Spatial and temporal wave climate variability along the south coast of Sweden during 1959–2021
This study presents 62 years of hindcast wave climate data for the south coast of Sweden from 1959–2021. The 100-km-long coast consists mainly of sandy beaches and eroding bluffs interrupted by headlands and harbours alongshore, making it sensitive to variations in incoming wave direction. A SWAN wa...
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Language: | English |
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2023
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Online Access: | http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0316fc67-a149-4eef-b6e6-76400b743470 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2023.103011 |
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fttudelft:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:0316fc67-a149-4eef-b6e6-76400b743470 2024-04-28T08:31:25+00:00 Spatial and temporal wave climate variability along the south coast of Sweden during 1959–2021 Adell, Anna (author) Almström, Björn (author) Kroon, Aart (author) Larson, Magnus (author) Uvo, Cintia Bertacchi (author) Hallin, E.C. (author) 2023 http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0316fc67-a149-4eef-b6e6-76400b743470 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2023.103011 en eng http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85160563112&partnerID=8YFLogxK Regional Studies in Marine Science--2352-4855--b95eb8e8-188c-4db5-9646-a536e9611616 http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0316fc67-a149-4eef-b6e6-76400b743470 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2023.103011 © 2023 Anna Adell, Björn Almström, Aart Kroon, Magnus Larson, Cintia Bertacchi Uvo, E.C. Hallin NAO south Baltic Sea SWAN Wave hindcast journal article 2023 fttudelft https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2023.103011 2024-04-10T00:15:27Z This study presents 62 years of hindcast wave climate data for the south coast of Sweden from 1959–2021. The 100-km-long coast consists mainly of sandy beaches and eroding bluffs interrupted by headlands and harbours alongshore, making it sensitive to variations in incoming wave direction. A SWAN wave model of the Baltic Sea, extending from the North Sea to the Åland Sea, was calibrated and validated against wave observations from 16 locations distributed within the model domain. Wave data collected from open databases were complemented with new wave buoy observations from two nearshore locations within the study area at 14 and 15 m depth. The simulated significant wave height showed good agreement with the local observations, with an average R 2 of 0.83. The multi-decadal hindcast data was used to analyse spatial and temporal wave climate variability. The results show that the directional distribution of incoming waves varies along the coast, with a gradually increasing wave energy exposure from the west towards the east. The wave climate is most energetic from October to March, with the highest wave heights in November, December, and January. In general, waves from westerly directions dominate the annual wave energy, but within the hindcast time series, a few years had larger wave energy from easterly directions. The interannual variability of total wave energy and wave direction is correlated to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index. In the offshore, the total annual wave energy had a statistically significant positive correlation with the NAO DJFM station-based index, with a Spearman rank correlation coefficient of 0.51. In the nearshore, the correlation was even stronger. Future studies should investigate the possibility of using the NAO index as a proxy for the wave energy direction and its effect on coastal evolution. Coastal Engineering Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Delft University of Technology: Institutional Repository Regional Studies in Marine Science 63 103011 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Delft University of Technology: Institutional Repository |
op_collection_id |
fttudelft |
language |
English |
topic |
NAO south Baltic Sea SWAN Wave hindcast |
spellingShingle |
NAO south Baltic Sea SWAN Wave hindcast Adell, Anna (author) Almström, Björn (author) Kroon, Aart (author) Larson, Magnus (author) Uvo, Cintia Bertacchi (author) Hallin, E.C. (author) Spatial and temporal wave climate variability along the south coast of Sweden during 1959–2021 |
topic_facet |
NAO south Baltic Sea SWAN Wave hindcast |
description |
This study presents 62 years of hindcast wave climate data for the south coast of Sweden from 1959–2021. The 100-km-long coast consists mainly of sandy beaches and eroding bluffs interrupted by headlands and harbours alongshore, making it sensitive to variations in incoming wave direction. A SWAN wave model of the Baltic Sea, extending from the North Sea to the Åland Sea, was calibrated and validated against wave observations from 16 locations distributed within the model domain. Wave data collected from open databases were complemented with new wave buoy observations from two nearshore locations within the study area at 14 and 15 m depth. The simulated significant wave height showed good agreement with the local observations, with an average R 2 of 0.83. The multi-decadal hindcast data was used to analyse spatial and temporal wave climate variability. The results show that the directional distribution of incoming waves varies along the coast, with a gradually increasing wave energy exposure from the west towards the east. The wave climate is most energetic from October to March, with the highest wave heights in November, December, and January. In general, waves from westerly directions dominate the annual wave energy, but within the hindcast time series, a few years had larger wave energy from easterly directions. The interannual variability of total wave energy and wave direction is correlated to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index. In the offshore, the total annual wave energy had a statistically significant positive correlation with the NAO DJFM station-based index, with a Spearman rank correlation coefficient of 0.51. In the nearshore, the correlation was even stronger. Future studies should investigate the possibility of using the NAO index as a proxy for the wave energy direction and its effect on coastal evolution. Coastal Engineering |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Adell, Anna (author) Almström, Björn (author) Kroon, Aart (author) Larson, Magnus (author) Uvo, Cintia Bertacchi (author) Hallin, E.C. (author) |
author_facet |
Adell, Anna (author) Almström, Björn (author) Kroon, Aart (author) Larson, Magnus (author) Uvo, Cintia Bertacchi (author) Hallin, E.C. (author) |
author_sort |
Adell, Anna (author) |
title |
Spatial and temporal wave climate variability along the south coast of Sweden during 1959–2021 |
title_short |
Spatial and temporal wave climate variability along the south coast of Sweden during 1959–2021 |
title_full |
Spatial and temporal wave climate variability along the south coast of Sweden during 1959–2021 |
title_fullStr |
Spatial and temporal wave climate variability along the south coast of Sweden during 1959–2021 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Spatial and temporal wave climate variability along the south coast of Sweden during 1959–2021 |
title_sort |
spatial and temporal wave climate variability along the south coast of sweden during 1959–2021 |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0316fc67-a149-4eef-b6e6-76400b743470 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2023.103011 |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_relation |
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85160563112&partnerID=8YFLogxK Regional Studies in Marine Science--2352-4855--b95eb8e8-188c-4db5-9646-a536e9611616 http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0316fc67-a149-4eef-b6e6-76400b743470 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2023.103011 |
op_rights |
© 2023 Anna Adell, Björn Almström, Aart Kroon, Magnus Larson, Cintia Bertacchi Uvo, E.C. Hallin |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2023.103011 |
container_title |
Regional Studies in Marine Science |
container_volume |
63 |
container_start_page |
103011 |
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1797588963359195136 |