Microplastic Fiber Emissions From Wastewater Effluents: Abundance, Transport Behavior and Exposure Risk for Biota in an Arctic Fjord
Microfibers (MF) are one of the major classes of microplastic found in the marine environment on a global scale. Very little is known about how they move and distribute from point sources such as wastewater effluents into the ocean. We chose Adventfjorden near the settlement of Longyearbyen on the A...
Published in: | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.662168 https://doaj.org/article/bf6ab2dc643947f5b5a76237cd708f63 |
id |
fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:oai:doaj.org/article:bf6ab2dc643947f5b5a76237cd708f63 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:oai:doaj.org/article:bf6ab2dc643947f5b5a76237cd708f63 2023-05-15T13:05:55+02:00 Microplastic Fiber Emissions From Wastewater Effluents: Abundance, Transport Behavior and Exposure Risk for Biota in an Arctic Fjord Dorte Herzke Peygham Ghaffari Jan Henry Sundet Caroline Aas Tranang Claudia Halsband 2021-06-01 https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.662168 https://doaj.org/article/bf6ab2dc643947f5b5a76237cd708f63 en eng Frontiers Media S.A. 2296-665X doi:10.3389/fenvs.2021.662168 https://doaj.org/article/bf6ab2dc643947f5b5a76237cd708f63 undefined Frontiers in Environmental Science, Vol 9 (2021) microplastic fiber plankton benthos FVCOM model encounter risk arctic fjord envir manag Journal Article https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_6501/ 2021 fttriple https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.662168 2023-01-22T18:19:24Z Microfibers (MF) are one of the major classes of microplastic found in the marine environment on a global scale. Very little is known about how they move and distribute from point sources such as wastewater effluents into the ocean. We chose Adventfjorden near the settlement of Longyearbyen on the Arctic Svalbard archipelago as a case study to investigate how microfibers emitted with untreated wastewater will distribute in the fjord, both on a spatial and temporal scale. Fiber abundance in the effluent was estimated from wastewater samples taken during two one-week periods in June and September 2017. Large emissions of MFs were detected, similar in scale to a modern WWTP serving 1.3 million people and providing evidence of the importance of untreated wastewater from small settlements as major local sources for MF emissions in the Arctic. Fiber movement and distribution in the fjord mapped using an online-coupled hydrodynamic-drift model (FVCOM-FABM). For parameterizing a wider spectrum of fibers from synthetic to wool, four different density classes of MFs, i.e., buoyant, neutral, sinking, and fast sinking fibers are introduced to the modeling framework. The results clearly show that fiber class has a large impact on the fiber distributions. Light fibers remained in the surface layers and left the fjord quickly with outgoing currents, while heavy fibers mostly sank to the bottom and deposited in the inner parts of the fjord and along the northern shore. A number of accumulation sites were identified within the fjord. The southern shore, in contrast, was much less affected, with low fiber concentrations throughout the modeling period. Fiber distributions were then compared with published pelagic and benthic fauna distributions in different seasons at selected stations around the fjord. The ratios of fibers to organisms showed a very wide range, indicating hot spots of encounter risk for pelagic and benthic biota. This approach, in combination with in-situ ground-truthing, can be instrumental in understanding ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Adventfjorden Arctic Longyearbyen Svalbard Unknown Adventfjorden ENVELOPE(15.515,15.515,78.258,78.258) Arctic Longyearbyen Svalbard Svalbard Archipelago Frontiers in Environmental Science 9 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Unknown |
op_collection_id |
fttriple |
language |
English |
topic |
microplastic fiber plankton benthos FVCOM model encounter risk arctic fjord envir manag |
spellingShingle |
microplastic fiber plankton benthos FVCOM model encounter risk arctic fjord envir manag Dorte Herzke Peygham Ghaffari Jan Henry Sundet Caroline Aas Tranang Claudia Halsband Microplastic Fiber Emissions From Wastewater Effluents: Abundance, Transport Behavior and Exposure Risk for Biota in an Arctic Fjord |
