An independently dated 2000-yr volcanic record from Law Dome, East Antarctica, including a new perspective on the dating of the 1450s CE eruption of Kuwae, Vanuatu

Volcanic eruptions are an important cause of natural climate variability. In order to improve the accuracy of climate models, precise dating and magnitude of the climatic effects of past volcanism are necessary. Here we present a 2000-yr record of Southern Hemisphere volcanism recorded in ice cores...

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Published in:Climate of the Past
Main Authors: C. T. Plummer, M. A. J. Curran, T D. van Ommen, S. O. Rasmussen, A. D. Moy, T. R. Vance, H. B. Clausen, B. M. Vinther, P. A. Mayewski
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Copernicus Publications 2012
Subjects:
geo
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-1929-2012
http://www.clim-past.net/8/1929/2012/cp-8-1929-2012.pdf
https://doaj.org/article/6ffcdb8835774d209642484ee40ddd75
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spelling fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:oai:doaj.org/article:6ffcdb8835774d209642484ee40ddd75 2023-05-15T13:46:30+02:00 An independently dated 2000-yr volcanic record from Law Dome, East Antarctica, including a new perspective on the dating of the 1450s CE eruption of Kuwae, Vanuatu C. T. Plummer M. A. J. Curran T D. van Ommen S. O. Rasmussen A. D. Moy T. R. Vance H. B. Clausen B. M. Vinther P. A. Mayewski 2012-11-01 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-1929-2012 http://www.clim-past.net/8/1929/2012/cp-8-1929-2012.pdf https://doaj.org/article/6ffcdb8835774d209642484ee40ddd75 en eng Copernicus Publications doi:10.5194/cp-8-1929-2012 1814-9324 1814-9332 http://www.clim-past.net/8/1929/2012/cp-8-1929-2012.pdf https://doaj.org/article/6ffcdb8835774d209642484ee40ddd75 undefined Climate of the Past, Vol 8, Iss 6, Pp 1929-1940 (2012) geo envir Journal Article https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_6501/ 2012 fttriple https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-1929-2012 2023-01-22T17:51:23Z Volcanic eruptions are an important cause of natural climate variability. In order to improve the accuracy of climate models, precise dating and magnitude of the climatic effects of past volcanism are necessary. Here we present a 2000-yr record of Southern Hemisphere volcanism recorded in ice cores from the high accumulation Law Dome site, East Antarctica. The ice cores were analysed for a suite of chemistry signals and are independently dated via annual layer counting, with 11 ambiguous years at 23 BCE, which has presently the lowest error of all published long Antarctic ice cores. Independently dated records are important to avoid circular dating where volcanic signatures are assigned a date from some external information rather than using the date it is found in the ice core. Forty-five volcanic events have been identified using the sulphate chemistry of the Law Dome record. The low dating error and comparison with the NGRIP (North Greenland Ice Core Project) volcanic records (on the GICC05 timescale) suggest Law Dome is the most accurately dated Antarctic volcanic dataset, which will improve the dating of individual volcanic events and potentially allow better correlation between ice core records, leading to improvements in global volcanic forcing datasets. One of the most important volcanic events of the last two millennia is the large 1450s CE event, usually assigned to the eruption of Kuwae, Vanuatu. In this study, we review the evidence surrounding the presently accepted date for this event, and make the case that two separate eruptions have caused confusion in the assignment of this event. Volcanic sulphate deposition estimates are important for modelling the climatic response to eruptions. The largest volcanic sulphate events in our record are dated at 1458 CE (Kuwae?, Vanuatu), 1257 and 422 CE (unidentified). Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica East Antarctica Greenland Greenland ice core Greenland Ice core Project ice core NGRIP North Greenland North Greenland Ice Core Project Unknown Antarctic East Antarctica Greenland Law Dome ENVELOPE(112.833,112.833,-66.733,-66.733) Climate of the Past 8 6 1929 1940
institution Open Polar
collection Unknown
op_collection_id fttriple
language English
topic geo
envir
spellingShingle geo
envir
C. T. Plummer
M. A. J. Curran
T D. van Ommen
S. O. Rasmussen
A. D. Moy
T. R. Vance
H. B. Clausen
B. M. Vinther
P. A. Mayewski
An independently dated 2000-yr volcanic record from Law Dome, East Antarctica, including a new perspective on the dating of the 1450s CE eruption of Kuwae, Vanuatu
