Phylogeny of Tetillidae (Porifera, Demospongiae, Spirophorida) based on three molecular markers
Abstract Tetillidae are spherical to elliptical cosmopolitan demosponges. The family comprises eight genera: namely, Acanthotetilla Burton, 1959, Amphitethya Lendenfeld, 1907, Cinachyra Sollas, 1886 , Cinachyrella Wilson, 1925 , Craniella Schmidt, 1870, Fangophilina Schmidt, 1880, Paratetilla Dendy,...
Published in: | Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | unknown |
Published: |
Elsevier BV
2013
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1055790313000754?httpAccept=text/xml https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1055790313000754?httpAccept=text/plain https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2013.02.018 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790313000754 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23485919 http://library.wur.nl/WebQuery/wurpubs/442815 https://www.narcis.nl/publication/RecordID/oai%3Alibrary.wur.nl%3Awurpubs%2F442815 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1055790313000754#! https://academic.microsoft.com/#/detail/2013979972 |
Summary: | Abstract Tetillidae are spherical to elliptical cosmopolitan demosponges. The family comprises eight genera: namely, Acanthotetilla Burton, 1959, Amphitethya Lendenfeld, 1907, Cinachyra Sollas, 1886 , Cinachyrella Wilson, 1925 , Craniella Schmidt, 1870, Fangophilina Schmidt, 1880, Paratetilla Dendy, 1905, and Tetilla Schmidt, 1868. These genera are characterized by few conflicting morphological characters, resulting in an ambiguity of phylogenetic relationships. The phylogeny of tetillid genera was investigated using the cox1, 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA (C1–D2 domains) genes in 88 specimens (8 genera, 28 species). Five clades were identified: (i) Cinachyrella, Paratetilla and Amphitethya species, (ii) Cinachyrella levantinensis, (iii) Tetilla, (iv) Craniella, Cinachyra and Fangophilina and (v) Acanthotetilla. Consequently, the phylogenetic analysis supports the monophyly of Tetilla, a genus lacking any known morphological synapomorphy. Acanthotetilla is also recovered. In contrast, within the first clade, species of the genera Paratetilla and Amphitethya were nested within Cinachyrella. Similarly, within the fourth clade, species of the genera Cinachyra and Fangophilina were nested within Craniella. As previously postulated by taxonomists, the loss of ectodermal specialization (i.e., a cortex) has occurred several times independently. Nevertheless, the presence or absence of a cortex and its features carry a phylogenetic signal. Surprisingly, the common view that assumes close relationships among sponges with porocalices (i.e., surface depressions) is refuted. |
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