Using Predator-Prey Theory to Predict Outcomes of Broadscale Experiments to Reduce Apparent Competition
Serrouya R, Wittmann M, McLellan BN, Wittmer HU, Boutin S. Using Predator-Prey Theory to Predict Outcomes of Broadscale Experiments to Reduce Apparent Competition. The American Naturalist . 2015;185(5):665-679. Apparent competition is an important process influencing many ecological communities. We...
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ftubbiepub:oai:pub.uni-bielefeld.de:2915204 2023-05-15T13:13:31+02:00 Using Predator-Prey Theory to Predict Outcomes of Broadscale Experiments to Reduce Apparent Competition Serrouya, Robert Wittmann, Meike McLellan, Bruce N. Wittmer, Heiko U. Boutin, Stan 2015 https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/record/2915204 eng eng University of Chicago Press info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1086/680510 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/0003-0147 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/1537-5323 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/000353456600013 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/25905509 https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/record/2915204 info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess apparent competition predation Rangifer tarandus Canis lupus Odocoileus virginianus conservation http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:eu-repo/semantics/article doc-type:article text 2015 ftubbiepub https://doi.org/10.1086/680510 2022-02-08T22:35:06Z Serrouya R, Wittmann M, McLellan BN, Wittmer HU, Boutin S. Using Predator-Prey Theory to Predict Outcomes of Broadscale Experiments to Reduce Apparent Competition. The American Naturalist . 2015;185(5):665-679. Apparent competition is an important process influencing many ecological communities. We used predator-prey theory to predict outcomes of ecosystem experiments aimed at mitigating apparent competition by reducing primary prey. Simulations predicted declines in secondary prey following reductions in primary prey because predators consumed more secondary prey until predator numbers responded to reduced prey densities. Losses were exacerbated by a higher carrying capacity of primary prey and a longer lag time of the predator’s numerical response, but a gradual reduction in primary prey was less detrimental to the secondary prey. We compared predictions against two field experiments where endangered woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) were victims of apparent competition. First, when deer (Odocoileus sp.) declined suddenly following a severe winter, cougar (Puma concolor) declined with a 1–2-year lag, yet in the interim more caribou were killed by cougars, and caribou populations declined by 40%. Second, when moose (Alces alces) were gradually reduced using a management experiment, wolf (Canis lupus) populations declined but did not shift consumption to caribou, and the largest caribou subpopulation stabilized. The observed contrasting outcomes of sudden versus gradual declines in primary prey supported theoretical predictions. Combining theory with field studies clarified how to manage communities to mitigate endangerment caused by apparent competition that affects many taxa. Article in Journal/Newspaper Alces alces Canis lupus Rangifer tarandus PUB - Publications at Bielefeld University Wittmann ENVELOPE(-65.799,-65.799,-65.742,-65.742) The American Naturalist 185 5 665 679 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PUB - Publications at Bielefeld University |
op_collection_id |
ftubbiepub |
language |
English |
topic |
apparent competition predation Rangifer tarandus Canis lupus Odocoileus virginianus conservation |
spellingShingle |
apparent competition predation Rangifer tarandus Canis lupus Odocoileus virginianus conservation Serrouya, Robert Wittmann, Meike McLellan, Bruce N. Wittmer, Heiko U. Boutin, Stan Using Predator-Prey Theory to Predict Outcomes of Broadscale Experiments to Reduce Apparent Competition |
topic_facet |
apparent competition predation Rangifer tarandus Canis lupus Odocoileus virginianus conservation |
description |
Serrouya R, Wittmann M, McLellan BN, Wittmer HU, Boutin S. Using Predator-Prey Theory to Predict Outcomes of Broadscale Experiments to Reduce Apparent Competition. The American Naturalist . 2015;185(5):665-679. Apparent competition is an important process influencing many ecological communities. We used predator-prey theory to predict outcomes of ecosystem experiments aimed at mitigating apparent competition by reducing primary prey. Simulations predicted declines in secondary prey following reductions in primary prey because predators consumed more secondary prey until predator numbers responded to reduced prey densities. Losses were exacerbated by a higher carrying capacity of primary prey and a longer lag time of the predator’s numerical response, but a gradual reduction in primary prey was less detrimental to the secondary prey. We compared predictions against two field experiments where endangered woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) were victims of apparent competition. First, when deer (Odocoileus sp.) declined suddenly following a severe winter, cougar (Puma concolor) declined with a 1–2-year lag, yet in the interim more caribou were killed by cougars, and caribou populations declined by 40%. Second, when moose (Alces alces) were gradually reduced using a management experiment, wolf (Canis lupus) populations declined but did not shift consumption to caribou, and the largest caribou subpopulation stabilized. The observed contrasting outcomes of sudden versus gradual declines in primary prey supported theoretical predictions. Combining theory with field studies clarified how to manage communities to mitigate endangerment caused by apparent competition that affects many taxa. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Serrouya, Robert Wittmann, Meike McLellan, Bruce N. Wittmer, Heiko U. Boutin, Stan |
author_facet |
Serrouya, Robert Wittmann, Meike McLellan, Bruce N. Wittmer, Heiko U. Boutin, Stan |
author_sort |
Serrouya, Robert |
title |
Using Predator-Prey Theory to Predict Outcomes of Broadscale Experiments to Reduce Apparent Competition |
title_short |
Using Predator-Prey Theory to Predict Outcomes of Broadscale Experiments to Reduce Apparent Competition |
title_full |
Using Predator-Prey Theory to Predict Outcomes of Broadscale Experiments to Reduce Apparent Competition |
title_fullStr |
Using Predator-Prey Theory to Predict Outcomes of Broadscale Experiments to Reduce Apparent Competition |
title_full_unstemmed |
Using Predator-Prey Theory to Predict Outcomes of Broadscale Experiments to Reduce Apparent Competition |
title_sort |
using predator-prey theory to predict outcomes of broadscale experiments to reduce apparent competition |
publisher |
University of Chicago Press |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/record/2915204 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-65.799,-65.799,-65.742,-65.742) |
geographic |
Wittmann |
geographic_facet |
Wittmann |
genre |
Alces alces Canis lupus Rangifer tarandus |
genre_facet |
Alces alces Canis lupus Rangifer tarandus |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1086/680510 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/0003-0147 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/1537-5323 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/000353456600013 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/25905509 https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/record/2915204 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1086/680510 |
container_title |
The American Naturalist |
container_volume |
185 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
665 |
op_container_end_page |
679 |
_version_ |
1766258904560304128 |