topic_facet geo
envir
description Volcanic eruptions are an important cause of natural climate variability. In order to improve the accuracy of climate models, precise dating and magnitude of the climatic effects of past volcanism are necessary. Here we present a 2000-yr record of Southern Hemisphere volcanism recorded in ice cores from the high accumulation Law Dome site, East Antarctica. The ice cores were analysed for a suite of chemistry signals and are independently dated via annual layer counting, with 11 ambiguous years at 23 BCE, which has presently the lowest error of all published long Antarctic ice cores. Independently dated records are important to avoid circular dating where volcanic signatures are assigned a date from some external information rather than using the date it is found in the ice core. Forty-five volcanic events have been identified using the sulphate chemistry of the Law Dome record. The low dating error and comparison with the NGRIP (North Greenland Ice Core Project) volcanic records (on the GICC05 timescale) suggest Law Dome is the most accurately dated Antarctic volcanic dataset, which will improve the dating of individual volcanic events and potentially allow better correlation between ice core records, leading to improvements in global volcanic forcing datasets. One of the most important volcanic events of the last two millennia is the large 1450s CE event, usually assigned to the eruption of Kuwae, Vanuatu. In this study, we review the evidence surrounding the presently accepted date for this event, and make the case that two separate eruptions have caused confusion in the assignment of this event. Volcanic sulphate deposition estimates are important for modelling the climatic response to eruptions. The largest volcanic sulphate events in our record are dated at 1458 CE (Kuwae?, Vanuatu), 1257 and 422 CE (unidentified).
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author C. T. Plummer
M. A. J. Curran
T D. van Ommen
S. O. Rasmussen
A. D. Moy
T. R. Vance
H. B. Clausen
B. M. Vinther
P. A. Mayewski
author_facet C. T. Plummer
M. A. J. Curran
T D. van Ommen
S. O. Rasmussen
A. D. Moy
T. R. Vance
H. B. Clausen
B. M. Vinther
P. A. Mayewski
author_sort C. T. Plummer
title An independently dated 2000-yr volcanic record from Law Dome, East Antarctica, including a new perspective on the dating of the 1450s CE eruption of Kuwae, Vanuatu
title_short An independently dated 2000-yr volcanic record from Law Dome, East Antarctica, including a new perspective on the dating of the 1450s CE eruption of Kuwae, Vanuatu
title_full An independently dated 2000-yr volcanic record from Law Dome, East Antarctica, including a new perspective on the dating of the 1450s CE eruption of Kuwae, Vanuatu
title_fullStr An independently dated 2000-yr volcanic record from Law Dome, East Antarctica, including a new perspective on the dating of the 1450s CE eruption of Kuwae, Vanuatu
title_full_unstemmed An independently dated 2000-yr volcanic record from Law Dome, East Antarctica, including a new perspective on the dating of the 1450s CE eruption of Kuwae, Vanuatu
title_sort independently dated 2000-yr volcanic record from law dome, east antarctica, including a new perspective on the dating of the 1450s ce eruption of kuwae, vanuatu
publisher Copernicus Publications
publishDate 2012
url https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-1929-2012
http://www.clim-past.net/8/1929/2012/cp-8-1929-2012.pdf
https://doaj.org/article/6ffcdb8835774d209642484ee40ddd75
long_lat ENVELOPE(112.833,112.833,-66.733,-66.733)
geographic Antarctic
East Antarctica
Greenland
Law Dome
geographic_facet Antarctic
East Antarctica
Greenland
Law Dome
genre Antarc*
Antarctic
Antarctica
East Antarctica
Greenland
Greenland ice core
Greenland Ice core Project
ice core
NGRIP
North Greenland
North Greenland Ice Core Project
genre_facet Antarc*
Antarctic
Antarctica
East Antarctica
Greenland
Greenland ice core
Greenland Ice core Project
ice core
NGRIP
North Greenland
North Greenland Ice Core Project
op_source Climate of the Past, Vol 8, Iss 6, Pp 1929-1940 (2012)
op_relation doi:10.5194/cp-8-1929-2012
1814-9324
1814-9332
http://www.clim-past.net/8/1929/2012/cp-8-1929-2012.pdf
https://doaj.org/article/6ffcdb8835774d209642484ee40ddd75
op_rights undefined
op_doi https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-1929-2012
container_title Climate of the Past
container_volume 8
container_issue 6
container_start_page 1929
op_container_end_page 1940
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