Antarctic fungal endophytes as tool for the reintroduction of native plant species in arid zones

• Published in: Bosque (Valdivia)
• Main Authors: Fardella, Cristian, Oses, Rómulo, Torres-Díaz, Cristian, Molina-Montenegro, Marco A
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: Spanish
• Published: Universidad Austral de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Recursos Naturales. 2017
• Subjects: endófitos; eficiencia en el uso del agua; formaciones xerofíticas; restauración; endophytes; water use efficiency; xerophytic formations; restoration; Antarc*; Antarctic; Antarctica
• Online Access: http://revistas.uach.cl/index.php/bosque/article/view/275; https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-92002014000200011

Ecological restoration is the deliberate action that speeds recovery from a degraded system by direct or indirect human intervention. Xerophytic formations are among the most degraded ecosystems where low water availability makes reintroduction plans unsuccessful and extremely expensive. Roots inoculation with endophytic fungi has been reported as a successful strategy to maintain or improve the ecophysiological performance and survival in different species of shrubs and trees. In harsh environments, endophytes have been shown to provide benefits in terms of survival and growth for their associated vegetation. In this study, we showed that inoculation with endophytes isolated from plants growing in Antarctica improve survival and water use efficiency for irrigation on native species of xerophytic formations: Flourensia thurifera, Senna cumingii and Puya berteroniana. Overall, the presence of endophytes improved survival of all native species. Furthermore, the presence of endophytes improved water use efficiency for irrigation, reaching higher percentages of survival in plants with a reduction in the added water. The application of Antarctic endophytes could be considered a successful strategy for future projects and reintroduction programs in arid and semi-arid zones of Chile. La restauración ecológica es la actividad deliberada que acelera la recuperación de un sistema degradado por acción directa o indirecta de la intervención humana. Las zonas xerofíticas están entre los ecosistemas más degradados donde la baja disponibilidad hídrica hace que los planes de reintroducción sean poco exitosos y extremadamente costosos. La aplicación de hongos endófitos a raíces ha sido reportada como una exitosa estrategia para mantener o mejorar el desempeño ecofisiológico y supervivencia en diferentes especies de arbustos y árboles. En ambientes climáticamente extremos, los endófitos han mostrado proporcionar beneficios en términos de supervivencia y crecimiento a la vegetación que se asocia a ellos. En el presente trabajo ...