Paysages intérieurs : représentations spatiales et photobiologiques de la lumière dans l’architecture du Nunavik

• Main Author: Lalande, Philippe
• Other Authors: Demers, Claude, Hébert, Marc
• Format: Thesis
• Language: French
• Published: Université Laval 2020
• Subjects: archi; envir; Nunavik; Subarctic
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66581

Architectural daylighting design strategies can improve the quality and inhabitability of indoor spaces by increasing their connection with the exterior and, in the case of Nunavik, the land. Photobiology also favours daylight as a light source in indoor spaces for its ability to synchronize the biological rhythms through the circadian clock daily entrainment. Yet, these strategies remain a challenge in Nunavik due to its subarctic climate, photoperiod and solar geometry. The objective of this research is to develop representations of daylight in Nunavik's architecture so as to inform its integration into future architectural projects. It addresses spatial representations of quantitative information as an appropriate tool for assessing light ambiences, suggesting a better dialogue between architects and other stakeholders in the building industry by communicating the spatial qualities of different architectural environments. Light is represented for the photopic (daytime vision) and melanopic (biological clock) portions of the electromagnetic spectrum, measured respectively in lux and equivalent melanopic lux (EML). A digital tool based on Raspberry Pi microcomputers is developed for low-cost automated photographic surveys. The associated camera module (RPiCM) generates High Dynamic Range (HDR) images, which accurately measure luminance (cd/m2) to render human perception in relation to light intensity and chromaticity. Photopic/melanopic dominance maps are developed to identify the surfaces and architectural components that contribute to these respective intervals. Lighting patterns of different landscapes and indoor scenes are evaluated using this photobiological variable, and then expressed in a graphical display so as to validate their circadian potential, and express interior-exterior relations. Ultimately, spatial representations inform architects’ design initiatives, and serve as a communication tool with other building stakeholders. Les stratégies de conception architecturale en éclairage naturel ...