Environmental factors influencing the seasonal dynamics of spring algal blooms in and beneath sea ice in western Baffin Bay
Arctic sea ice is experiencing a shorter growth season and an earlier ice melt onset. The significance of spring microalgal blooms taking place prior to sea ice breakup is the subject of ongoing scientific debate. During the Green Edge project, unique time-series data were collected during two field...
Published in: | Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.372 https://doaj.org/article/b018b71344194386ac7c694d3e05636d |
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fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:oai:doaj.org/article:b018b71344194386ac7c694d3e05636d 2023-05-15T14:56:39+02:00 Environmental factors influencing the seasonal dynamics of spring algal blooms in and beneath sea ice in western Baffin Bay L. Oziel P. Massicotte A. Randelhoff J. Ferland A. Vladoiu L. Lacour V. Galindo S. Lambert-Girard D. Dumont Y. Cuypers P. Bouruet-Aubertot C.-J. Mundy J. Ehn G. Bécu C. Marec M.-H. Forget N. Garcia P. Coupel P. Raimbault M.-N. Houssais M. Babin 2019-08-01 https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.372 https://doaj.org/article/b018b71344194386ac7c694d3e05636d en eng BioOne 2325-1026 doi:10.1525/elementa.372 https://doaj.org/article/b018b71344194386ac7c694d3e05636d undefined Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, Vol 7, Iss 1 (2019) Under-ice bloom Phytoplankton and sea ice algae Arctic Ocean Baffin Bay Environmental conditions Light and mixing envir geo Journal Article https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_6501/ 2019 fttriple https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.372 2023-01-22T19:34:38Z Arctic sea ice is experiencing a shorter growth season and an earlier ice melt onset. The significance of spring microalgal blooms taking place prior to sea ice breakup is the subject of ongoing scientific debate. During the Green Edge project, unique time-series data were collected during two field campaigns held in spring 2015 and 2016, which documented for the first time the concomitant temporal evolution of the sea ice algal and phytoplankton blooms in and beneath the landfast sea ice in western Baffin Bay. Sea ice algal and phytoplankton blooms were negatively correlated and respectively reached 26 (6) and 152 (182) mg of chlorophyll 'a' per m2 in 2015 (2016). Here, we describe and compare the seasonal evolutions of a wide variety of physical forcings, particularly key components of the atmosphere–snow–ice–ocean system, that influenced microalgal growth during both years. Ice algal growth was observed under low-light conditions before the snow melt period and was much higher in 2015 due to less snowfall. By increasing light availability and water column stratification, the snow melt onset marked the initiation of the phytoplankton bloom and, concomitantly, the termination of the ice algal bloom. This study therefore underlines the major role of snow on the seasonal dynamics of microalgae in western Baffin Bay. The under-ice water column was dominated by Arctic Waters. Just before the sea ice broke up, phytoplankton had consumed most of the nutrients in the surface layer. A subsurface chlorophyll maximum appeared and deepened, favored by spring tide-induced mixing, reaching the best compromise between light and nutrient availability. This deepening evidenced the importance of upper ocean tidal dynamics for shaping vertical development of the under-ice phytoplankton bloom, a major biological event along the western coast of Baffin Bay, which reached similar magnitude to the offshore ice-edge bloom. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Baffin Bay Baffin Bay Baffin ice algae Phytoplankton Sea ice Unknown Arctic Arctic Ocean Baffin Bay Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene 7 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Unknown |
op_collection_id |
fttriple |
language |
English |
topic |
Under-ice bloom Phytoplankton and sea ice algae Arctic Ocean Baffin Bay Environmental conditions Light and mixing envir geo |
spellingShingle |
Under-ice bloom Phytoplankton and sea ice algae Arctic Ocean Baffin Bay Environmental conditions Light and mixing envir geo L. Oziel P. Massicotte A. Randelhoff J. Ferland A. Vladoiu L. Lacour V. Galindo S. Lambert-Girard D. Dumont Y. Cuypers P. Bouruet-Aubertot C.-J. Mundy J. Ehn G. Bécu C. Marec M.-H. Forget N. Garcia P. Coupel P. Raimbault M.-N. Houssais M. Babin Environmental factors influencing the seasonal dynamics of spring algal blooms in and beneath sea ice in western Baffin Bay |
