The extreme drought of 1842 in Europe as described by both documentary data and instrumental measurements
Extreme droughts are weather phenomena of considerable importance, involving significant environmental and societal impacts. While those that have occurred in the comparatively recent period of instrumental measurement are identified and dated on the basis of systematic, machine-standardized meteoro...
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fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:oai:doaj.org/article:52b8f45b44e247adbeb7c686f74c3a07 2023-05-15T17:35:38+02:00 The extreme drought of 1842 in Europe as described by both documentary data and instrumental measurements R. Brázdil G. R. Demarée A. Kiss P. Dobrovolný K. Chromá M. Trnka L. Dolák L. Řezníčková P. Zahradníček D. Limanowka S. Jourdain 2019-10-01 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1861-2019 https://www.clim-past.net/15/1861/2019/cp-15-1861-2019.pdf https://doaj.org/article/52b8f45b44e247adbeb7c686f74c3a07 en eng Copernicus Publications doi:10.5194/cp-15-1861-2019 1814-9324 1814-9332 https://www.clim-past.net/15/1861/2019/cp-15-1861-2019.pdf https://doaj.org/article/52b8f45b44e247adbeb7c686f74c3a07 undefined Climate of the Past, Vol 15, Pp 1861-1884 (2019) envir geo Journal Article https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_6501/ 2019 fttriple https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1861-2019 2023-01-22T19:28:15Z Extreme droughts are weather phenomena of considerable importance, involving significant environmental and societal impacts. While those that have occurred in the comparatively recent period of instrumental measurement are identified and dated on the basis of systematic, machine-standardized meteorological and hydrological observations, droughts that took place in the pre-instrumental period are usually described only through the medium of documentary evidence. The extreme drought of 1842 in Europe presents a case in which information from documentary data can be combined with systematic instrumental observations. Seasonal, gridded European precipitation totals are used herein to describe general DJF, MAM, and JJA precipitation patterns. Annual variations in monthly temperatures and precipitation at individual stations are expressed with respect to a 1961–1990 reference period, supplemented by calculation of selected drought indices (Standardized Precipitation Index, SPI; Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index, SPEI; and Palmer Z index). The mean circulation patterns during the driest months are elucidated by means of sea-level pressure (SLP) maps, the North Atlantic Oscillation Index (NAOI), and the Central European Zonal Index (CEZI). Generally drier patterns in 1842 prevailed in January–February and at various intensities between April and August. The driest patterns in 1842 occurred in a broad zonal belt extending from France to eastern central Europe. A range of documentary data is used to describe the peculiarities of agricultural, hydrological, and socio-economic droughts, with particular attention to environmental and societal impacts and human responses to them. Although overall grain yields were not very strongly influenced, a particularly bad hay harvest, no aftermath (hay from a second cut), and low potato yields led to severe problems, especially for those who raised cattle. Finally, the 1842 drought is discussed in terms of long-term drought variability, European tree-ring-based scPDSI ... Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Unknown Climate of the Past 15 5 1861 1884 |
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Open Polar |
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English |
topic |
envir geo |
spellingShingle |
envir geo R. Brázdil G. R. Demarée A. Kiss P. Dobrovolný K. Chromá M. Trnka L. Dolák L. Řezníčková P. Zahradníček D. Limanowka S. Jourdain The extreme drought of 1842 in Europe as described by both documentary data and instrumental measurements |
topic_facet |
envir geo |
description |
Extreme droughts are weather phenomena of considerable importance, involving significant environmental and societal impacts. While those that have occurred in the comparatively recent period of instrumental measurement are identified and dated on the basis of systematic, machine-standardized meteorological and hydrological observations, droughts that took place in the pre-instrumental period are usually described only through the medium of documentary evidence. The extreme drought of 1842 in Europe presents a case in which information from documentary data can be combined with systematic instrumental observations. Seasonal, gridded European precipitation totals are used herein to describe general DJF, MAM, and JJA precipitation patterns. Annual variations in monthly temperatures and precipitation at individual stations are expressed with respect to a 1961–1990 reference period, supplemented by calculation of selected drought indices (Standardized Precipitation Index, SPI; Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index, SPEI; and Palmer Z index). The mean circulation patterns during the driest months are elucidated by means of sea-level pressure (SLP) maps, the North Atlantic Oscillation Index (NAOI), and the Central European Zonal Index (CEZI). Generally drier patterns in 1842 prevailed in January–February and at various intensities between April and August. The driest patterns in 1842 occurred in a broad zonal belt extending from France to eastern central Europe. A range of documentary data is used to describe the peculiarities of agricultural, hydrological, and socio-economic droughts, with particular attention to environmental and societal impacts and human responses to them. Although overall grain yields were not very strongly influenced, a particularly bad hay harvest, no aftermath (hay from a second cut), and low potato yields led to severe problems, especially for those who raised cattle. Finally, the 1842 drought is discussed in terms of long-term drought variability, European tree-ring-based scPDSI ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
R. Brázdil G. R. Demarée A. Kiss P. Dobrovolný K. Chromá M. Trnka L. Dolák L. Řezníčková P. Zahradníček D. Limanowka S. Jourdain |
author_facet |
R. Brázdil G. R. Demarée A. Kiss P. Dobrovolný K. Chromá M. Trnka L. Dolák L. Řezníčková P. Zahradníček D. Limanowka S. Jourdain |
author_sort |
R. Brázdil |
title |
The extreme drought of 1842 in Europe as described by both documentary data and instrumental measurements |
title_short |
The extreme drought of 1842 in Europe as described by both documentary data and instrumental measurements |
title_full |
The extreme drought of 1842 in Europe as described by both documentary data and instrumental measurements |
title_fullStr |
The extreme drought of 1842 in Europe as described by both documentary data and instrumental measurements |
title_full_unstemmed |
The extreme drought of 1842 in Europe as described by both documentary data and instrumental measurements |
title_sort |
extreme drought of 1842 in europe as described by both documentary data and instrumental measurements |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1861-2019 https://www.clim-past.net/15/1861/2019/cp-15-1861-2019.pdf https://doaj.org/article/52b8f45b44e247adbeb7c686f74c3a07 |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_source |
Climate of the Past, Vol 15, Pp 1861-1884 (2019) |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/cp-15-1861-2019 1814-9324 1814-9332 https://www.clim-past.net/15/1861/2019/cp-15-1861-2019.pdf https://doaj.org/article/52b8f45b44e247adbeb7c686f74c3a07 |
op_rights |
undefined |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1861-2019 |
container_title |
Climate of the Past |
container_volume |
15 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
1861 |
op_container_end_page |
1884 |
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1766134865223221248 |