Analysis of HIV Incidence and its Clinical Indicators in The Russian Arctic Regions

• Main Authors: Zagdyn Z.M., Ivanov A.S., Shikina I.B., Golubev N.A., Vasilieva T.P.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English; Russian
• Published: LLC Center for Information and Legal Support for the Development of the Arctic 2022
• Subjects: hiv-incidence; socially significant infections; russian arctic; demo; psy; Arctic; Sakha; Chukotka; Republic of Sakha; Yakutia
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.24412/2658-4255-2022-3-05-20; https://doaj.org/article/51296f36268041ed99bb159d26c2247f

The aim of population based analytical study is comparative analysis of HIV incidence and knowing its social, epidemiological features, also clinical characteristics among registered by AIDS Centers patients in Russian Arctic regions. Materials and methods. Epidemiological study assessed HIV incidence trends, its population testing level and main routs, analyzed age-gender, social, characteristics, evaluated reporting system for new HIV cases, also analyzed clinical indicators among registered patients. Information source were federal statistical observation forms (№ 61 and № 4) for 2007-2021. Results. HIV incidence in 2007-2021 increased in all Arctic regions, especially in Krasnoyarsk Kray (39,3-74,3 per 100 thousand population). HIV testing markedly decreased in Chukotka- by 12,3 %, with significant increase in its detectability (HR1,48; 95,0 % CI46,72-0,05). Arctic residents are predominantly infected with HIV heterosexually, especially in NAO - 100,0 %, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) – 97.0 %, Chukotka and YANAO - 88,0 % and 84,5 % in 2021 respectively. HIV mainly affects the employable population, aged 25-49 y.o, with predominance of male. In some regions (NAO, Republics Komi, Sakha (Yakutia) in fertile groups prevailed women, especially in Chukotka, where rural residents also predominate among those newly infected with HIV (56,0 %). ART coverage of registered patients in the Arctic regions was above the target indicator (75,4 %), with the exception of Krasnoyarsk Kray (66,2 %). The undetectable level of VL among patients on ART in all Arctic regions was above 60,0 %, except for Chukotka (42,9 %). The ART coverage of patients with CD4+ lymphocytes <350 cells/µl also was high and ranged from 75,0 % in NAO to 100,0 % in Krasnoyarsk Kray. Conclusion. By epidemiological, age-gender, social and clinical data of HIV cases, the most vulnerable Arctic region is Chukotka. It needs to provide more in-depth research on factors affecting the epidemic and to enhance measures to control the spread of HIV infection in ...