The spatial extent of hydrological and landscape changes across the mountains and prairies of Canada in the Mackenzie and Nelson River basins based on data from a warm-season time window
East of the Continental Divide in the cold interior of Western Canada, the Mackenzie and Nelson River basins have some of the world's most extreme and variable climates, and the warming climate is changing the landscape, vegetation, cryosphere, and hydrology. Available data consist of streamflo...
Published in: | Hydrology and Earth System Sciences |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2021
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2513-2021 https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/25/2513/2021/hess-25-2513-2021.pdf https://doaj.org/article/94e7400286964e03861f06c55e09214a |
id |
fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:oai:doaj.org/article:94e7400286964e03861f06c55e09214a |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:oai:doaj.org/article:94e7400286964e03861f06c55e09214a 2023-05-15T18:28:38+02:00 The spatial extent of hydrological and landscape changes across the mountains and prairies of Canada in the Mackenzie and Nelson River basins based on data from a warm-season time window P. H. Whitfield P. D. A. Kraaijenbrink K. R. Shook J. W. Pomeroy 2021-05-01 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2513-2021 https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/25/2513/2021/hess-25-2513-2021.pdf https://doaj.org/article/94e7400286964e03861f06c55e09214a en eng Copernicus Publications doi:10.5194/hess-25-2513-2021 1027-5606 1607-7938 https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/25/2513/2021/hess-25-2513-2021.pdf https://doaj.org/article/94e7400286964e03861f06c55e09214a undefined Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol 25, Pp 2513-2541 (2021) envir geo Journal Article https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_6501/ 2021 fttriple https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2513-2021 2023-01-22T17:10:21Z East of the Continental Divide in the cold interior of Western Canada, the Mackenzie and Nelson River basins have some of the world's most extreme and variable climates, and the warming climate is changing the landscape, vegetation, cryosphere, and hydrology. Available data consist of streamflow records from a large number (395) of natural (unmanaged) gauged basins, where flow may be perennial or temporary, collected either year-round or during only the warm season, for a different series of years between 1910 and 2012. An annual warm-season time window where observations were available across all stations was used to classify (1) streamflow regime and (2) seasonal trend patterns. Streamflow trends were compared to changes in satellite Normalized Difference Indices. Clustering using dynamic time warping, which overcomes differences in streamflow timing due to latitude or elevation, identified 12 regime types. Streamflow regime types exhibit a strong connection to location; there is a strong distinction between mountains and plains and associated with ecozones. Clustering of seasonal trends resulted in six trend patterns that also follow a distinct spatial organization. The trend patterns include one with decreasing streamflow, four with different patterns of increasing streamflow, and one without structure. The spatial patterns of trends in mean, minimum, and maximum of Normalized Difference Indices of water and snow (NDWI and NDSI) were similar to each other but different from Normalized Difference Index of vegetation (NDVI) trends. Regime types, trend patterns, and satellite indices trends each showed spatially coherent patterns separating the Canadian Rockies and other mountain ranges in the west from the poorly defined drainage basins in the east and north. Three specific areas of change were identified: (i) in the mountains and cold taiga-covered subarctic, streamflow and greenness were increasing while wetness and snowcover were decreasing, (ii) in the forested Boreal Plains, particularly in the ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Subarctic taiga Unknown Canada Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 25 5 2513 2541 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Unknown |
op_collection_id |
fttriple |
language |
English |
topic |
envir geo |
spellingShingle |
envir geo P. H. Whitfield P. D. A. Kraaijenbrink K. R. Shook J. W. Pomeroy The spatial extent of hydrological and landscape changes across the mountains and prairies of Canada in the Mackenzie and Nelson River basins based on data from a warm-season time window |
topic_facet |
envir geo |
description |
East of the Continental Divide in the cold interior of Western Canada, the Mackenzie and Nelson River basins have some of the world's most extreme and variable climates, and the warming climate is changing the landscape, vegetation, cryosphere, and hydrology. Available data consist of streamflow records from a large number (395) of natural (unmanaged) gauged basins, where flow may be perennial or temporary, collected either year-round or during only the warm season, for a different series of years between 1910 and 2012. An annual warm-season time window where observations were available across all stations was used to classify (1) streamflow regime and (2) seasonal trend patterns. Streamflow trends were compared to changes in satellite Normalized Difference Indices. Clustering using dynamic time warping, which overcomes differences in streamflow timing due to latitude or elevation, identified 12 regime types. Streamflow regime types exhibit a strong connection to location; there is a strong distinction between mountains and plains and associated with ecozones. Clustering of seasonal trends resulted in six trend patterns that also follow a distinct spatial organization. The trend patterns include one with decreasing streamflow, four with different patterns of increasing streamflow, and one without structure. The spatial patterns of trends in mean, minimum, and maximum of Normalized Difference Indices of water and snow (NDWI and NDSI) were similar to each other but different from Normalized Difference Index of vegetation (NDVI) trends. Regime types, trend patterns, and satellite indices trends each showed spatially coherent patterns separating the Canadian Rockies and other mountain ranges in the west from the poorly defined drainage basins in the east and north. Three specific areas of change were identified: (i) in the mountains and cold taiga-covered subarctic, streamflow and greenness were increasing while wetness and snowcover were decreasing, (ii) in the forested Boreal Plains, particularly in the ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
P. H. Whitfield P. D. A. Kraaijenbrink K. R. Shook J. W. Pomeroy |
author_facet |
P. H. Whitfield P. D. A. Kraaijenbrink K. R. Shook J. W. Pomeroy |
author_sort |
P. H. Whitfield |
title |
The spatial extent of hydrological and landscape changes across the mountains and prairies of Canada in the Mackenzie and Nelson River basins based on data from a warm-season time window |
title_short |
The spatial extent of hydrological and landscape changes across the mountains and prairies of Canada in the Mackenzie and Nelson River basins based on data from a warm-season time window |
title_full |
The spatial extent of hydrological and landscape changes across the mountains and prairies of Canada in the Mackenzie and Nelson River basins based on data from a warm-season time window |
title_fullStr |
The spatial extent of hydrological and landscape changes across the mountains and prairies of Canada in the Mackenzie and Nelson River basins based on data from a warm-season time window |
title_full_unstemmed |
The spatial extent of hydrological and landscape changes across the mountains and prairies of Canada in the Mackenzie and Nelson River basins based on data from a warm-season time window |
title_sort |
spatial extent of hydrological and landscape changes across the mountains and prairies of canada in the mackenzie and nelson river basins based on data from a warm-season time window |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2513-2021 https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/25/2513/2021/hess-25-2513-2021.pdf https://doaj.org/article/94e7400286964e03861f06c55e09214a |
geographic |
Canada |
geographic_facet |
Canada |
genre |
Subarctic taiga |
genre_facet |
Subarctic taiga |
op_source |
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol 25, Pp 2513-2541 (2021) |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/hess-25-2513-2021 1027-5606 1607-7938 https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/25/2513/2021/hess-25-2513-2021.pdf https://doaj.org/article/94e7400286964e03861f06c55e09214a |
op_rights |
undefined |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2513-2021 |
container_title |
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences |
container_volume |
25 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
2513 |
op_container_end_page |
2541 |
_version_ |
1766211172343742464 |