Ocean Sound Propagation in a Changing Climate: Global Sound Speed Changes and Identification of Acoustic Hotspots
Abstract Climate change is a relevant threat on a global scale, leading to impacts on ecosystems and ocean biodiversity. A considerable fraction of marine life depends on sound. Marine mammals, in particular, exploit sound in all aspects of their life, including feeding and mating. This work explore...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EF002099 https://doaj.org/article/4494b4d0c659465896bd17791d0f08cf |
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fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:oai:doaj.org/article:4494b4d0c659465896bd17791d0f08cf 2023-05-15T16:08:19+02:00 Ocean Sound Propagation in a Changing Climate: Global Sound Speed Changes and Identification of Acoustic Hotspots Alice Affatati Chiara Scaini Stefano Salon 2022-03-01 https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EF002099 https://doaj.org/article/4494b4d0c659465896bd17791d0f08cf en eng Wiley 2328-4277 doi:10.1029/2021EF002099 https://doaj.org/article/4494b4d0c659465896bd17791d0f08cf undefined Earth's Future, Vol 10, Iss 3, Pp n/a-n/a (2022) sound speed climate change marine mammal conservation underwater acoustics future scenarios envir musiq Journal Article https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_6501/ 2022 fttriple https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EF002099 2023-01-22T19:12:25Z Abstract Climate change is a relevant threat on a global scale, leading to impacts on ecosystems and ocean biodiversity. A considerable fraction of marine life depends on sound. Marine mammals, in particular, exploit sound in all aspects of their life, including feeding and mating. This work explores the impact of climate change in sound propagation by computing the three‐dimensional global field of underwater sound speed. The computation was performed based on present conditions (2006–2016) and a “business‐as‐usual” future climate scenario (Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5), identifying two “acoustic hotspots” where larger sound speed variations are expected. Our results indicate that the identified acoustic hotspots will present substantial climate‐change‐induced sound speed variations toward the end of the century, potentially affecting the vital activities of species in the areas. Evidence is provided of the impact of such variation on underwater sound transmission. As an example of a species impacted by underwater transmission, we considered one marine mammal endangered species, the North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis), in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first global‐scale data set of climate‐induced sound speed changes expected under a future scenario. This study provides a starting point for policies oriented research to promote the conservation of marine ecosystems and, in particular, endangered marine mammals. Article in Journal/Newspaper Eubalaena glacialis North Atlantic North Atlantic right whale Unknown Earth's Future 10 3 |
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English |
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sound speed climate change marine mammal conservation underwater acoustics future scenarios envir musiq |
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sound speed climate change marine mammal conservation underwater acoustics future scenarios envir musiq Alice Affatati Chiara Scaini Stefano Salon Ocean Sound Propagation in a Changing Climate: Global Sound Speed Changes and Identification of Acoustic Hotspots |
topic_facet |
sound speed climate change marine mammal conservation underwater acoustics future scenarios envir musiq |
description |
Abstract Climate change is a relevant threat on a global scale, leading to impacts on ecosystems and ocean biodiversity. A considerable fraction of marine life depends on sound. Marine mammals, in particular, exploit sound in all aspects of their life, including feeding and mating. This work explores the impact of climate change in sound propagation by computing the three‐dimensional global field of underwater sound speed. The computation was performed based on present conditions (2006–2016) and a “business‐as‐usual” future climate scenario (Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5), identifying two “acoustic hotspots” where larger sound speed variations are expected. Our results indicate that the identified acoustic hotspots will present substantial climate‐change‐induced sound speed variations toward the end of the century, potentially affecting the vital activities of species in the areas. Evidence is provided of the impact of such variation on underwater sound transmission. As an example of a species impacted by underwater transmission, we considered one marine mammal endangered species, the North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis), in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first global‐scale data set of climate‐induced sound speed changes expected under a future scenario. This study provides a starting point for policies oriented research to promote the conservation of marine ecosystems and, in particular, endangered marine mammals. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Alice Affatati Chiara Scaini Stefano Salon |
author_facet |
Alice Affatati Chiara Scaini Stefano Salon |
author_sort |
Alice Affatati |
title |
Ocean Sound Propagation in a Changing Climate: Global Sound Speed Changes and Identification of Acoustic Hotspots |
title_short |
Ocean Sound Propagation in a Changing Climate: Global Sound Speed Changes and Identification of Acoustic Hotspots |
title_full |
Ocean Sound Propagation in a Changing Climate: Global Sound Speed Changes and Identification of Acoustic Hotspots |
title_fullStr |
Ocean Sound Propagation in a Changing Climate: Global Sound Speed Changes and Identification of Acoustic Hotspots |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ocean Sound Propagation in a Changing Climate: Global Sound Speed Changes and Identification of Acoustic Hotspots |
title_sort |
ocean sound propagation in a changing climate: global sound speed changes and identification of acoustic hotspots |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EF002099 https://doaj.org/article/4494b4d0c659465896bd17791d0f08cf |
genre |
Eubalaena glacialis North Atlantic North Atlantic right whale |
genre_facet |
Eubalaena glacialis North Atlantic North Atlantic right whale |
op_source |
Earth's Future, Vol 10, Iss 3, Pp n/a-n/a (2022) |
op_relation |
2328-4277 doi:10.1029/2021EF002099 https://doaj.org/article/4494b4d0c659465896bd17791d0f08cf |
op_rights |
undefined |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EF002099 |
container_title |
Earth's Future |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
3 |
_version_ |
1766404368413753344 |