Snowpack measurements suggest role for multi-year sea ice regions in Arctic atmospheric bromine and chlorine chemistry
As sources of reactive halogens, snowpacks in sea ice regions control the oxidative capacity of the Arctic atmosphere. However, measurements of snowpack halide concentrations remain sparse, particularly in the high Arctic, limiting our understanding of and ability to parameterize snowpack participat...
Published in: | Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.352 https://doaj.org/article/4e2c73c46e5c41a9ad32b7f6b7c84c12 |
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fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:oai:doaj.org/article:4e2c73c46e5c41a9ad32b7f6b7c84c12 2023-05-15T14:41:22+02:00 Snowpack measurements suggest role for multi-year sea ice regions in Arctic atmospheric bromine and chlorine chemistry Peter K. Peterson Mark Hartwig Nathaniel W. May Evan Schwartz Ignatius Rigor Wendy Ermold Michael Steele James H. Morison Son V. Nghiem Kerri A. Pratt 2019-05-01 https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.352 https://doaj.org/article/4e2c73c46e5c41a9ad32b7f6b7c84c12 en eng BioOne 2325-1026 doi:10.1525/elementa.352 https://doaj.org/article/4e2c73c46e5c41a9ad32b7f6b7c84c12 undefined Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, Vol 7, Iss 1 (2019) Arctic Snow Sea ice Bromine Chlorine Halogen geo envir Journal Article https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_6501/ 2019 fttriple https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.352 2023-01-22T18:16:04Z As sources of reactive halogens, snowpacks in sea ice regions control the oxidative capacity of the Arctic atmosphere. However, measurements of snowpack halide concentrations remain sparse, particularly in the high Arctic, limiting our understanding of and ability to parameterize snowpack participation in tropospheric halogen chemistry. To address this gap, we measured concentrations of chloride, bromide, and sodium in snow samples collected during polar spring above remote multi-year sea ice (MYI) and first-year sea ice(FYI) north of Greenland and Alask, as well as in the central Arctic, and compared these measurements to a larger dataset collected in the Alaskan coastal Arctic by Krnavek et al. (2012). Regardless of sea ice region, these surface snow samples generally featured lower salinities, compared to coastal snow. Surface snow in FYI regions was typically enriched in bromide and chloride compared to seawater, indicating snowpack deposition of bromine and chlorine-containing trace gases and an ability of the snowpack to participate further in bromine and chlorine activation processes. In contrast, surface snow in MYI regions was more often depleted in bromide, indicating it served as a source of bromine-containing trace gases to the atmosphere prior to sampling. Measurements at various snow depths indicate that the deposition of sea salt aerosols and halogen-containing trace gases to the snowpack surface played a larger role in determining surface snow halide concentrations compared to upward brine migration from sea ice. Calculated enrichment factors for bromide and chloride, relative to sodium, in the MYI snow samples suggests that MYI regions, in addition to FYI regions, have the potential to play an active role in Arctic boundary layer bromine and chlorine chemistry. The ability of MYI regions to participate in springtime atmospheric halogen chemistry should be considered in regional modeling of halogen activation and interpretation of satellite-based tropospheric bromine monoxide column measurements. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Greenland Sea ice Unknown Arctic Greenland Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene 7 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Unknown |
op_collection_id |
fttriple |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic Snow Sea ice Bromine Chlorine Halogen geo envir |
spellingShingle |
Arctic Snow Sea ice Bromine Chlorine Halogen geo envir Peter K. Peterson Mark Hartwig Nathaniel W. May Evan Schwartz Ignatius Rigor Wendy Ermold Michael Steele James H. Morison Son V. Nghiem Kerri A. Pratt Snowpack measurements suggest role for multi-year sea ice regions in Arctic atmospheric bromine and chlorine chemistry |
topic_facet |
Arctic Snow Sea ice Bromine Chlorine Halogen geo envir |
description |
As sources of reactive halogens, snowpacks in sea ice regions control the oxidative capacity of the Arctic atmosphere. However, measurements of snowpack halide concentrations remain sparse, particularly in the high Arctic, limiting our understanding of and ability to parameterize snowpack participation in tropospheric halogen chemistry. To address this gap, we measured concentrations of chloride, bromide, and sodium in snow samples collected during polar spring above remote multi-year sea ice (MYI) and first-year sea ice(FYI) north of Greenland and Alask, as well as in the central Arctic, and compared these measurements to a larger dataset collected in the Alaskan coastal Arctic by Krnavek et al. (2012). Regardless of sea ice region, these surface snow samples generally featured lower salinities, compared to coastal snow. Surface snow in FYI regions was typically enriched in bromide and chloride compared to seawater, indicating snowpack deposition of bromine and chlorine-containing trace gases and an ability of the snowpack to participate further in bromine and chlorine activation processes. In contrast, surface snow in MYI regions was more often depleted in bromide, indicating it served as a source of bromine-containing trace gases to the atmosphere prior to sampling. Measurements at various snow depths indicate that the deposition of sea salt aerosols and halogen-containing trace gases to the snowpack surface played a larger role in determining surface snow halide concentrations compared to upward brine migration from sea ice. Calculated enrichment factors for bromide and chloride, relative to sodium, in the MYI snow samples suggests that MYI regions, in addition to FYI regions, have the potential to play an active role in Arctic boundary layer bromine and chlorine chemistry. The ability of MYI regions to participate in springtime atmospheric halogen chemistry should be considered in regional modeling of halogen activation and interpretation of satellite-based tropospheric bromine monoxide column measurements. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Peter K. Peterson Mark Hartwig Nathaniel W. May Evan Schwartz Ignatius Rigor Wendy Ermold Michael Steele James H. Morison Son V. Nghiem Kerri A. Pratt |
author_facet |
Peter K. Peterson Mark Hartwig Nathaniel W. May Evan Schwartz Ignatius Rigor Wendy Ermold Michael Steele James H. Morison Son V. Nghiem Kerri A. Pratt |
author_sort |
Peter K. Peterson |
title |
Snowpack measurements suggest role for multi-year sea ice regions in Arctic atmospheric bromine and chlorine chemistry |
title_short |
Snowpack measurements suggest role for multi-year sea ice regions in Arctic atmospheric bromine and chlorine chemistry |
title_full |
Snowpack measurements suggest role for multi-year sea ice regions in Arctic atmospheric bromine and chlorine chemistry |
title_fullStr |
Snowpack measurements suggest role for multi-year sea ice regions in Arctic atmospheric bromine and chlorine chemistry |
title_full_unstemmed |
Snowpack measurements suggest role for multi-year sea ice regions in Arctic atmospheric bromine and chlorine chemistry |
title_sort |
snowpack measurements suggest role for multi-year sea ice regions in arctic atmospheric bromine and chlorine chemistry |
publisher |
BioOne |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.352 https://doaj.org/article/4e2c73c46e5c41a9ad32b7f6b7c84c12 |
geographic |
Arctic Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Greenland |
genre |
Arctic Greenland Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Greenland Sea ice |
op_source |
Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, Vol 7, Iss 1 (2019) |
op_relation |
2325-1026 doi:10.1525/elementa.352 https://doaj.org/article/4e2c73c46e5c41a9ad32b7f6b7c84c12 |
op_rights |
undefined |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.352 |
container_title |
Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
container_volume |
7 |
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1766313152478183424 |