topic_facet |
Under-ice bloom Phytoplankton and sea ice algae Arctic Ocean Baffin Bay Environmental conditions Light and mixing envir geo |
description |
Arctic sea ice is experiencing a shorter growth season and an earlier ice melt onset. The significance of spring microalgal blooms taking place prior to sea ice breakup is the subject of ongoing scientific debate. During the Green Edge project, unique time-series data were collected during two field campaigns held in spring 2015 and 2016, which documented for the first time the concomitant temporal evolution of the sea ice algal and phytoplankton blooms in and beneath the landfast sea ice in western Baffin Bay. Sea ice algal and phytoplankton blooms were negatively correlated and respectively reached 26 (6) and 152 (182) mg of chlorophyll 'a' per m2 in 2015 (2016). Here, we describe and compare the seasonal evolutions of a wide variety of physical forcings, particularly key components of the atmosphere–snow–ice–ocean system, that influenced microalgal growth during both years. Ice algal growth was observed under low-light conditions before the snow melt period and was much higher in 2015 due to less snowfall. By increasing light availability and water column stratification, the snow melt onset marked the initiation of the phytoplankton bloom and, concomitantly, the termination of the ice algal bloom. This study therefore underlines the major role of snow on the seasonal dynamics of microalgae in western Baffin Bay. The under-ice water column was dominated by Arctic Waters. Just before the sea ice broke up, phytoplankton had consumed most of the nutrients in the surface layer. A subsurface chlorophyll maximum appeared and deepened, favored by spring tide-induced mixing, reaching the best compromise between light and nutrient availability. This deepening evidenced the importance of upper ocean tidal dynamics for shaping vertical development of the under-ice phytoplankton bloom, a major biological event along the western coast of Baffin Bay, which reached similar magnitude to the offshore ice-edge bloom. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
L. Oziel P. Massicotte A. Randelhoff J. Ferland A. Vladoiu L. Lacour V. Galindo S. Lambert-Girard D. Dumont Y. Cuypers P. Bouruet-Aubertot C.-J. Mundy J. Ehn G. Bécu C. Marec M.-H. Forget N. Garcia P. Coupel P. Raimbault M.-N. Houssais M. Babin |
author_facet |
L. Oziel P. Massicotte A. Randelhoff J. Ferland A. Vladoiu L. Lacour V. Galindo S. Lambert-Girard D. Dumont Y. Cuypers P. Bouruet-Aubertot C.-J. Mundy J. Ehn G. Bécu C. Marec M.-H. Forget N. Garcia P. Coupel P. Raimbault M.-N. Houssais M. Babin |
author_sort |
L. Oziel |
title |
Environmental factors influencing the seasonal dynamics of spring algal blooms in and beneath sea ice in western Baffin Bay |
title_short |
Environmental factors influencing the seasonal dynamics of spring algal blooms in and beneath sea ice in western Baffin Bay |
title_full |
Environmental factors influencing the seasonal dynamics of spring algal blooms in and beneath sea ice in western Baffin Bay |
title_fullStr |
Environmental factors influencing the seasonal dynamics of spring algal blooms in and beneath sea ice in western Baffin Bay |
title_full_unstemmed |
Environmental factors influencing the seasonal dynamics of spring algal blooms in and beneath sea ice in western Baffin Bay |
title_sort |
environmental factors influencing the seasonal dynamics of spring algal blooms in and beneath sea ice in western baffin bay |
publisher |
BioOne |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.372 https://doaj.org/article/b018b71344194386ac7c694d3e05636d |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Baffin Bay |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Baffin Bay |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Baffin Bay Baffin Bay Baffin ice algae Phytoplankton Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Baffin Bay Baffin Bay Baffin ice algae Phytoplankton Sea ice |
op_source |
Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, Vol 7, Iss 1 (2019) |
op_relation |
2325-1026 doi:10.1525/elementa.372 https://doaj.org/article/b018b71344194386ac7c694d3e05636d |
op_rights |
undefined |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.372 |
container_title |
Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
container_volume |
7 |
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1766328731643674624 |