Identification de peptides antibactériens issus de co-produits de crabe des neiges (Chionoecetes opilio) par une stratégie de peptidomique et de génomique

• Main Author: El Menif, Emna
• Other Authors: Beaulieu, Lucie, Labrie, Steve
• Format: Thesis
• Language: French
• Published: Université Laval 2020
• Subjects: stat; manag; Chionoecetes opilio; Snow crab
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67440

Snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) by-products rich in chitin are mainly used in compost. However, they are also rich in active biomolecules such as antibacterial peptides that could be generated by enzymatic hydrolysis. However, the origin and location of these peptides from C. opilio by-products have not been elucidated yet. Various matrices constituting C. opilio by-products were isolated and then hydrolyzed with the commercial enzyme mixture Protamex®. Each hydrolysate of the different matrices was fractionated using a hydrophobic interaction Sep-pack C18 column and the antibacterial activity was verified against three indicative strains: Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Listeria innocua HPB13 and Vibrio parahemolyticus ATCC 17802. Antibacterial activity was detected from the hepatopancreas’ peptide extract against Listeria innocua HPB13 only. Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS) analysis has allowed identifying four peptide fractions with homologies greater than 80% with known antibacterial peptides (Odorranain-C7, YFGAP: Yellowfin tuna GAPDHrelated antimicrobial peptide, crustin, predicted antibacterial peptide). Among these peptides, crustin is the only peptide derived from crustaceans found mainly in the haemolymph, but not identified in C. opilio. Protein extraction from the C. opilio hemolymph, followed by Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography (FPLC) purification and protein migration on denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), allowed visualizing bands associated with proteins having the average size of crustin. Electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) analysis allowed identifying a peptide with homology greater than 80% with crustin. Complementary analyzes were performed by amplification of the gene coding for crustin with several combinations of primers followed by sequencing. The results confirmed the presence of an antibacterial activity from C. opilio hepatopancreas and allowed identifying a homology with the crustin-like antibacterial ...