CryoSat-2 delivers monthly and inter-annual surface elevation change for Arctic ice caps
We show that the CryoSat-2 radar altimeter can provide useful estimates of surface elevation change on a variety of Arctic ice caps, on both monthly and yearly timescales. Changing conditions, however, can lead to a varying bias between the elevation estimated from the radar altimeter and the physic...
Published in: | The Cryosphere |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2015
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-1895-2015 http://www.the-cryosphere.net/9/1895/2015/tc-9-1895-2015.pdf https://doaj.org/article/423d967ad84e4c4db211f730ef3320a6 |
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fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:oai:doaj.org/article:423d967ad84e4c4db211f730ef3320a6 2023-05-15T15:00:36+02:00 CryoSat-2 delivers monthly and inter-annual surface elevation change for Arctic ice caps L. Gray D. Burgess L. Copland M. N. Demuth T. Dunse K. Langley T. V. Schuler 2015-09-01 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-1895-2015 http://www.the-cryosphere.net/9/1895/2015/tc-9-1895-2015.pdf https://doaj.org/article/423d967ad84e4c4db211f730ef3320a6 en eng Copernicus Publications 1994-0416 1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-9-1895-2015 http://www.the-cryosphere.net/9/1895/2015/tc-9-1895-2015.pdf https://doaj.org/article/423d967ad84e4c4db211f730ef3320a6 undefined The Cryosphere, Vol 9, Iss 5, Pp 1895-1913 (2015) geo envir Journal Article https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_6501/ 2015 fttriple https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-1895-2015 2023-01-22T19:11:42Z We show that the CryoSat-2 radar altimeter can provide useful estimates of surface elevation change on a variety of Arctic ice caps, on both monthly and yearly timescales. Changing conditions, however, can lead to a varying bias between the elevation estimated from the radar altimeter and the physical surface due to changes in the ratio of subsurface to surface backscatter. Under melting conditions the radar returns are predominantly from the surface so that if surface melt is extensive across the ice cap estimates of summer elevation loss can be made with the frequent coverage provided by CryoSat-2. For example, the average summer elevation decreases on the Barnes Ice Cap, Baffin Island, Canada were 2.05 ± 0.36 m (2011), 2.55 ± 0.32 m (2012), 1.38 ± 0.40 m (2013) and 1.44 ± 0.37 m (2014), losses which were not balanced by the winter snow accumulation. As winter-to-winter conditions were similar, the net elevation losses were 1.0 ± 0.20 m (winter 2010/11 to winter 2011/12), 1.39 ± 0.20 m (2011/12 to 2012/13) and 0.36 ± 0.20 m (2012/13 to 2013/14); for a total surface elevation loss of 2.75 ± 0.20 m over this 3-year period. In contrast, the uncertainty in height change from Devon Ice Cap, Canada, and Austfonna, Svalbard, can be up to twice as large because of the presence of firn and the possibility of a varying bias between the true surface and the detected elevation due to changing year-to-year conditions. Nevertheless, the surface elevation change estimates from CryoSat for both ice caps are consistent with field and meteorological measurements. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Austfonna Baffin Island Baffin Barnes Ice Cap Ice cap Svalbard The Cryosphere Unknown Arctic Austfonna ENVELOPE(24.559,24.559,79.835,79.835) Baffin Island Barnes Ice Cap ENVELOPE(-73.498,-73.498,70.001,70.001) Canada Devon Ice Cap ENVELOPE(-82.499,-82.499,75.335,75.335) Svalbard The Cryosphere 9 5 1895 1913 |
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Open Polar |
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Unknown |
op_collection_id |
fttriple |
language |
English |
topic |
geo envir |
spellingShingle |
geo envir L. Gray D. Burgess L. Copland M. N. Demuth T. Dunse K. Langley T. V. Schuler CryoSat-2 delivers monthly and inter-annual surface elevation change for Arctic ice caps |
topic_facet |
geo envir |
description |
We show that the CryoSat-2 radar altimeter can provide useful estimates of surface elevation change on a variety of Arctic ice caps, on both monthly and yearly timescales. Changing conditions, however, can lead to a varying bias between the elevation estimated from the radar altimeter and the physical surface due to changes in the ratio of subsurface to surface backscatter. Under melting conditions the radar returns are predominantly from the surface so that if surface melt is extensive across the ice cap estimates of summer elevation loss can be made with the frequent coverage provided by CryoSat-2. For example, the average summer elevation decreases on the Barnes Ice Cap, Baffin Island, Canada were 2.05 ± 0.36 m (2011), 2.55 ± 0.32 m (2012), 1.38 ± 0.40 m (2013) and 1.44 ± 0.37 m (2014), losses which were not balanced by the winter snow accumulation. As winter-to-winter conditions were similar, the net elevation losses were 1.0 ± 0.20 m (winter 2010/11 to winter 2011/12), 1.39 ± 0.20 m (2011/12 to 2012/13) and 0.36 ± 0.20 m (2012/13 to 2013/14); for a total surface elevation loss of 2.75 ± 0.20 m over this 3-year period. In contrast, the uncertainty in height change from Devon Ice Cap, Canada, and Austfonna, Svalbard, can be up to twice as large because of the presence of firn and the possibility of a varying bias between the true surface and the detected elevation due to changing year-to-year conditions. Nevertheless, the surface elevation change estimates from CryoSat for both ice caps are consistent with field and meteorological measurements. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
L. Gray D. Burgess L. Copland M. N. Demuth T. Dunse K. Langley T. V. Schuler |
author_facet |
L. Gray D. Burgess L. Copland M. N. Demuth T. Dunse K. Langley T. V. Schuler |
author_sort |
L. Gray |
title |
CryoSat-2 delivers monthly and inter-annual surface elevation change for Arctic ice caps |
title_short |
CryoSat-2 delivers monthly and inter-annual surface elevation change for Arctic ice caps |
title_full |
CryoSat-2 delivers monthly and inter-annual surface elevation change for Arctic ice caps |
title_fullStr |
CryoSat-2 delivers monthly and inter-annual surface elevation change for Arctic ice caps |
title_full_unstemmed |
CryoSat-2 delivers monthly and inter-annual surface elevation change for Arctic ice caps |
title_sort |
cryosat-2 delivers monthly and inter-annual surface elevation change for arctic ice caps |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-1895-2015 http://www.the-cryosphere.net/9/1895/2015/tc-9-1895-2015.pdf https://doaj.org/article/423d967ad84e4c4db211f730ef3320a6 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(24.559,24.559,79.835,79.835) ENVELOPE(-73.498,-73.498,70.001,70.001) ENVELOPE(-82.499,-82.499,75.335,75.335) |
geographic |
Arctic Austfonna Baffin Island Barnes Ice Cap Canada Devon Ice Cap Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Austfonna Baffin Island Barnes Ice Cap Canada Devon Ice Cap Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Austfonna Baffin Island Baffin Barnes Ice Cap Ice cap Svalbard The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
Arctic Austfonna Baffin Island Baffin Barnes Ice Cap Ice cap Svalbard The Cryosphere |
op_source |
The Cryosphere, Vol 9, Iss 5, Pp 1895-1913 (2015) |
op_relation |
1994-0416 1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-9-1895-2015 http://www.the-cryosphere.net/9/1895/2015/tc-9-1895-2015.pdf https://doaj.org/article/423d967ad84e4c4db211f730ef3320a6 |
op_rights |
undefined |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-1895-2015 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
1895 |
op_container_end_page |
1913 |
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1766332681176481792 |