Modeling volcanic ash aggregation processes and related impacts on the April–May 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull volcano with WRF-Chem
Volcanic eruptions eject ash and gases into the atmosphere that can contribute to significant hazards to aviation, public and environment health, and the economy. Several volcanic ash transport and dispersion (VATD) models are in use to simulate volcanic ash transport operationally, but none include...
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fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:oai:doaj.org/article:3d7232eeafbd43a3a49bdc418f440944 2023-05-15T16:09:30+02:00 Modeling volcanic ash aggregation processes and related impacts on the April–May 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull volcano with WRF-Chem S. D. Egan M. Stuefer P. W. Webley T. Lopez C. F. Cahill M. Hirtl 2020-10-01 https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-2721-2020 https://nhess.copernicus.org/articles/20/2721/2020/nhess-20-2721-2020.pdf https://doaj.org/article/3d7232eeafbd43a3a49bdc418f440944 en eng Copernicus Publications doi:10.5194/nhess-20-2721-2020 1561-8633 1684-9981 https://nhess.copernicus.org/articles/20/2721/2020/nhess-20-2721-2020.pdf https://doaj.org/article/3d7232eeafbd43a3a49bdc418f440944 undefined Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, Vol 20, Pp 2721-2737 (2020) geo envir Journal Article https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_6501/ 2020 fttriple https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-2721-2020 2023-01-22T19:30:28Z Volcanic eruptions eject ash and gases into the atmosphere that can contribute to significant hazards to aviation, public and environment health, and the economy. Several volcanic ash transport and dispersion (VATD) models are in use to simulate volcanic ash transport operationally, but none include a treatment of volcanic ash aggregation processes. Volcanic ash aggregation can greatly reduce the atmospheric budget, dispersion and lifetime of ash particles, and therefore its impacts. To enhance our understanding and modeling capabilities of the ash aggregation process, a volcanic ash aggregation scheme was integrated into the Weather Research Forecasting with online Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model. Aggregation rates and ash mass loss in this modified code are calculated in line with the meteorological conditions, providing a fully coupled treatment of aggregation processes. The updated-model results were compared to field measurements of tephra fallout and in situ airborne measurements of ash particles from the April–May 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull volcano, Iceland. WRF-Chem, coupled with the newly added aggregation code, modeled ash clouds that agreed spatially and temporally with these in situ and field measurements. A sensitivity study provided insights into the mechanics of the aggregation code by analyzing each aggregation process (collision kernel) independently, as well as by varying the fractal dimension of the newly formed aggregates. In addition, the airborne lifetime (e-folding) of total domain ash mass was analyzed for a range of fractal dimensions, and a maximum reduction of 79.5 % of the airborne ash lifetime was noted. Article in Journal/Newspaper Eyjafjallajökull Iceland Unknown Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 20 10 2721 2737 |
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geo envir S. D. Egan M. Stuefer P. W. Webley T. Lopez C. F. Cahill M. Hirtl Modeling volcanic ash aggregation processes and related impacts on the April–May 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull volcano with WRF-Chem |
topic_facet |
geo envir |
description |
Volcanic eruptions eject ash and gases into the atmosphere that can contribute to significant hazards to aviation, public and environment health, and the economy. Several volcanic ash transport and dispersion (VATD) models are in use to simulate volcanic ash transport operationally, but none include a treatment of volcanic ash aggregation processes. Volcanic ash aggregation can greatly reduce the atmospheric budget, dispersion and lifetime of ash particles, and therefore its impacts. To enhance our understanding and modeling capabilities of the ash aggregation process, a volcanic ash aggregation scheme was integrated into the Weather Research Forecasting with online Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model. Aggregation rates and ash mass loss in this modified code are calculated in line with the meteorological conditions, providing a fully coupled treatment of aggregation processes. The updated-model results were compared to field measurements of tephra fallout and in situ airborne measurements of ash particles from the April–May 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull volcano, Iceland. WRF-Chem, coupled with the newly added aggregation code, modeled ash clouds that agreed spatially and temporally with these in situ and field measurements. A sensitivity study provided insights into the mechanics of the aggregation code by analyzing each aggregation process (collision kernel) independently, as well as by varying the fractal dimension of the newly formed aggregates. In addition, the airborne lifetime (e-folding) of total domain ash mass was analyzed for a range of fractal dimensions, and a maximum reduction of 79.5 % of the airborne ash lifetime was noted. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
S. D. Egan M. Stuefer P. W. Webley T. Lopez C. F. Cahill M. Hirtl |
author_facet |
S. D. Egan M. Stuefer P. W. Webley T. Lopez C. F. Cahill M. Hirtl |
author_sort |
S. D. Egan |
title |
Modeling volcanic ash aggregation processes and related impacts on the April–May 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull volcano with WRF-Chem |
title_short |
Modeling volcanic ash aggregation processes and related impacts on the April–May 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull volcano with WRF-Chem |
title_full |
Modeling volcanic ash aggregation processes and related impacts on the April–May 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull volcano with WRF-Chem |
title_fullStr |
Modeling volcanic ash aggregation processes and related impacts on the April–May 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull volcano with WRF-Chem |
title_full_unstemmed |
Modeling volcanic ash aggregation processes and related impacts on the April–May 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull volcano with WRF-Chem |
title_sort |
modeling volcanic ash aggregation processes and related impacts on the april–may 2010 eruptions of eyjafjallajökull volcano with wrf-chem |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-2721-2020 https://nhess.copernicus.org/articles/20/2721/2020/nhess-20-2721-2020.pdf https://doaj.org/article/3d7232eeafbd43a3a49bdc418f440944 |
genre |
Eyjafjallajökull Iceland |
genre_facet |
Eyjafjallajökull Iceland |
op_source |
Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, Vol 20, Pp 2721-2737 (2020) |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/nhess-20-2721-2020 1561-8633 1684-9981 https://nhess.copernicus.org/articles/20/2721/2020/nhess-20-2721-2020.pdf https://doaj.org/article/3d7232eeafbd43a3a49bdc418f440944 |
op_rights |
undefined |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-2721-2020 |
container_title |
Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences |
container_volume |
20 |
container_issue |
10 |
container_start_page |
2721 |
op_container_end_page |
2737 |
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