynamic environments and resources. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Schlägel, Ulrike E. (Dr.) Merrill, Evelyn H. Lewis, Mark A. |
author_facet |
Schlägel, Ulrike E. (Dr.) Merrill, Evelyn H. Lewis, Mark A. |
author_sort |
Schlägel, Ulrike E. (Dr.) |
title |
Territory surveillance and prey management: Wolves keep track of space and time |
title_short |
Territory surveillance and prey management: Wolves keep track of space and time |
title_full |
Territory surveillance and prey management: Wolves keep track of space and time |
title_fullStr |
Territory surveillance and prey management: Wolves keep track of space and time |
title_full_unstemmed |
Territory surveillance and prey management: Wolves keep track of space and time |
title_sort |
territory surveillance and prey management: wolves keep track of space and time |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://publishup.uni-potsdam.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/46298 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3176 |
geographic |
Canada |
geographic_facet |
Canada |
genre |
Canis lupus |
genre_facet |
Canis lupus |
op_relation |
https://publishup.uni-potsdam.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/46298 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3176 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3176 |
container_title |
Ecology and Evolution |
container_volume |
7 |
container_issue |
20 |
container_start_page |
8388 |
op_container_end_page |
8405 |
_version_ |
1766386020271521792 |