Community Ice Cellars In Eastern Chukotka: Climatic And Anthropogenic Influences On Structural Stability

• Published in: GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY
• Main Authors: Alexey A. Maslakov, Kelsey E. Nyland, Nina N. Komova, Fedor D. Yurov, Kenji Yoshikawa, Gleb N. Kraev
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Lomonosov Moscow State University 2020
• Subjects: ice cellars; permafrost; indigenous communities; climate change; food security; chukotka; russia; envir; geo; Arctic; Lorino; Arctic Fox; Chukchi; Chukotka; Climate change; Ice
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2020-71; https://doaj.org/article/e181e0157e6947a19ac57d6a5df2c781

The large community ice cellar designs in eastern Chukotka are unique within the Arctic due to the mixed influences from the indigenous Chukchi people and western industry. Community ice cellars here were designed and constructed in the 1950s-60s to accommodate both food stores for local indigenous residents and feed stores for Arctic fox fur farms. Like much of the Arctic, this region is undergoing unprecedented climate change. Air temperatures within the study area have been increasing at an average rate of 0.7°C per decade since the 1950s. Exacerbating the adverse effects of the warming climate is the lack of ice cellar maintenance in communities where the fur industry did not survive the transition to a market economy. Today, all but two community ice cellars in eastern Chukotka have flooded or collapsed. Presented in this work are thermal records from two cellars in the region that allow for both climatic and anthropogenic influences on the cellars’ structural integrity to be evaluated. Particularly effective ice cellar maintenance practices utilized in the community of Lorino were 1) wintertime ventilation, and 2) placing large blocks of river ice in the cellar in spring to mitigate spring and summer warming.