topic_facet |
microplastic fiber plankton benthos FVCOM model encounter risk arctic fjord envir manag |
description |
Microfibers (MF) are one of the major classes of microplastic found in the marine environment on a global scale. Very little is known about how they move and distribute from point sources such as wastewater effluents into the ocean. We chose Adventfjorden near the settlement of Longyearbyen on the Arctic Svalbard archipelago as a case study to investigate how microfibers emitted with untreated wastewater will distribute in the fjord, both on a spatial and temporal scale. Fiber abundance in the effluent was estimated from wastewater samples taken during two one-week periods in June and September 2017. Large emissions of MFs were detected, similar in scale to a modern WWTP serving 1.3 million people and providing evidence of the importance of untreated wastewater from small settlements as major local sources for MF emissions in the Arctic. Fiber movement and distribution in the fjord mapped using an online-coupled hydrodynamic-drift model (FVCOM-FABM). For parameterizing a wider spectrum of fibers from synthetic to wool, four different density classes of MFs, i.e., buoyant, neutral, sinking, and fast sinking fibers are introduced to the modeling framework. The results clearly show that fiber class has a large impact on the fiber distributions. Light fibers remained in the surface layers and left the fjord quickly with outgoing currents, while heavy fibers mostly sank to the bottom and deposited in the inner parts of the fjord and along the northern shore. A number of accumulation sites were identified within the fjord. The southern shore, in contrast, was much less affected, with low fiber concentrations throughout the modeling period. Fiber distributions were then compared with published pelagic and benthic fauna distributions in different seasons at selected stations around the fjord. The ratios of fibers to organisms showed a very wide range, indicating hot spots of encounter risk for pelagic and benthic biota. This approach, in combination with in-situ ground-truthing, can be instrumental in understanding ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Dorte Herzke Peygham Ghaffari Jan Henry Sundet Caroline Aas Tranang Claudia Halsband |
author_facet |
Dorte Herzke Peygham Ghaffari Jan Henry Sundet Caroline Aas Tranang Claudia Halsband |
author_sort |
Dorte Herzke |
title |
Microplastic Fiber Emissions From Wastewater Effluents: Abundance, Transport Behavior and Exposure Risk for Biota in an Arctic Fjord |
title_short |
Microplastic Fiber Emissions From Wastewater Effluents: Abundance, Transport Behavior and Exposure Risk for Biota in an Arctic Fjord |
title_full |
Microplastic Fiber Emissions From Wastewater Effluents: Abundance, Transport Behavior and Exposure Risk for Biota in an Arctic Fjord |
title_fullStr |
Microplastic Fiber Emissions From Wastewater Effluents: Abundance, Transport Behavior and Exposure Risk for Biota in an Arctic Fjord |
title_full_unstemmed |
Microplastic Fiber Emissions From Wastewater Effluents: Abundance, Transport Behavior and Exposure Risk for Biota in an Arctic Fjord |
title_sort |
microplastic fiber emissions from wastewater effluents: abundance, transport behavior and exposure risk for biota in an arctic fjord |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.662168 https://doaj.org/article/bf6ab2dc643947f5b5a76237cd708f63 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(15.515,15.515,78.258,78.258) |
geographic |
Adventfjorden Arctic Longyearbyen Svalbard Svalbard Archipelago |
geographic_facet |
Adventfjorden Arctic Longyearbyen Svalbard Svalbard Archipelago |
genre |
Adventfjorden Arctic Longyearbyen Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Adventfjorden Arctic Longyearbyen Svalbard |
op_source |
Frontiers in Environmental Science, Vol 9 (2021) |
op_relation |
2296-665X doi:10.3389/fenvs.2021.662168 https://doaj.org/article/bf6ab2dc643947f5b5a76237cd708f63 |
op_rights |
undefined |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.662168 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Environmental Science |
container_volume |
9 |
_version_ |
1766397189422055424 |