Distributed snow and rock temperature modelling in steep rock walls using Alpine3D
In this study we modelled the influence of the spatially and temporally heterogeneous snow cover on the surface energy balance and thus on rock temperatures in two rugged, steep rock walls on the Gemsstock ridge in the central Swiss Alps. The heterogeneous snow depth distribution in the rock walls w...
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fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:oai:doaj.org/article:8b7d965452404800bfcfc9c237acdc6a 2023-05-15T18:32:23+02:00 Distributed snow and rock temperature modelling in steep rock walls using Alpine3D A. Haberkorn N. Wever M. Hoelzle M. Phillips R. Kenner M. Bavay M. Lehning 2017-02-01 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-585-2017 http://www.the-cryosphere.net/11/585/2017/tc-11-585-2017.pdf https://doaj.org/article/8b7d965452404800bfcfc9c237acdc6a en eng Copernicus Publications 1994-0416 1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-11-585-2017 http://www.the-cryosphere.net/11/585/2017/tc-11-585-2017.pdf https://doaj.org/article/8b7d965452404800bfcfc9c237acdc6a undefined The Cryosphere, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 585-607 (2017) geo envir Journal Article https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_6501/ 2017 fttriple https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-585-2017 2023-01-22T17:50:37Z In this study we modelled the influence of the spatially and temporally heterogeneous snow cover on the surface energy balance and thus on rock temperatures in two rugged, steep rock walls on the Gemsstock ridge in the central Swiss Alps. The heterogeneous snow depth distribution in the rock walls was introduced to the distributed, process-based energy balance model Alpine3D with a precipitation scaling method based on snow depth data measured by terrestrial laser scanning. The influence of the snow cover on rock temperatures was investigated by comparing a snow-covered model scenario (precipitation input provided by precipitation scaling) with a snow-free (zero precipitation input) one. Model uncertainties are discussed and evaluated at both the point and spatial scales against 22 near-surface rock temperature measurements and high-resolution snow depth data from winter terrestrial laser scans.In the rough rock walls, the heterogeneously distributed snow cover was moderately well reproduced by Alpine3D with mean absolute errors ranging between 0.31 and 0.81 m. However, snow cover duration was reproduced well and, consequently, near-surface rock temperatures were modelled convincingly. Uncertainties in rock temperature modelling were found to be around 1.6 °C. Errors in snow cover modelling and hence in rock temperature simulations are explained by inadequate snow settlement due to linear precipitation scaling, missing lateral heat fluxes in the rock, and by errors caused by interpolation of shortwave radiation, wind and air temperature into the rock walls.Mean annual near-surface rock temperature increases were both measured and modelled in the steep rock walls as a consequence of a thick, long-lasting snow cover. Rock temperatures were 1.3–2.5 °C higher in the shaded and sunny rock walls, while comparing snow-covered to snow-free simulations. This helps to assess the potential error made in ground temperature modelling when neglecting snow in steep bedrock. Article in Journal/Newspaper The Cryosphere Unknown The Cryosphere 11 1 585 607 |
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English |
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geo envir |
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geo envir A. Haberkorn N. Wever M. Hoelzle M. Phillips R. Kenner M. Bavay M. Lehning Distributed snow and rock temperature modelling in steep rock walls using Alpine3D |
topic_facet |
geo envir |
description |
In this study we modelled the influence of the spatially and temporally heterogeneous snow cover on the surface energy balance and thus on rock temperatures in two rugged, steep rock walls on the Gemsstock ridge in the central Swiss Alps. The heterogeneous snow depth distribution in the rock walls was introduced to the distributed, process-based energy balance model Alpine3D with a precipitation scaling method based on snow depth data measured by terrestrial laser scanning. The influence of the snow cover on rock temperatures was investigated by comparing a snow-covered model scenario (precipitation input provided by precipitation scaling) with a snow-free (zero precipitation input) one. Model uncertainties are discussed and evaluated at both the point and spatial scales against 22 near-surface rock temperature measurements and high-resolution snow depth data from winter terrestrial laser scans.In the rough rock walls, the heterogeneously distributed snow cover was moderately well reproduced by Alpine3D with mean absolute errors ranging between 0.31 and 0.81 m. However, snow cover duration was reproduced well and, consequently, near-surface rock temperatures were modelled convincingly. Uncertainties in rock temperature modelling were found to be around 1.6 °C. Errors in snow cover modelling and hence in rock temperature simulations are explained by inadequate snow settlement due to linear precipitation scaling, missing lateral heat fluxes in the rock, and by errors caused by interpolation of shortwave radiation, wind and air temperature into the rock walls.Mean annual near-surface rock temperature increases were both measured and modelled in the steep rock walls as a consequence of a thick, long-lasting snow cover. Rock temperatures were 1.3–2.5 °C higher in the shaded and sunny rock walls, while comparing snow-covered to snow-free simulations. This helps to assess the potential error made in ground temperature modelling when neglecting snow in steep bedrock. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
A. Haberkorn N. Wever M. Hoelzle M. Phillips R. Kenner M. Bavay M. Lehning |
author_facet |
A. Haberkorn N. Wever M. Hoelzle M. Phillips R. Kenner M. Bavay M. Lehning |
author_sort |
A. Haberkorn |
title |
Distributed snow and rock temperature modelling in steep rock walls using Alpine3D |
title_short |
Distributed snow and rock temperature modelling in steep rock walls using Alpine3D |
title_full |
Distributed snow and rock temperature modelling in steep rock walls using Alpine3D |
title_fullStr |
Distributed snow and rock temperature modelling in steep rock walls using Alpine3D |
title_full_unstemmed |
Distributed snow and rock temperature modelling in steep rock walls using Alpine3D |
title_sort |
distributed snow and rock temperature modelling in steep rock walls using alpine3d |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-585-2017 http://www.the-cryosphere.net/11/585/2017/tc-11-585-2017.pdf https://doaj.org/article/8b7d965452404800bfcfc9c237acdc6a |
genre |
The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
The Cryosphere |
op_source |
The Cryosphere, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 585-607 (2017) |
op_relation |
1994-0416 1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-11-585-2017 http://www.the-cryosphere.net/11/585/2017/tc-11-585-2017.pdf https://doaj.org/article/8b7d965452404800bfcfc9c237acdc6a |
op_rights |
undefined |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-585-2017 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
585 |
op_container_end_page |
607 |
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