Variation in skull bone mineral density of ringed seals (Phoca hispida) from the Gulf of Bothnia and West Greenland between 1829 and 2019
Bone is remodelled constantly through a balance of bone formation and resorption. This process can be affected by various factors such as hormones, vitamins, nutrients and environmental factors, which can create an imbalance resulting in systemic or local bone alteration. The aim of the present stud...
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2020
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105968 https://doaj.org/article/af5ae2a0701f4bc882469a672dff137a |
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fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:oai:doaj.org/article:af5ae2a0701f4bc882469a672dff137a 2023-05-15T15:13:22+02:00 Variation in skull bone mineral density of ringed seals (Phoca hispida) from the Gulf of Bothnia and West Greenland between 1829 and 2019 Britta Schmidt Christian Sonne Dominik Nachtsheim Rune Dietz Ralf Oheim Tim Rolvien Sara Persson Michael Amling Ursula Siebert 2020-10-01 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105968 https://doaj.org/article/af5ae2a0701f4bc882469a672dff137a en eng Elsevier 0160-4120 doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.105968 https://doaj.org/article/af5ae2a0701f4bc882469a672dff137a undefined Environment International, Vol 143, Iss , Pp 105968- (2020) Ringed seal Skull Arctic PCB Long-term study envir geo Journal Article https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_6501/ 2020 fttriple https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105968 2023-01-22T17:50:37Z Bone is remodelled constantly through a balance of bone formation and resorption. This process can be affected by various factors such as hormones, vitamins, nutrients and environmental factors, which can create an imbalance resulting in systemic or local bone alteration. The aim of the present study was to analyse the changes in bone mineral density (BMD) over time in skulls of ringed seals (Pusa hispida) from the Baltic and Greenland using museum samples. Overall, 303 skulls (102 Male, 89 Female, 112 unknown) were used for bone investigations and were divided into three periods according to collection year: before 1958 (n = 167), between 1958 and 1989 (n = 40) and after 1994 up to 2019 (n = 96). All skulls were examined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to obtain the BMD. Skull BMD of the Baltic seals was positively correlated with the historical polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) contamination having potential effects on the constitution of bones. BMD fluctuated between the three study periods (LM: p-value < 0.001, F-value = 47.5) with the lowest BMD found between 1897 and 1957, in the Gulf of Bothnia, where the highest peak of contaminant concentration was in the second period. BMD levels increased with increasing PCB concentration (LM: p < 0.001). The Greenland population showed significant lower BMD levels in the pollution and post-pollution period than the Baltic population (LM: p < 0.001). It also revealed a higher BMD in males than in females (LM: p = 0.03). In conclusion, the variations between 1829 and 2019 in the Baltic Sea and Greenland may to a certain extent reflect normal fluctuations; however, this study revealed several factors affecting BMD, including sex and PCB levels. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Greenland Phoca hispida Pusa hispida ringed seal Unknown Arctic Greenland Environment International 143 105968 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Unknown |
op_collection_id |
fttriple |
language |
English |
topic |
Ringed seal Skull Arctic PCB Long-term study envir geo |
spellingShingle |
Ringed seal Skull Arctic PCB Long-term study envir geo Britta Schmidt Christian Sonne Dominik Nachtsheim Rune Dietz Ralf Oheim Tim Rolvien Sara Persson Michael Amling Ursula Siebert Variation in skull bone mineral density of ringed seals (Phoca hispida) from the Gulf of Bothnia and West Greenland between 1829 and 2019 |
topic_facet |
Ringed seal Skull Arctic PCB Long-term study envir geo |
description |
Bone is remodelled constantly through a balance of bone formation and resorption. This process can be affected by various factors such as hormones, vitamins, nutrients and environmental factors, which can create an imbalance resulting in systemic or local bone alteration. The aim of the present study was to analyse the changes in bone mineral density (BMD) over time in skulls of ringed seals (Pusa hispida) from the Baltic and Greenland using museum samples. Overall, 303 skulls (102 Male, 89 Female, 112 unknown) were used for bone investigations and were divided into three periods according to collection year: before 1958 (n = 167), between 1958 and 1989 (n = 40) and after 1994 up to 2019 (n = 96). All skulls were examined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to obtain the BMD. Skull BMD of the Baltic seals was positively correlated with the historical polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) contamination having potential effects on the constitution of bones. BMD fluctuated between the three study periods (LM: p-value < 0.001, F-value = 47.5) with the lowest BMD found between 1897 and 1957, in the Gulf of Bothnia, where the highest peak of contaminant concentration was in the second period. BMD levels increased with increasing PCB concentration (LM: p < 0.001). The Greenland population showed significant lower BMD levels in the pollution and post-pollution period than the Baltic population (LM: p < 0.001). It also revealed a higher BMD in males than in females (LM: p = 0.03). In conclusion, the variations between 1829 and 2019 in the Baltic Sea and Greenland may to a certain extent reflect normal fluctuations; however, this study revealed several factors affecting BMD, including sex and PCB levels. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Britta Schmidt Christian Sonne Dominik Nachtsheim Rune Dietz Ralf Oheim Tim Rolvien Sara Persson Michael Amling Ursula Siebert |
author_facet |
Britta Schmidt Christian Sonne Dominik Nachtsheim Rune Dietz Ralf Oheim Tim Rolvien Sara Persson Michael Amling Ursula Siebert |
author_sort |
Britta Schmidt |
title |
Variation in skull bone mineral density of ringed seals (Phoca hispida) from the Gulf of Bothnia and West Greenland between 1829 and 2019 |
title_short |
Variation in skull bone mineral density of ringed seals (Phoca hispida) from the Gulf of Bothnia and West Greenland between 1829 and 2019 |
title_full |
Variation in skull bone mineral density of ringed seals (Phoca hispida) from the Gulf of Bothnia and West Greenland between 1829 and 2019 |
title_fullStr |
Variation in skull bone mineral density of ringed seals (Phoca hispida) from the Gulf of Bothnia and West Greenland between 1829 and 2019 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Variation in skull bone mineral density of ringed seals (Phoca hispida) from the Gulf of Bothnia and West Greenland between 1829 and 2019 |
title_sort |
variation in skull bone mineral density of ringed seals (phoca hispida) from the gulf of bothnia and west greenland between 1829 and 2019 |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105968 https://doaj.org/article/af5ae2a0701f4bc882469a672dff137a |
geographic |
Arctic Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Greenland |
genre |
Arctic Greenland Phoca hispida Pusa hispida ringed seal |
genre_facet |
Arctic Greenland Phoca hispida Pusa hispida ringed seal |
op_source |
Environment International, Vol 143, Iss , Pp 105968- (2020) |
op_relation |
0160-4120 doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.105968 https://doaj.org/article/af5ae2a0701f4bc882469a672dff137a |
op_rights |
undefined |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105968 |
container_title |
Environment International |
container_volume |
143 |
container_start_page |
105968 |
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1766343923769278464 |