Mass balance, runoff and surges of Bering Glacier, Alaska
The historical net, ablation and accumulation daily balances, as well as runoff of Bering Glacier, Alaska are determined for the 1951–2011 period with the PTAA (precipitation-temperature-area-altitude) model, using daily precipitation and temperature observations collected at the Cordova and Yakutat...
Published in: | The Cryosphere |
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Copernicus Publications
2013
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-867-2013 http://www.the-cryosphere.net/7/867/2013/tc-7-867-2013.pdf https://doaj.org/article/be054036d92046fb98e8d61165dd81c8 |
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fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:oai:doaj.org/article:be054036d92046fb98e8d61165dd81c8 2023-05-15T16:20:21+02:00 Mass balance, runoff and surges of Bering Glacier, Alaska W. Tangborn 2013-05-01 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-867-2013 http://www.the-cryosphere.net/7/867/2013/tc-7-867-2013.pdf https://doaj.org/article/be054036d92046fb98e8d61165dd81c8 en eng Copernicus Publications doi:10.5194/tc-7-867-2013 1994-0416 1994-0424 http://www.the-cryosphere.net/7/867/2013/tc-7-867-2013.pdf https://doaj.org/article/be054036d92046fb98e8d61165dd81c8 undefined The Cryosphere, Vol 7, Iss 3, Pp 867-875 (2013) geo envir Journal Article https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_6501/ 2013 fttriple https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-867-2013 2023-01-22T18:19:17Z The historical net, ablation and accumulation daily balances, as well as runoff of Bering Glacier, Alaska are determined for the 1951–2011 period with the PTAA (precipitation-temperature-area-altitude) model, using daily precipitation and temperature observations collected at the Cordova and Yakutat weather stations, together with the area-altitude distribution of the glacier. The model mean annual balance for this 61 yr period is −0.6 m w.e., the accumulation balance is +1.4 and the ablation balance is −2.0 m w.e. Average annual runoff is 2.5 m w.e. Periodic surges of this glacier transport large volumes of ice to lower elevations where the ablation rate is higher, producing more negative balances and increasing runoff. Runoff from Bering Glacier (derived from simulated ablation and precipitation as rain) is highly correlated with four of the glacier surges that have occurred since 1951. Ice volume loss for the 1972–2003 period measured with the PTAA model is 2.7 km3 w.e. a−1 and closely agrees with losses for the same period measured with the geodetic method. It is proposed that the timing and magnitude of daily snow accumulation and runoff, both of which are controlled by the glacier's area-altitude distribution and are calculated with the PTAA model, can be used to determine the probability that a glacier will surge. Article in Journal/Newspaper glacier The Cryosphere Yakutat Alaska Unknown The Cryosphere 7 3 867 875 |
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English |
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geo envir |
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geo envir W. Tangborn Mass balance, runoff and surges of Bering Glacier, Alaska |
topic_facet |
geo envir |
description |
The historical net, ablation and accumulation daily balances, as well as runoff of Bering Glacier, Alaska are determined for the 1951–2011 period with the PTAA (precipitation-temperature-area-altitude) model, using daily precipitation and temperature observations collected at the Cordova and Yakutat weather stations, together with the area-altitude distribution of the glacier. The model mean annual balance for this 61 yr period is −0.6 m w.e., the accumulation balance is +1.4 and the ablation balance is −2.0 m w.e. Average annual runoff is 2.5 m w.e. Periodic surges of this glacier transport large volumes of ice to lower elevations where the ablation rate is higher, producing more negative balances and increasing runoff. Runoff from Bering Glacier (derived from simulated ablation and precipitation as rain) is highly correlated with four of the glacier surges that have occurred since 1951. Ice volume loss for the 1972–2003 period measured with the PTAA model is 2.7 km3 w.e. a−1 and closely agrees with losses for the same period measured with the geodetic method. It is proposed that the timing and magnitude of daily snow accumulation and runoff, both of which are controlled by the glacier's area-altitude distribution and are calculated with the PTAA model, can be used to determine the probability that a glacier will surge. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
W. Tangborn |
author_facet |
W. Tangborn |
author_sort |
W. Tangborn |
title |
Mass balance, runoff and surges of Bering Glacier, Alaska |
title_short |
Mass balance, runoff and surges of Bering Glacier, Alaska |
title_full |
Mass balance, runoff and surges of Bering Glacier, Alaska |
title_fullStr |
Mass balance, runoff and surges of Bering Glacier, Alaska |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mass balance, runoff and surges of Bering Glacier, Alaska |
title_sort |
mass balance, runoff and surges of bering glacier, alaska |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-867-2013 http://www.the-cryosphere.net/7/867/2013/tc-7-867-2013.pdf https://doaj.org/article/be054036d92046fb98e8d61165dd81c8 |
genre |
glacier The Cryosphere Yakutat Alaska |
genre_facet |
glacier The Cryosphere Yakutat Alaska |
op_source |
The Cryosphere, Vol 7, Iss 3, Pp 867-875 (2013) |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/tc-7-867-2013 1994-0416 1994-0424 http://www.the-cryosphere.net/7/867/2013/tc-7-867-2013.pdf https://doaj.org/article/be054036d92046fb98e8d61165dd81c8 |
op_rights |
undefined |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-867-2013 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
7 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
867 |
op_container_end_page |
875 |
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1766008252950118400 |