Analyses of Peace River Shallow Water Ice Profiling Sonar data and their implications for the roles played by frazil ice and in situ anchor ice growth in a freezing river
Peace River SWIPS (Shallow Water Ice Profiling Sonar) data were analyzed to quantify the roles of frazil ice and riverbed anchor ice grown in situ during the initial buildup of a seasonal ice cover. Data were derived through quasi-continuous monitoring of frazil parameters throughout the water colum...
Published in: | The Cryosphere |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2021
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2473-2021 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/15/2473/2021/tc-15-2473-2021.pdf https://doaj.org/article/393da55198974b78a5219f89f3c21f11 |
id |
fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:oai:doaj.org/article:393da55198974b78a5219f89f3c21f11 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:oai:doaj.org/article:393da55198974b78a5219f89f3c21f11 2023-05-15T18:32:20+02:00 Analyses of Peace River Shallow Water Ice Profiling Sonar data and their implications for the roles played by frazil ice and in situ anchor ice growth in a freezing river J. R. Marko D. R. Topham 2021-05-01 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2473-2021 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/15/2473/2021/tc-15-2473-2021.pdf https://doaj.org/article/393da55198974b78a5219f89f3c21f11 en eng Copernicus Publications doi:10.5194/tc-15-2473-2021 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/15/2473/2021/tc-15-2473-2021.pdf https://doaj.org/article/393da55198974b78a5219f89f3c21f11 undefined The Cryosphere, Vol 15, Pp 2473-2489 (2021) geo envir Journal Article https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_6501/ 2021 fttriple https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2473-2021 2023-01-22T17:53:14Z Peace River SWIPS (Shallow Water Ice Profiling Sonar) data were analyzed to quantify the roles of frazil ice and riverbed anchor ice grown in situ during the initial buildup of a seasonal ice cover. Data were derived through quasi-continuous monitoring of frazil parameters throughout the water column, providing direct and indirect measures of anchor ice volume and mass growth rates. Analyses utilized water level and air and water temperature information in conjunction with acoustic volume backscattering coefficient data to track and interpret spatial and temporal changes in riverbed and water column ice. Interest focused on four frazil intervals characterized by anomalously low levels of frazil content (relative to simulations with an anchor-ice-free river ice model) as distinguished by two strikingly different types of time dependences. A simple physical model was proposed to quantitatively account for discrepancies between measured and simulated results in terms of the pronounced dominance of anchor ice as an initial source of river ice volume and mass. The distinctive differences in temporally variable water column frazil content are attributed, in this model, to corresponding differences in the stabilities of riverbed anchor ice layers against detachment and buoyancy-driven movement to the river surface. In accord with earlier observations, the stability of in situ grown riverbed ice layers appears to be inversely proportional to cooling rates. The strength of the coupling between the two studied ice species was shown to be strong enough to detect changes in the anchor ice constituent from variations in water column frazil content. Article in Journal/Newspaper The Cryosphere Unknown The Cryosphere 15 5 2473 2489 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Unknown |
op_collection_id |
fttriple |
language |
English |
topic |
geo envir |
spellingShingle |
geo envir J. R. Marko D. R. Topham Analyses of Peace River Shallow Water Ice Profiling Sonar data and their implications for the roles played by frazil ice and in situ anchor ice growth in a freezing river |
topic_facet |
geo envir |
description |
Peace River SWIPS (Shallow Water Ice Profiling Sonar) data were analyzed to quantify the roles of frazil ice and riverbed anchor ice grown in situ during the initial buildup of a seasonal ice cover. Data were derived through quasi-continuous monitoring of frazil parameters throughout the water column, providing direct and indirect measures of anchor ice volume and mass growth rates. Analyses utilized water level and air and water temperature information in conjunction with acoustic volume backscattering coefficient data to track and interpret spatial and temporal changes in riverbed and water column ice. Interest focused on four frazil intervals characterized by anomalously low levels of frazil content (relative to simulations with an anchor-ice-free river ice model) as distinguished by two strikingly different types of time dependences. A simple physical model was proposed to quantitatively account for discrepancies between measured and simulated results in terms of the pronounced dominance of anchor ice as an initial source of river ice volume and mass. The distinctive differences in temporally variable water column frazil content are attributed, in this model, to corresponding differences in the stabilities of riverbed anchor ice layers against detachment and buoyancy-driven movement to the river surface. In accord with earlier observations, the stability of in situ grown riverbed ice layers appears to be inversely proportional to cooling rates. The strength of the coupling between the two studied ice species was shown to be strong enough to detect changes in the anchor ice constituent from variations in water column frazil content. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
J. R. Marko D. R. Topham |
author_facet |
J. R. Marko D. R. Topham |
author_sort |
J. R. Marko |
title |
Analyses of Peace River Shallow Water Ice Profiling Sonar data and their implications for the roles played by frazil ice and in situ anchor ice growth in a freezing river |
title_short |
Analyses of Peace River Shallow Water Ice Profiling Sonar data and their implications for the roles played by frazil ice and in situ anchor ice growth in a freezing river |
title_full |
Analyses of Peace River Shallow Water Ice Profiling Sonar data and their implications for the roles played by frazil ice and in situ anchor ice growth in a freezing river |
title_fullStr |
Analyses of Peace River Shallow Water Ice Profiling Sonar data and their implications for the roles played by frazil ice and in situ anchor ice growth in a freezing river |
title_full_unstemmed |
Analyses of Peace River Shallow Water Ice Profiling Sonar data and their implications for the roles played by frazil ice and in situ anchor ice growth in a freezing river |
title_sort |
analyses of peace river shallow water ice profiling sonar data and their implications for the roles played by frazil ice and in situ anchor ice growth in a freezing river |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2473-2021 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/15/2473/2021/tc-15-2473-2021.pdf https://doaj.org/article/393da55198974b78a5219f89f3c21f11 |
genre |
The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
The Cryosphere |
op_source |
The Cryosphere, Vol 15, Pp 2473-2489 (2021) |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/tc-15-2473-2021 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/15/2473/2021/tc-15-2473-2021.pdf https://doaj.org/article/393da55198974b78a5219f89f3c21f11 |
op_rights |
undefined |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2473-2021 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
15 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
2473 |
op_container_end_page |
2489 |
_version_ |
1766216432120496128 |