L’utopie sociale des christianismes indigenes
During the 20th century, the focus of anthropology for indigenous Christianity was unequal. Discipline favored observations in the South rather than on the North, looking at movements showing exemplary features of popular syncretism. Beside, many others locals Christianity’s were less considered bec...
| Published in: | Archives de sciences sociales des religions |
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| Main Author: | |
| Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
| Language: | French |
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Éditions de l’EHESS
2015
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.4000/assr.26978 http://journals.openedition.org/assr/26978 |
| Summary: | During the 20th century, the focus of anthropology for indigenous Christianity was unequal. Discipline favored observations in the South rather than on the North, looking at movements showing exemplary features of popular syncretism. Beside, many others locals Christianity’s were less considered because they were supposed to be imperialist settlements. This historical construction is analyzed with three cases studies: postcolonial societies from the North and the South Atlantic, where arose indigenous churches settings of Adventism, Methodism, Pentecostalism, Calvinism, Lutheranism and Spiritualism. The article shows that they should also be considered in terms of indigenization since they were selected by natives, nourished as utopias and established through distinctive ways according to cultural contexts. The change of perspective historically occurs later, including the “break” of transnational religions. Au cours du xxe siècle, l’attention de l’anthropologie pour les christianismes indigènes fut inégale. La discipline a privilégié l’observation de « fabriques religieuses » au Sud (plus qu’au Nord) qui présentaient des traits exemplaires de syncrétisme populaire. De nombreux autres christianismes, considérés comme des implantations impérialistes, ont été écartés de l’examen. Le processus est observé à partir de trois cas d’études, sociétés postcoloniales de l’Atlantique Nord et Sud, où surgissent au début du siècle les premières fabriques religieuses : adventisme, méthodisme, pentecôtisme, calvinisme, luthéranisme et spiritisme. L’article s’efforce de montrer que ces dénominations doivent aussi faire l’objet d’une attention en termes d’indigénisation car elles furent sélectionnées par des autochtones, nourries comme des utopies et implantées de manières distinctives en fonction de critères propres à chaque contexte culturel. Le changement de perspective intervient historiquement plus tard, avec notamment la « rupture » des religions transnationales. A lo largo del siglo xx, la atención de la antropología ... |
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