Impact of exhaust emissions on chemical snowpack composition at Concordia Station, Antarctica
The chemistry of reactive gases inside the snowpack and in the lower atmosphere was investigated at Concordia Station (Dome C), Antarctica, from December 2012 to January 2014. Measured species included ozone, nitrogen oxides, gaseous elemental mercury (GEM), and formaldehyde, for study of photochemi...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-199-2020 https://www.the-cryosphere.net/14/199/2020/tc-14-199-2020.pdf https://doaj.org/article/094a4c5c7f2c458ab001a894d13e1710 |
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fttriple:oai:gotriple.eu:oai:doaj.org/article:094a4c5c7f2c458ab001a894d13e1710 2023-05-15T13:43:15+02:00 Impact of exhaust emissions on chemical snowpack composition at Concordia Station, Antarctica D. Helmig D. Liptzin J. Hueber J. Savarino 2020-01-01 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-199-2020 https://www.the-cryosphere.net/14/199/2020/tc-14-199-2020.pdf https://doaj.org/article/094a4c5c7f2c458ab001a894d13e1710 en eng Copernicus Publications doi:10.5194/tc-14-199-2020 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://www.the-cryosphere.net/14/199/2020/tc-14-199-2020.pdf https://doaj.org/article/094a4c5c7f2c458ab001a894d13e1710 undefined The Cryosphere, Vol 14, Pp 199-209 (2020) geo envir Journal Article https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_6501/ 2020 fttriple https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-199-2020 2023-01-22T19:11:44Z The chemistry of reactive gases inside the snowpack and in the lower atmosphere was investigated at Concordia Station (Dome C), Antarctica, from December 2012 to January 2014. Measured species included ozone, nitrogen oxides, gaseous elemental mercury (GEM), and formaldehyde, for study of photochemical reactions, surface exchange, and the seasonal cycles and atmospheric chemistry of these gases. The experiment was installed ≈1 km from the station main infrastructure inside the station clean air sector and within the station electrical power grid boundary. Ambient air was sampled continuously from inlets mounted above the surface on a 10 m meteorological tower. In addition, snowpack air was collected at 30 cm intervals to 1.2 m depth from two manifolds that had both above- and below-surface sampling inlets. Despite being in the clean air sector, over the course of the 1.2-year study, we observed on the order of 50 occasions when exhaust plumes from the camp, most notably from the power generation system, were transported to the study site. Continuous monitoring of nitrogen oxides (NOx) provided a measurement of a chemical tracer for exhaust plumes. Highly elevated levels of NOx (up to 1000 × background) and lowered ozone (down to ≈50 %), most likely from reaction of ozone with nitric oxide, were measured in air from above and within the snowpack. Within 5–15 min from observing elevated pollutant levels above the snow, rapidly increasing and long-lasting concentration enhancements were measured in snowpack air. While pollution events typically lasted only a few minutes to an hour above the snow surface, elevated NOx levels were observed in the snowpack lasting from a few days to ≈ 1 week. GEM and formaldehyde measurements were less sensitive and covered a shorter measurement period; neither of these species' data showed noticeable concentration changes during these events that were above the normal variability seen in the data. Nonetheless, the clarity of the NOx and ozone observations adds important new insight ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica The Cryosphere Unknown Concordia Station ENVELOPE(123.333,123.333,-75.100,-75.100) The Cryosphere 14 1 199 209 |
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geo envir D. Helmig D. Liptzin J. Hueber J. Savarino Impact of exhaust emissions on chemical snowpack composition at Concordia Station, Antarctica |
topic_facet |
geo envir |
description |
The chemistry of reactive gases inside the snowpack and in the lower atmosphere was investigated at Concordia Station (Dome C), Antarctica, from December 2012 to January 2014. Measured species included ozone, nitrogen oxides, gaseous elemental mercury (GEM), and formaldehyde, for study of photochemical reactions, surface exchange, and the seasonal cycles and atmospheric chemistry of these gases. The experiment was installed ≈1 km from the station main infrastructure inside the station clean air sector and within the station electrical power grid boundary. Ambient air was sampled continuously from inlets mounted above the surface on a 10 m meteorological tower. In addition, snowpack air was collected at 30 cm intervals to 1.2 m depth from two manifolds that had both above- and below-surface sampling inlets. Despite being in the clean air sector, over the course of the 1.2-year study, we observed on the order of 50 occasions when exhaust plumes from the camp, most notably from the power generation system, were transported to the study site. Continuous monitoring of nitrogen oxides (NOx) provided a measurement of a chemical tracer for exhaust plumes. Highly elevated levels of NOx (up to 1000 × background) and lowered ozone (down to ≈50 %), most likely from reaction of ozone with nitric oxide, were measured in air from above and within the snowpack. Within 5–15 min from observing elevated pollutant levels above the snow, rapidly increasing and long-lasting concentration enhancements were measured in snowpack air. While pollution events typically lasted only a few minutes to an hour above the snow surface, elevated NOx levels were observed in the snowpack lasting from a few days to ≈ 1 week. GEM and formaldehyde measurements were less sensitive and covered a shorter measurement period; neither of these species' data showed noticeable concentration changes during these events that were above the normal variability seen in the data. Nonetheless, the clarity of the NOx and ozone observations adds important new insight ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
D. Helmig D. Liptzin J. Hueber J. Savarino |
author_facet |
D. Helmig D. Liptzin J. Hueber J. Savarino |
author_sort |
D. Helmig |
title |
Impact of exhaust emissions on chemical snowpack composition at Concordia Station, Antarctica |
title_short |
Impact of exhaust emissions on chemical snowpack composition at Concordia Station, Antarctica |
title_full |
Impact of exhaust emissions on chemical snowpack composition at Concordia Station, Antarctica |
title_fullStr |
Impact of exhaust emissions on chemical snowpack composition at Concordia Station, Antarctica |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of exhaust emissions on chemical snowpack composition at Concordia Station, Antarctica |
title_sort |
impact of exhaust emissions on chemical snowpack composition at concordia station, antarctica |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-199-2020 https://www.the-cryosphere.net/14/199/2020/tc-14-199-2020.pdf https://doaj.org/article/094a4c5c7f2c458ab001a894d13e1710 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(123.333,123.333,-75.100,-75.100) |
geographic |
Concordia Station |
geographic_facet |
Concordia Station |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica The Cryosphere |
op_source |
The Cryosphere, Vol 14, Pp 199-209 (2020) |
op_relation |
doi:10.5194/tc-14-199-2020 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://www.the-cryosphere.net/14/199/2020/tc-14-199-2020.pdf https://doaj.org/article/094a4c5c7f2c458ab001a894d13e1710 |
op_rights |
undefined |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-199-2020 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
199 |
op_container_end_page |
209 |
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1766186278859046912 |