Parametric Precipitation Model for Tropical Cyclone Radial Rainfall Profiles: Reducing the biases in the Bader model for the North Atlantic

• Main Author: Claassen, Judith (author)
• Other Authors: Schleiss, M.A. (mentor), Leijnse, Tim (mentor), Glassmeier, F. (graduation committee), ten Veldhuis, Marie-claire (graduation committee), Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)
• Format: Master Thesis
• Language: English
• Published: 2021
• Subjects: Tropical Cyclone; Parametric model; Precipitation; Data blending; Risk analysis; Hurricane Florence; North Atlantic
• Online Access: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f932c240-db8c-47b3-bef6-68415def0ccd

Torrential rain from tropical cyclones can have a devastating impact, causing loss of life and billions in damages. To better understand the risk faced by coastal communities, it is important to estimate how often a tropical cyclone could occur and how much rainfall it will produce. One way to do this is by analyzing past storms and building parametric models of rainfall rates during tropical cyclone events. While many parametric precipitation models –such as the Bader model– exist, their accuracy remains limited and many challenges still need to be overcome. The most important challenges are output overestimation and a poor representation of rainfall over land. Therefore, this thesis aims to reduce these biases by answering the following research question: "How can the bias in the radial rainfall distributions of a tropical cyclone in Bader’s parametrized model be reduced and be used for reliable rainfall estimates both above land and the ocean?" To answer this question, several new data sources were introduced from the TRMM/GPM satellites and Stage IV to improve the Bader model. While this original model only predicted precipitation based on maximum wind speed (vmax), the updated model also considers pressure deficit ΔP. The results suggest that ΔP can be a useful parameter to reduce bias and improve accuracy. However, it also leads to larger uncertainty ranges. Next, four precipitation profiles were proposed. A profile where precipitation is constant for low maximum precipitation values based on the predicted total rainfall (area under the graph) was selected for further exploration. The new models are explored during a case study of Hurricane Florence. Both the ΔP and vmax based models produced satisfactory results, compared to the benchmark IPET model. Moreover, an alternative fit above land has been proposed, where the highest precipitation is simulated at the eye. The proposed land fit improved the median of the predictions based on both vmax and ΔP. The ΔP based model performed the best in the case ...