Southern ocean warming, sea level and hydrological change during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum
A brief (~150 kyr) period of widespread global average surface warming marks the transition between the Paleocene and Eocene epochs, ~56 million years ago. This so-called "Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum" (PETM) is associated with the massive injection of 13C-depleted carbon, reflected in...
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fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:oai:doaj.org/article:49394ca1f6204f508f44ae0d7d21d5da 2023-05-15T14:03:52+02:00 Southern ocean warming, sea level and hydrological change during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum A. Sluijs P. K. Bijl S. Schouten U. Röhl G.-J. Reichart H. Brinkhuis 2011-01-01 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-47-2011 http://www.clim-past.net/7/47/2011/cp-7-47-2011.pdf https://doaj.org/article/49394ca1f6204f508f44ae0d7d21d5da en eng Copernicus Publications doi:10.5194/cp-7-47-2011 1814-9324 1814-9332 http://www.clim-past.net/7/47/2011/cp-7-47-2011.pdf https://doaj.org/article/49394ca1f6204f508f44ae0d7d21d5da undefined Climate of the Past, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 47-61 (2011) geo envir Journal Article https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_6501/ 2011 fttriple https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-47-2011 2023-01-22T17:52:59Z A brief (~150 kyr) period of widespread global average surface warming marks the transition between the Paleocene and Eocene epochs, ~56 million years ago. This so-called "Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum" (PETM) is associated with the massive injection of 13C-depleted carbon, reflected in a negative carbon isotope excursion (CIE). Biotic responses include a global abundance peak (acme) of the subtropical dinoflagellate Apectodinium. Here we identify the PETM in a marine sedimentary sequence deposited on the East Tasman Plateau at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 1172 and show, based on the organic paleothermometer TEX86, that southwest Pacific sea surface temperatures increased from ~26 °C to ~33°C during the PETM. Such temperatures before, during and after the PETM are >10 °C warmer than predicted by paleoclimate model simulations for this latitude. In part, this discrepancy may be explained by potential seasonal biases in the TEX86 proxy in polar oceans. Additionally, the data suggest that not only Arctic, but also Antarctic temperatures may be underestimated in simulations of ancient greenhouse climates by current generation fully coupled climate models. An early influx of abundant Apectodinium confirms that environmental change preceded the CIE on a global scale. Organic dinoflagellate cyst assemblages suggest a local decrease in the amount of river run off reaching the core site during the PETM, possibly in concert with eustatic rise. Moreover, the assemblages suggest changes in seasonality of the regional hydrological system and storm activity. Finally, significant variation in dinoflagellate cyst assemblages during the PETM indicates that southwest Pacific climates varied significantly over time scales of 103 – 104 years during this event, a finding comparable to similar studies of PETM successions from the New Jersey Shelf. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Southern Ocean Unknown Antarctic Arctic Pacific Southern Ocean Climate of the Past 7 1 47 61 |
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spellingShingle |
geo envir A. Sluijs P. K. Bijl S. Schouten U. Röhl G.-J. Reichart H. Brinkhuis Southern ocean warming, sea level and hydrological change during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum |
topic_facet |
geo envir |
description |
A brief (~150 kyr) period of widespread global average surface warming marks the transition between the Paleocene and Eocene epochs, ~56 million years ago. This so-called "Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum" (PETM) is associated with the massive injection of 13C-depleted carbon, reflected in a negative carbon isotope excursion (CIE). Biotic responses include a global abundance peak (acme) of the subtropical dinoflagellate Apectodinium. Here we identify the PETM in a marine sedimentary sequence deposited on the East Tasman Plateau at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 1172 and show, based on the organic paleothermometer TEX86, that southwest Pacific sea surface temperatures increased from ~26 °C to ~33°C during the PETM. Such temperatures before, during and after the PETM are >10 °C warmer than predicted by paleoclimate model simulations for this latitude. In part, this discrepancy may be explained by potential seasonal biases in the TEX86 proxy in polar oceans. Additionally, the data suggest that not only Arctic, but also Antarctic temperatures may be underestimated in simulations of ancient greenhouse climates by current generation fully coupled climate models. An early influx of abundant Apectodinium confirms that environmental change preceded the CIE on a global scale. Organic dinoflagellate cyst assemblages suggest a local decrease in the amount of river run off reaching the core site during the PETM, possibly in concert with eustatic rise. Moreover, the assemblages suggest changes in seasonality of the regional hydrological system and storm activity. Finally, significant variation in dinoflagellate cyst assemblages during the PETM indicates that southwest Pacific climates varied significantly over time scales of 103 – 104 years during this event, a finding comparable to similar studies of PETM successions from the New Jersey Shelf. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
A. Sluijs P. K. Bijl S. Schouten U. Röhl G.-J. Reichart H. Brinkhuis |
author_facet |
A. Sluijs P. K. Bijl S. Schouten U. Röhl G.-J. Reichart H. Brinkhuis |
author_sort |
A. Sluijs |
title |
Southern ocean warming, sea level and hydrological change during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum |
title_short |
Southern ocean warming, sea level and hydrological change during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum |
title_full |
Southern ocean warming, sea level and hydrological change during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum |
title_fullStr |
Southern ocean warming, sea level and hydrological change during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum |
title_full_unstemmed |
Southern ocean warming, sea level and hydrological change during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum |
title_sort |
southern ocean warming, sea level and hydrological change during the paleocene-eocene thermal maximum |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-47-2011 http://www.clim-past.net/7/47/2011/cp-7-47-2011.pdf https://doaj.org/article/49394ca1f6204f508f44ae0d7d21d5da |
geographic |
Antarctic Arctic Pacific Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Arctic Pacific Southern Ocean |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Climate of the Past, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 47-61 (2011) |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/cp-7-47-2011 1814-9324 1814-9332 http://www.clim-past.net/7/47/2011/cp-7-47-2011.pdf https://doaj.org/article/49394ca1f6204f508f44ae0d7d21d5da |
op_rights |
undefined |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-47-2011 |
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Climate of the Past |
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7 |
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47 |
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61 |
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