The Antarctic ozone hole during 2020
The Antarctic ozone hole remains the focus of scientific attention because of its importance to the health of the biosphere and its influence on the climate of the southern hemisphere. Here we examine the general characteristics of the 2020 Antarctic ozone hole using a variety of observational and r...
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fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:oai:doaj.org/article:78e74a46f04d4cd39957f12643f09d77 2023-05-15T13:48:37+02:00 The Antarctic ozone hole during 2020 Gerald Nedoluha Paul J. Fraser Simon P. Alexander Sylvia Nichol Richard Querel Dan Smale Stuart I. Henderson Paul B. Krummel Matthew B. Tully Andrew R. Klekociuk 2022-01-01 https://doaj.org/article/78e74a46f04d4cd39957f12643f09d77 en eng CSIRO Publishing 2206-5865 https://doaj.org/article/78e74a46f04d4cd39957f12643f09d77 undefined Journal of Southern Hemisphere Earth Systems Science, Vol 72, Iss 1, Pp 19-37 (2022) Antarctica ‘Black Summer fires’ climate ozone ozone hole ozone hole metrics geo envir Journal Article https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_6501/ 2022 fttriple 2023-01-22T19:34:06Z The Antarctic ozone hole remains the focus of scientific attention because of its importance to the health of the biosphere and its influence on the climate of the southern hemisphere. Here we examine the general characteristics of the 2020 Antarctic ozone hole using a variety of observational and reanalysis data and compare and contrast its behaviour with earlier years. The main feature of the 2020 ozone hole was its relatively large size, and persistence to the beginning of the 2020/2021 summer, with new maximum records being set for the ozone hole daily area and ozone mass deficit during November and December. This was in strong contrast to 2019 when the ozone hole was one of the smallest observed. We show that a key factor in 2020 was the relative stability and strength of the stratospheric polar vortex, which allowed low temperatures in the Antarctic lower stratosphere to enhance ozone depletion reactions in relative isolation from the rest of the global atmosphere. These conditions were associated with relatively weak Rossby wave activity at high southern latitudes that occurred during the strengthening westerly phase of the Quasi Biennial Oscillation as well as the emerging La Niña phase of the El Niño Southern Oscillation. A consequence of the conditions in early summer was the measurement of new maximum values of ultraviolet radiation at Australia’s three Antarctic research stations of Mawson, Davis and Casey. Indications of anomalous chlorine partitioning above Arrival Heights in Antarctica prior to the 2020 winter are provided, which may relate to effects from the 2019/2020 Australian wildfires. We also examine the effect of the downward coupling of the 2020 ozone hole to the climate of the wider southern hemisphere, which showed regional influences on surface temperature and precipitation in common with other strong vortex years. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Unknown Antarctic Arrival Heights ENVELOPE(166.650,166.650,-77.817,-77.817) The Antarctic |
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Open Polar |
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English |
topic |
Antarctica ‘Black Summer fires’ climate ozone ozone hole ozone hole metrics geo envir |
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Antarctica ‘Black Summer fires’ climate ozone ozone hole ozone hole metrics geo envir Gerald Nedoluha Paul J. Fraser Simon P. Alexander Sylvia Nichol Richard Querel Dan Smale Stuart I. Henderson Paul B. Krummel Matthew B. Tully Andrew R. Klekociuk The Antarctic ozone hole during 2020 |
topic_facet |
Antarctica ‘Black Summer fires’ climate ozone ozone hole ozone hole metrics geo envir |
description |
The Antarctic ozone hole remains the focus of scientific attention because of its importance to the health of the biosphere and its influence on the climate of the southern hemisphere. Here we examine the general characteristics of the 2020 Antarctic ozone hole using a variety of observational and reanalysis data and compare and contrast its behaviour with earlier years. The main feature of the 2020 ozone hole was its relatively large size, and persistence to the beginning of the 2020/2021 summer, with new maximum records being set for the ozone hole daily area and ozone mass deficit during November and December. This was in strong contrast to 2019 when the ozone hole was one of the smallest observed. We show that a key factor in 2020 was the relative stability and strength of the stratospheric polar vortex, which allowed low temperatures in the Antarctic lower stratosphere to enhance ozone depletion reactions in relative isolation from the rest of the global atmosphere. These conditions were associated with relatively weak Rossby wave activity at high southern latitudes that occurred during the strengthening westerly phase of the Quasi Biennial Oscillation as well as the emerging La Niña phase of the El Niño Southern Oscillation. A consequence of the conditions in early summer was the measurement of new maximum values of ultraviolet radiation at Australia’s three Antarctic research stations of Mawson, Davis and Casey. Indications of anomalous chlorine partitioning above Arrival Heights in Antarctica prior to the 2020 winter are provided, which may relate to effects from the 2019/2020 Australian wildfires. We also examine the effect of the downward coupling of the 2020 ozone hole to the climate of the wider southern hemisphere, which showed regional influences on surface temperature and precipitation in common with other strong vortex years. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gerald Nedoluha Paul J. Fraser Simon P. Alexander Sylvia Nichol Richard Querel Dan Smale Stuart I. Henderson Paul B. Krummel Matthew B. Tully Andrew R. Klekociuk |
author_facet |
Gerald Nedoluha Paul J. Fraser Simon P. Alexander Sylvia Nichol Richard Querel Dan Smale Stuart I. Henderson Paul B. Krummel Matthew B. Tully Andrew R. Klekociuk |
author_sort |
Gerald Nedoluha |
title |
The Antarctic ozone hole during 2020 |
title_short |
The Antarctic ozone hole during 2020 |
title_full |
The Antarctic ozone hole during 2020 |
title_fullStr |
The Antarctic ozone hole during 2020 |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Antarctic ozone hole during 2020 |
title_sort |
antarctic ozone hole during 2020 |
publisher |
CSIRO Publishing |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doaj.org/article/78e74a46f04d4cd39957f12643f09d77 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(166.650,166.650,-77.817,-77.817) |
geographic |
Antarctic Arrival Heights The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Arrival Heights The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica |
op_source |
Journal of Southern Hemisphere Earth Systems Science, Vol 72, Iss 1, Pp 19-37 (2022) |
op_relation |
2206-5865 https://doaj.org/article/78e74a46f04d4cd39957f12643f09d77 |
op_rights |
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1766249523241287680 |