Impact of January 2005 solar proton events on chlorine species
Sudden changes in stratospheric chlorine species in the polar northern atmosphere, caused by the Solar Proton Events (SPEs) of 17 and 20 January 2005, have been investigated and compared with version 4 of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM4). We used Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS...
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European Geosciences Union
2014
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ftubkarlsruhe:oai:EVASTAR-Karlsruhe.de:1000038940 2023-05-15T18:02:17+02:00 Impact of January 2005 solar proton events on chlorine species Damiani, A. Funke, B. Marsh, D. R. López-Puertas, M. Santee, M. L. Froidevaux, L. Wang, S. Jackman, C. H. Clarmann, T. von Gardini, A. Cordero, R. R. Storini, M. 2014-02-27 application/pdf https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000038940 https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000038940/8002845 https://doi.org/10.5445/IR/1000038940 http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:swb:90-389406 eng eng European Geosciences Union info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/000304055600021 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/acp-12-4159-2012 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/1680-7316 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/1680-7324 https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000038940 https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000038940/8002845 https://doi.org/10.5445/IR/1000038940 http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:swb:90-389406 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.de info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC-BY Atmospheric chemistry and physics, 12, 4159-4179 ISSN: 1680-7316, 1680-7324 ddc:550 Earth sciences info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550 doc-type:article Text info:eu-repo/semantics/article article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2014 ftubkarlsruhe https://doi.org/10.5445/IR/1000038940 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-4159-2012 2022-03-23T19:03:52Z Sudden changes in stratospheric chlorine species in the polar northern atmosphere, caused by the Solar Proton Events (SPEs) of 17 and 20 January 2005, have been investigated and compared with version 4 of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM4). We used Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) measurements to monitor the variability of ClO, HCl, HOCl and Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounder (MIPAS) on ENVISAT to retrieve ClONO2. SPE-induced chlorine activation has been identified. HCl decrease occurred at nearly all the investigated altitudes (i.e., 10–0.5 hPa) with the strongest decrease (of about 0.25 ppbv) on 21 January. HOCl was found to be the main active chlorine species under nighttime conditions (with increases of more than 0.2 ppbv) whereas both HOCl and ClO enhancements (about 0.1 ppbv) have been observed at the polar night terminator. Further, small ClO decreases (of less than 0.1 ppbv) and ClONO2 enhancements (about 0.2 ppbv) have been observed at higher latitudes (i.e., at nighttime) roughly above 2 hPa. While WACCM4 reproduces most of the SPE-induced variability in the chlorine species fairly well, in some particular regions discrepancies between the modeled and measured temporal evolution of the abundances of chlorine species were found. HOCl changes are modelled very well with respect to both magnitude and geographic distribution. ClO decreases are reproduced at high latitudes, whereas ClO enhancements in the terminator region are underestimated and attributed to background variations. WACCM4 also reproduces the HCl depletion in the mesosphere but it does not show the observed decrease below about 2 hPa. Finally, WACCM4 simulations indicate that the observed ClONO2 increase is dominated by background variability, although SPE-induced production might contribute by 0.1 ... Article in Journal/Newspaper polar night KITopen (Karlsruhe Institute of Technologie) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
KITopen (Karlsruhe Institute of Technologie) |
op_collection_id |
ftubkarlsruhe |
language |
English |
topic |
ddc:550 Earth sciences info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550 |
spellingShingle |
ddc:550 Earth sciences info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550 Damiani, A. Funke, B. Marsh, D. R. López-Puertas, M. Santee, M. L. Froidevaux, L. Wang, S. Jackman, C. H. Clarmann, T. von Gardini, A. Cordero, R. R. Storini, M. Impact of January 2005 solar proton events on chlorine species |
topic_facet |
ddc:550 Earth sciences info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550 |
description |
Sudden changes in stratospheric chlorine species in the polar northern atmosphere, caused by the Solar Proton Events (SPEs) of 17 and 20 January 2005, have been investigated and compared with version 4 of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM4). We used Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) measurements to monitor the variability of ClO, HCl, HOCl and Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounder (MIPAS) on ENVISAT to retrieve ClONO2. SPE-induced chlorine activation has been identified. HCl decrease occurred at nearly all the investigated altitudes (i.e., 10–0.5 hPa) with the strongest decrease (of about 0.25 ppbv) on 21 January. HOCl was found to be the main active chlorine species under nighttime conditions (with increases of more than 0.2 ppbv) whereas both HOCl and ClO enhancements (about 0.1 ppbv) have been observed at the polar night terminator. Further, small ClO decreases (of less than 0.1 ppbv) and ClONO2 enhancements (about 0.2 ppbv) have been observed at higher latitudes (i.e., at nighttime) roughly above 2 hPa. While WACCM4 reproduces most of the SPE-induced variability in the chlorine species fairly well, in some particular regions discrepancies between the modeled and measured temporal evolution of the abundances of chlorine species were found. HOCl changes are modelled very well with respect to both magnitude and geographic distribution. ClO decreases are reproduced at high latitudes, whereas ClO enhancements in the terminator region are underestimated and attributed to background variations. WACCM4 also reproduces the HCl depletion in the mesosphere but it does not show the observed decrease below about 2 hPa. Finally, WACCM4 simulations indicate that the observed ClONO2 increase is dominated by background variability, although SPE-induced production might contribute by 0.1 ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Damiani, A. Funke, B. Marsh, D. R. López-Puertas, M. Santee, M. L. Froidevaux, L. Wang, S. Jackman, C. H. Clarmann, T. von Gardini, A. Cordero, R. R. Storini, M. |
author_facet |
Damiani, A. Funke, B. Marsh, D. R. López-Puertas, M. Santee, M. L. Froidevaux, L. Wang, S. Jackman, C. H. Clarmann, T. von Gardini, A. Cordero, R. R. Storini, M. |
author_sort |
Damiani, A. |
title |
Impact of January 2005 solar proton events on chlorine species |
title_short |
Impact of January 2005 solar proton events on chlorine species |
title_full |
Impact of January 2005 solar proton events on chlorine species |
title_fullStr |
Impact of January 2005 solar proton events on chlorine species |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of January 2005 solar proton events on chlorine species |
title_sort |
impact of january 2005 solar proton events on chlorine species |
publisher |
European Geosciences Union |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000038940 https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000038940/8002845 https://doi.org/10.5445/IR/1000038940 http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:swb:90-389406 |
genre |
polar night |
genre_facet |
polar night |
op_source |
Atmospheric chemistry and physics, 12, 4159-4179 ISSN: 1680-7316, 1680-7324 |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/000304055600021 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/acp-12-4159-2012 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/1680-7316 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/1680-7324 https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000038940 https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000038940/8002845 https://doi.org/10.5445/IR/1000038940 http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:swb:90-389406 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.de info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5445/IR/1000038940 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-4159-2012 |
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1766172090863452160 |