Iceland rising: Solid Earth response to ice retreat inferred from satellite radar interferometry and visocelastic modeling
A broad uplift occurs in Iceland in response to the retreat of ice caps, which began circa 1890. Until now, this deformation signal has been measured primarily using GPS at points some distance away from the ice caps. Here, for the first time we use satellite radar interferometry (interferometric sy...
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth |
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrb.50082 http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:671fbd4b-cf41-4799-ac50-2d14492724e6 |
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fttudelft:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:671fbd4b-cf41-4799-ac50-2d14492724e6 2023-07-30T04:04:07+02:00 Iceland rising: Solid Earth response to ice retreat inferred from satellite radar interferometry and visocelastic modeling Auriac, A. (author) Spaans, K.H. (author) Sigmundsson, F. (author) Hooper, A. (author) Schmidt, P. (author) Lund, B. (author) 2013-03-08 https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrb.50082 http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:671fbd4b-cf41-4799-ac50-2d14492724e6 en eng American Geophysical Union Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 118 (4), 2013--0148-0227 https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrb.50082 http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:671fbd4b-cf41-4799-ac50-2d14492724e6 © 2013 American Geophysical Union InSAR finite element modeling rheology GIA journal article Text 2013 fttudelft https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrb.50082 2023-07-08T20:07:17Z A broad uplift occurs in Iceland in response to the retreat of ice caps, which began circa 1890. Until now, this deformation signal has been measured primarily using GPS at points some distance away from the ice caps. Here, for the first time we use satellite radar interferometry (interferometric synthetic aperture radar) to constrain uplift of the ground all the way up to the edge of the largest ice cap, Vatnajökull. This allows for improved constraints on the Earth rheology, both the thickness of the uppermost Earth layer that responds only in an elastic manner and the viscosity below it. The interferometric synthetic aperture radar velocities indicate a maximum displacement rate of 24±4 and 31±4 mm/yr at the edge of Vatnajökull, during 1995–2002 and 2004–2009, respectively. The fastest rates occur at outlet glaciers of low elevation where ice retreat is high. We compare the observations with glacial isostatic adjustment models that include the deglaciation history of the Icelandic ice caps since 1890 and two Earth layers. Using a Bayesian approach, we derived probability density functions for the average Earth model parameters for three satellite tracks. Based on our assumptions, the three best fit models give elastic thicknesses in the range of 15–40 km, and viscosities ranging from 4–10×?1018 Pa s. Geoscience & Remote Sensing Civil Engineering and Geosciences Article in Journal/Newspaper Ice cap Iceland Vatnajökull Delft University of Technology: Institutional Repository Vatnajökull ENVELOPE(-16.823,-16.823,64.420,64.420) Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 118 4 1331 1344 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Delft University of Technology: Institutional Repository |
op_collection_id |
fttudelft |
language |
English |
topic |
InSAR finite element modeling rheology GIA |
spellingShingle |
InSAR finite element modeling rheology GIA Auriac, A. (author) Spaans, K.H. (author) Sigmundsson, F. (author) Hooper, A. (author) Schmidt, P. (author) Lund, B. (author) Iceland rising: Solid Earth response to ice retreat inferred from satellite radar interferometry and visocelastic modeling |
topic_facet |
InSAR finite element modeling rheology GIA |
description |
A broad uplift occurs in Iceland in response to the retreat of ice caps, which began circa 1890. Until now, this deformation signal has been measured primarily using GPS at points some distance away from the ice caps. Here, for the first time we use satellite radar interferometry (interferometric synthetic aperture radar) to constrain uplift of the ground all the way up to the edge of the largest ice cap, Vatnajökull. This allows for improved constraints on the Earth rheology, both the thickness of the uppermost Earth layer that responds only in an elastic manner and the viscosity below it. The interferometric synthetic aperture radar velocities indicate a maximum displacement rate of 24±4 and 31±4 mm/yr at the edge of Vatnajökull, during 1995–2002 and 2004–2009, respectively. The fastest rates occur at outlet glaciers of low elevation where ice retreat is high. We compare the observations with glacial isostatic adjustment models that include the deglaciation history of the Icelandic ice caps since 1890 and two Earth layers. Using a Bayesian approach, we derived probability density functions for the average Earth model parameters for three satellite tracks. Based on our assumptions, the three best fit models give elastic thicknesses in the range of 15–40 km, and viscosities ranging from 4–10×?1018 Pa s. Geoscience & Remote Sensing Civil Engineering and Geosciences |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Auriac, A. (author) Spaans, K.H. (author) Sigmundsson, F. (author) Hooper, A. (author) Schmidt, P. (author) Lund, B. (author) |
author_facet |
Auriac, A. (author) Spaans, K.H. (author) Sigmundsson, F. (author) Hooper, A. (author) Schmidt, P. (author) Lund, B. (author) |
author_sort |
Auriac, A. (author) |
title |
Iceland rising: Solid Earth response to ice retreat inferred from satellite radar interferometry and visocelastic modeling |
title_short |
Iceland rising: Solid Earth response to ice retreat inferred from satellite radar interferometry and visocelastic modeling |
title_full |
Iceland rising: Solid Earth response to ice retreat inferred from satellite radar interferometry and visocelastic modeling |
title_fullStr |
Iceland rising: Solid Earth response to ice retreat inferred from satellite radar interferometry and visocelastic modeling |
title_full_unstemmed |
Iceland rising: Solid Earth response to ice retreat inferred from satellite radar interferometry and visocelastic modeling |
title_sort |
iceland rising: solid earth response to ice retreat inferred from satellite radar interferometry and visocelastic modeling |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrb.50082 http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:671fbd4b-cf41-4799-ac50-2d14492724e6 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-16.823,-16.823,64.420,64.420) |
geographic |
Vatnajökull |
geographic_facet |
Vatnajökull |
genre |
Ice cap Iceland Vatnajökull |
genre_facet |
Ice cap Iceland Vatnajökull |
op_relation |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 118 (4), 2013--0148-0227 https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrb.50082 http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:671fbd4b-cf41-4799-ac50-2d14492724e6 |
op_rights |
© 2013 American Geophysical Union |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrb.50082 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth |
container_volume |
118 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
1331 |
op_container_end_page |
1344 |
_version_ |
1772815307672387584 |