A chronology of climatic downturns through the mid- and late-Holocene: tracing the distant effects of explosive eruptions from palaeoclimatic and historical evidence in northern Europe
Geochronological data of the conifer tree rings in a region sensitive to climatic effects of explosive eruptions were analysed for sudden growth reductions in association with extraordinarily cool reconstructed summer temperatures since 5500 B.C. Tree-ring data came from the stems of living trees an...
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Norwegian Polar Institute
2013
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v32i0.15866 https://doaj.org/article/e1ee66bceb3a476cab8b7291c971ef8c |
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fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:oai:doaj.org/article:e1ee66bceb3a476cab8b7291c971ef8c 2023-05-15T16:30:05+02:00 A chronology of climatic downturns through the mid- and late-Holocene: tracing the distant effects of explosive eruptions from palaeoclimatic and historical evidence in northern Europe Kari Mielikäinen Jari Holopainen Marc Macias-Fauria Mauri Timonen Samuli Helama 2013-02-01 https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v32i0.15866 https://doaj.org/article/e1ee66bceb3a476cab8b7291c971ef8c en eng Norwegian Polar Institute doi:10.3402/polar.v32i0.15866 0800-0395 1751-8369 https://doaj.org/article/e1ee66bceb3a476cab8b7291c971ef8c undefined Polar Research, Vol 32, Iss 0, Pp 1-11 (2013) Geochronology dendroclimatology historical agriculture palaeoclimate volcanism envir geo Journal Article https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_6501/ 2013 fttriple https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v32i0.15866 2023-01-22T16:37:48Z Geochronological data of the conifer tree rings in a region sensitive to climatic effects of explosive eruptions were analysed for sudden growth reductions in association with extraordinarily cool reconstructed summer temperatures since 5500 B.C. Tree-ring data came from the stems of living trees and subfossil tree remains collected as increment cores and discs, respectively, from an area of northernmost Finnish Lapland (70–68°N to 30–20°E). Calendar year dates when the tree-ring signatures (i.e., growth reductions and reconstructed temperatures) were concurrent were compared with sulphate data from Greenland ice cores. Previous new evidence are in agreement in demonstrating volcanism behind late-Holocene events in 1601 A.D. and 536 A.D., suggesting that the same causal relationship can be implied further back in time. Our data show that earlier events were found to have occurred in the years 330 B.C., 874 B.C., 1464 B.C., 1584 B.C., 2564 B.C. and 2850 B.C. Interestingly, events of lesser magnitude followed the three major events in 542 A.D., 1453 B.C. and 1579 B.C. by a few years. Natural disasters, and grain crop failures, occurred as a result of these events, as has been documented for the summer of 1601 A.D. through Finnish historical data and broadly in the Northern Hemisphere. Climate has surprised humans during historic and likely pre-historic times, causing sudden alterations in agriculture, ecology and economy, and may do so in the future. We argue that the climate change with the most magnified impacts on society may be a negative temperature anomaly that abruptly decreases resource availability over wide spatial scales. Article in Journal/Newspaper Greenland Greenland ice cores Polar Research Lapland Unknown Greenland Polar Research 32 1 15866 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Unknown |
op_collection_id |
fttriple |
language |
English |
topic |
Geochronology dendroclimatology historical agriculture palaeoclimate volcanism envir geo |
spellingShingle |
Geochronology dendroclimatology historical agriculture palaeoclimate volcanism envir geo Kari Mielikäinen Jari Holopainen Marc Macias-Fauria Mauri Timonen Samuli Helama A chronology of climatic downturns through the mid- and late-Holocene: tracing the distant effects of explosive eruptions from palaeoclimatic and historical evidence in northern Europe |
topic_facet |
Geochronology dendroclimatology historical agriculture palaeoclimate volcanism envir geo |
description |
Geochronological data of the conifer tree rings in a region sensitive to climatic effects of explosive eruptions were analysed for sudden growth reductions in association with extraordinarily cool reconstructed summer temperatures since 5500 B.C. Tree-ring data came from the stems of living trees and subfossil tree remains collected as increment cores and discs, respectively, from an area of northernmost Finnish Lapland (70–68°N to 30–20°E). Calendar year dates when the tree-ring signatures (i.e., growth reductions and reconstructed temperatures) were concurrent were compared with sulphate data from Greenland ice cores. Previous new evidence are in agreement in demonstrating volcanism behind late-Holocene events in 1601 A.D. and 536 A.D., suggesting that the same causal relationship can be implied further back in time. Our data show that earlier events were found to have occurred in the years 330 B.C., 874 B.C., 1464 B.C., 1584 B.C., 2564 B.C. and 2850 B.C. Interestingly, events of lesser magnitude followed the three major events in 542 A.D., 1453 B.C. and 1579 B.C. by a few years. Natural disasters, and grain crop failures, occurred as a result of these events, as has been documented for the summer of 1601 A.D. through Finnish historical data and broadly in the Northern Hemisphere. Climate has surprised humans during historic and likely pre-historic times, causing sudden alterations in agriculture, ecology and economy, and may do so in the future. We argue that the climate change with the most magnified impacts on society may be a negative temperature anomaly that abruptly decreases resource availability over wide spatial scales. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kari Mielikäinen Jari Holopainen Marc Macias-Fauria Mauri Timonen Samuli Helama |
author_facet |
Kari Mielikäinen Jari Holopainen Marc Macias-Fauria Mauri Timonen Samuli Helama |
author_sort |
Kari Mielikäinen |
title |
A chronology of climatic downturns through the mid- and late-Holocene: tracing the distant effects of explosive eruptions from palaeoclimatic and historical evidence in northern Europe |
title_short |
A chronology of climatic downturns through the mid- and late-Holocene: tracing the distant effects of explosive eruptions from palaeoclimatic and historical evidence in northern Europe |
title_full |
A chronology of climatic downturns through the mid- and late-Holocene: tracing the distant effects of explosive eruptions from palaeoclimatic and historical evidence in northern Europe |
title_fullStr |
A chronology of climatic downturns through the mid- and late-Holocene: tracing the distant effects of explosive eruptions from palaeoclimatic and historical evidence in northern Europe |
title_full_unstemmed |
A chronology of climatic downturns through the mid- and late-Holocene: tracing the distant effects of explosive eruptions from palaeoclimatic and historical evidence in northern Europe |
title_sort |
chronology of climatic downturns through the mid- and late-holocene: tracing the distant effects of explosive eruptions from palaeoclimatic and historical evidence in northern europe |
publisher |
Norwegian Polar Institute |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v32i0.15866 https://doaj.org/article/e1ee66bceb3a476cab8b7291c971ef8c |
geographic |
Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Greenland |
genre |
Greenland Greenland ice cores Polar Research Lapland |
genre_facet |
Greenland Greenland ice cores Polar Research Lapland |
op_source |
Polar Research, Vol 32, Iss 0, Pp 1-11 (2013) |
op_relation |
doi:10.3402/polar.v32i0.15866 0800-0395 1751-8369 https://doaj.org/article/e1ee66bceb3a476cab8b7291c971ef8c |
op_rights |
undefined |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v32i0.15866 |
container_title |
Polar Research |
container_volume |
32 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
15866 |
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1766019786838376448 |